Detection of Anaplasma spp. and Ehrlichia spp. anibodies, and Dirofilaria immitis antigens in dogs from seven locations of Morocco

Khatat, Sarah El Hamiani; Khallaayoune, Khalid; Errafyk, Nabil; Gool, F. van; Duchateau, Luc; Daminet, Sylvie; Kachani, Malika; Amri, Hamid El; Azrib, Rahma; Sahibi, Hamid

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2017.04.004

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In another study, 16.5% of USA dog samples were found to be seropositive for more than one pathogen ( 119 ). Two serologic surveys showed that 1.32 and 14.3% of dogs had antibodies against two pathogens in Italy and Morocco, respectively ( 178 , 226 ). In Tunisia, 22.4% of dogs were seropositive for E. canis and A. phagocytophilum ( 224 ).…”

Section: Canine Granulocytic Anaplasmosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological and Clinicopathological Features of Anaplasma phagocytophilum Infection in Dogs: A Systematic Review

et al. 2021

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Anaplasma phagocytophilum is a worldwide emerging zoonotic tick-borne pathogen transmitted by Ixodid ticks and naturally maintained in complex and incompletely assessed enzootic cycles. Several studies have demonstrated an extensive genetic variability with variable host tropisms and pathogenicity. However, the relationship between genetic diversity and modified pathogenicity is not yet understood. Because of their proximity to humans, dogs are potential sentinels for the transmission of vector-borne pathogens. Furthermore, the strong molecular similarity between human and canine isolates of A. phagocytophilum in Europe and the USA and the positive association in the distribution of human and canine cases in the USA emphasizes the epidemiological role of dogs. Anaplasma phagocytophilum infects and survives within neutrophils by disregulating neutrophil functions and evading specific immune responses. Moreover, the complex interaction between the bacterium and the infected host immune system contribute to induce inflammatory injuries. Canine granulocytic anaplasmosis is an acute febrile illness characterized by lethargy, inappetence, weight loss and musculoskeletal pain. Hematological and biochemistry profile modifications associated with this disease are unspecific and include thrombocytopenia, anemia, morulae within neutrophils and increased liver enzymes activity. Coinfections with other tick-borne pathogens (TBPs) may occur, especially with Borrelia burgdorferi, complicating the clinical presentation, diagnosis and response to treatment. Although clinical studies have been published in dogs, it remains unclear if several clinical signs and clinicopathological abnormalities can be related to this infection.

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Section: Canine Granulocytic Anaplasmosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological and Clinicopathological Features of Anaplasma phagocytophilum Infection in Dogs: A Systematic Review

et al. 2021

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“…In yet another study, 16.5% of American dog blood samples were found to be seropositive for more than one pathogen [ 37 ]. In Italy and Morocco, two serological investigations showed that 1.32% and 14.3% of dogs with dual seropositivity were detected, respectively [ 38 , 39 ]. Experimental studies on rodents show that co-infection regulates the host’s immune response to A. phagocytophilum and the production of interleukins (ILs), and reduces IFN-γ Level and the number of CD8 + T cells, leading to more serious clinical symptoms, increasing the burden of pathogens in blood and tissues, and leading to long-lasting infections [ 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Detection and Phylogenetic Characterization of Anaplasma spp. in Dogs from Hainan Province/Island, China

Yang

Zhou

Upadhyay

et al. 2023

Veterinary Sciences

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Anaplasmosis is a serious infection which is transmitted by ticks and mosquitos. There are very few reports and studies that have been carried out to understand the prevalence, distribution, and epidemiological profile of Anaplasma spp. infection in dogs in Hainan province/island. In the present study, we have tried to understand the prevalence, distribution, and occurrence of Anaplasma spp. infections in dogs (n = 1051) in Hainan Island/Province to establish a surveillance-based study. The confirmed positive samples by Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were subjected to capillary sequencing for further strain-specific confirmation, followed by the construction of phylogenetic trees to determine their genetic relations. Various statistical tools were used to analyze related risk factors. There were three species of Anaplasma detected from the Hainan region; namely, A. phagocytophilum, A. bovis, and A. platys. The overall prevalence of Anaplasma is 9.7% (102/1051). A. phagocytopihum was prevalent in 1.0% of dogs (11/1051), A. bovis was found in 2.7% of dogs (28/1051), and A. platys in 6.0% of dogs (63/1051). Our surveillance-based study conducted to understand the occurrence and distribution pattern of Anaplasma spp. in Hainan will help in designing effective control measures along with management strategies so as to treat and control the infection in the area.

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“…Thus, for future studies, we recommend evaluating the urinary, hematological, and biochemical changes in symptomatic and asymptomatic patients. It could also be interesting to evaluate, for the first time in Morocco, possible coinfections between L. infantum and other vector-borne pathogens (VBPs) in dogs, such as Dirofilaria immitis , Ehrlichia canis , Anaplasma spp., and Babesia spp., which are known to be present in Morocco [ 74 ]. VBPs usually cause a similar clinical picture and coinfections may lead to atypical clinical signs making the diagnosis and the management challenging for veterinarians [ 75 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Canine Leishmaniasis in Morocco: A Descriptive Prospective Clinical Study

Idrissi

Hakkour

Duchateau

et al. 2021

Veterinary Medicine International

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Canine leishmaniasis (CanL) is a zoonotic vector-borne disease that is endemic in the Mediterranean Basin including Morocco. Dogs play a major epidemiological role in this zoonosis as reservoir hosts. This study investigated the clinical manifestations of CanL in dogs naturally infected with Leishmania infantum. A total of 96 dogs presented to the Small Animal Clinic of the Hassan II Agronomy and Veterinary Institute (IAV Hassan II) of Rabat, Morocco, and were tested by RT-PCR and/or serology. Among them, 32 (33.3%) were positive to Leishmania infantum infection. The majority of the positive dogs (93.7%) came from urban areas. Most of them were male (62.5%) and purebreds (65.6%), were aged between 3 and 7 years (71.8%), and had outside activities (guarding, hunting, livestock guarding, and service activities) (71.8%) and all of them were living exclusively outdoor or had free access to the outdoor environment. Lymphadenomegaly (81.2%), dermatological disorders (65.6%) (mostly exfoliative dermatitis), weight loss (59.3%), exercise intolerance (56.2%), anorexia (28.1%), hyporexia (15.6%), and ocular lesions (28.1%) were the most frequent clinical signs and complaints recorded. Anemia and hyperproteinemia due to hyperglobulinemia were observed in 68.7% and 72.7% of the cases, respectively. These results suggest that CanL leads to various nonspecific clinical signs as described previously, making the diagnosis challenging. Since CanL is endemic in Morocco, it should be recommended to systematically test dogs displaying clinical signs compatible with this disease and to regularly screen asymptomatic at-risk dogs. It is also crucial to educate dog owners about the zoonotic aspect of the disease and to encourage intersectorial collaboration following the “One Health” concept, in order to contribute to a more effective control/prevention of human and canine leishmaniasis.

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Detection of Anaplasma spp. and Ehrlichia spp. anibodies, and Dirofilaria immitis antigens in dogs from seven locations of Morocco

Cited by 14 publications

References 22 publications

Epidemiological and Clinicopathological Features of Anaplasma phagocytophilum Infection in Dogs: A Systematic Review

Epidemiological and Clinicopathological Features of Anaplasma phagocytophilum Infection in Dogs: A Systematic Review

Molecular Detection and Phylogenetic Characterization of Anaplasma spp. in Dogs from Hainan Province/Island, China

Canine Leishmaniasis in Morocco: A Descriptive Prospective Clinical Study

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