Effects of risk for bipolar disorder on brain function: A twin and family study

Sugihara, Genichi; Kane, Fergus; Picchioni, Marco; Chaddock, Christopher; Kravariti, Eugenia; Kalidindi, Sridevi; Rijsdijk, Frühling; Toulopoulou, Timothea; Curtis, Vivienne; McDonald, Colm; Murray, Robin M.; McGuire, Philip

doi:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2017.03.001

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Studies have reported that OFC volume decreases in both adults and children with BD ( Nugent et al, 2006 ; Najt et al, 2007 ). Recent twin and family fMRI studies of BD also found that OFC rendered the most significant heritability estimates and was significantly correlated with the BD phenotype ( Sugihara et al, 2017 ). These studies indicate that OFC could play an important role in BD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Decreased Functional Connectivity in Insular Subregions in Depressive Episodes of Bipolar Disorder and Major Depressive Disorder

Zhang¹,

Chang²,

Wei³

et al. 2018

Front. Neurosci.

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Objective: Clinically, it is very difficult to distinguish between major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD) in the period of depression. Increasing evidence shows that the insula plays an important role in depression. We aimed to compare the resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) of insular subregions in patients with MDD and BD in depressive episodes (BDD), who had never experienced manic or hypomanic episodes when they were scanned to identify biomarkers for the identification of two diseases.Methods: We recruited 21 BDD patients, 40 MDD patients and 70 healthy controls (HC). Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) was performed. BDD patients had never had manic or hypomanic episodes when they were scanned, and the diagnoses were determined by follow-up. We divided the insula into three parts including the ventral anterior insular cortex (v-AIN), dorsal anterior insular cortex (d-AIN), and posterior insula (PI). The insular-based rsFC was compared among the three groups, and an analysis of the correlation between the rsFC value and Hamilton depression and anxiety scales was carried out.Results: BDD and MDD patients demonstrated decreased rsFC from the v-AIN to the left superior/middle frontal gyrus compared with the HC group. Versus MDD and HC groups, BDD patients exhibited decreased rsFC from the v-AIN to the area in the left orbital frontal gyrus and left superior temporal gyrus (included temporal pole), from the PI to the right lateral postcentral gyrus and from all three insular subregions to the somatosensory and motor cortex. Meanwhile, a correlation between the rsFC value of the PI-right lateral postcentral gyrus and anxiety score was observed in patients.Conclusion: Our findings show BDD and MDD patients have similar decreases in insular connectivity in the dorsal lateral frontal regions, and BDD patients have specific decreased insular connectivity, especially in the somatosensory and motor cortex, which may be used as imaging evidence for clinical identification.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Decreased Functional Connectivity in Insular Subregions in Depressive Episodes of Bipolar Disorder and Major Depressive Disorder

Zhang¹,

Chang²,

Wei³

et al. 2018

Front. Neurosci.

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“…Differently, during working memory tasks, BD-RELs showed a pattern of increased and decreased activation in the VLPFC and frontopolar cortex [102]. Notably, the potential role of alerted OFC activity during working memory tasks was also suggested by twin studies [120].…”

Section: Cognitive Tasksmentioning

confidence: 82%

The Risk for Schizophrenia–Bipolar Spectrum: Does the Apple Fall Close to the Tree? A Narrative Review

Cattarinussi

Gugliotta

Sambataro

2023

IJERPH

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Schizophrenia (SCZ) and bipolar disorder (BD) are severe psychiatric disorders that share clinical features and several risk genes. Important information about their genetic underpinnings arises from intermediate phenotypes (IPs), quantifiable biological traits that are more prevalent in unaffected relatives (RELs) of patients compared to the general population and co-segregate with the disorders. Within IPs, neuropsychological functions and neuroimaging measures have the potential to provide useful insight into the pathophysiology of SCZ and BD. In this context, the present narrative review provides a comprehensive overview of the available evidence on deficits in neuropsychological functions and neuroimaging alterations in unaffected relatives of SCZ (SCZ-RELs) and BD (BD-RELs). Overall, deficits in cognitive functions including intelligence, memory, attention, executive functions, and social cognition could be considered IPs for SCZ. Although the picture for cognitive alterations in BD-RELs is less defined, BD-RELs seem to present worse performances compared to controls in executive functioning, including adaptable thinking, planning, self-monitoring, self-control, and working memory. Among neuroimaging markers, SCZ-RELs appear to be characterized by structural and functional alterations in the cortico–striatal–thalamic network, while BD risk seems to be associated with abnormalities in the prefrontal, temporal, thalamic, and limbic regions. In conclusion, SCZ-RELs and BD-RELs present a pattern of cognitive and neuroimaging alterations that lie between patients and healthy individuals. Similar abnormalities in SCZ-RELs and BD-RELs may be the phenotypic expression of the shared genetic mechanisms underlying both disorders, while the specificities in neuropsychological and neuroimaging profiles may be associated with the differential symptom expression in the two disorders.

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Brain Network Dysfunction in Bipolar Disorder: Evidence from Structural and Functional MRI Studies

Delvecchio

Maggioni

Squarcina

et al. 2021

Brain Network Dysfunction in Neuropsychiatric Illness

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Effects of risk for bipolar disorder on brain function: A twin and family study

Cited by 6 publications

References 41 publications

Decreased Functional Connectivity in Insular Subregions in Depressive Episodes of Bipolar Disorder and Major Depressive Disorder

Decreased Functional Connectivity in Insular Subregions in Depressive Episodes of Bipolar Disorder and Major Depressive Disorder

The Risk for Schizophrenia–Bipolar Spectrum: Does the Apple Fall Close to the Tree? A Narrative Review

Brain Network Dysfunction in Bipolar Disorder: Evidence from Structural and Functional MRI Studies

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