In vivo serum concentration of vancomycin in antibiotic-loaded acrylic cement for the treatment and prevention of periprosthetic hip infection

Oe, Kenichi; Iida, Hiroya; Ueda, Narumi; Nakamura, Tomohisa; Okamoto, Naoya; Ueda, Yusuke

doi:10.1016/j.jos.2017.03.003

“…[ 81 ] A prospective study in humans measured a serum drug dose lower than the effective threshold in the first 6 months after implantation of vancomycin-loaded ALBC, regardless of the prevention or treatment dose used. [ 82 ] Based on these discoveries, it is necessary for ALBC to be applied in conjunction with systemic antibiotic treatment. (2) The risk of hepatic or renal defection should be considered.…”

Section: Clinical Applications Of Albcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress of antibiotic-loaded bone cement in joint arthroplasty

Xu

¹

,

Peng

²

,

Feng

³

et al. 2020

Chinese Medical Journal

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Bone cement, consisting of polymethyl methacrylate, is a bioinert material used for prothesis fixation in joint arthroplasty. To treat orthopedic infections, such as periprosthetic joint infection, antibiotic-loaded bone cement (ALBC) was introduced into clinical practice. Recent studies have revealed the limitations of the antibacterial effect of ALBC. Moreover, with the increase in high infection risk patients and highly resistant microbes, more researches and modification of ALBC are required. This paper reviewed latest findings about ALBC for most popular and destructive pathogens, summarized the influence of antibiotic kind, drug dosage, application method, and environment towards characteristic of ALBC. Subsequently, new cement additives and clinical applications of ALBC in joint arthroplasty were also discussed.

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“…Articulating spacers using metal-on-polyethylene yielded increased range of motion and fewer complications with similar infection control compared with other spacers 72 . Antimicrobials within cement spacers include vancomycin 73 , ceftazidime and fluconazole 74 , and teicoplanin 75 . However, caution must be taken when multiple antimicrobials are used [76][77][78] , as acute kidney injury can occur after the first stage, especially in patients with a higher body mass index (BMI), a lower hemoglobin level, and the presence of a comorbidity 79 .…”

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

What’s New in Musculoskeletal Infection

McLaren

¹

,

Nana²,

Chen

³

et al. 2018

The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery

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This Update on musculoskeletal infection presents a review of infection-related articles from 2017, from journals in the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) databases in the clinical areas of arthroplasty, orthopaedic oncology, orthopaedic trauma, pediatric orthopaedics, and hand surgery. Publications on infectious-disease topics that were relevant to orthopaedics, including antimicrobial prophylaxis (locally applied vancomycin powder), and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) guidelines on surgical site infection (SSI) prevention, published in 2017, were also reviewed. Methods Articles for review were selected by searching all journals in the NCBI databases for the infection-related terms "orthop(a)edic infection," "osteomyelitis," "bone infection," "implant infection," "fracture infection," "septic arthritis," and "biofilm" in combination with terms pertaining to clinical areas of interest: "arthroplasty," "orthop(a)edic oncology," "orthop(a)edic trauma," "fracture," "open fracture," "wound closure," "hand," "finger," "wrist," "child," "children," and "p(a)ediatric(s)." We also searched for "vancomycin powder," "local vancomycin," "intra-wound vancomycin," "intra-operative vancomycin," "intra-site vancomycin," and "topical vancomycin" in all NCBI database journals without associated clinical areaof-interest search terms. Reviewed were English-language papers that were published in 2017 and that reported infection as the topic of focus, the purpose of investigation, or the critical finding, as identified on a review of the title and abstract; we excluded papers that had infection as an incidental finding or were expert opinion. We used our editorial discretion to identify articles that are pertinent and relevant to the readership. A total of 378 articles were identified; 137 are reviewed. The vast majority of the studies were case reports and retrospective reviews, often without controls, that add observations and author experience to our knowledge base but do not provide strong evidence to direct practice. There were few prospective controlled trials or high-quality, large database studies with scientifically valid findings. Antimicrobial Prophylaxis Locally Applied Vancomycin Powder Recent retrospective series have demonstrated associations between the use of vancomycin powder prior to wound closure in spine surgery and reductions in SSI risk; prospective randomized controlled studies are still ongoing. The apparent success of topical vancomycin powder in preventing infection in spine surgery has raised the possibility of its benefit in other surgical fields, including those outside of orthopaedics. Additional studies have focused on the side-effects and impact of vancomycin powder use on the microbial etiology of infection. In the spine literature, 2 retrospective studies noted associations between vancomycin powder use and lower infection risk among surgical patients 1,2. With respect to other orthopaedic disciplines, the use of vancomycin powder was associated with a lower o...

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“…Articulating spacers using metal-on-polyethylene yielded increased range of motion and fewer complications with similar infection control compared with other spacers 72 . Antimicrobials within cement spacers include vancomycin 73 , ceftazidime and fluconazole 74 , and teicoplanin 75 . However, caution must be taken when multiple antimicrobials are used [76][77][78] , as acute kidney injury can occur after the first stage, especially in patients with a higher body mass index (BMI), a lower hemoglobin level, and the presence of a comorbidity 79 .…”

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%