An event of alternative splicing affects the expression of the  NTRC  gene, encoding NADPH-thioredoxin reductase C, in seed plants

Nájera, Victoria A.; González, María Eugenia Pérez; Pérez-Ruiz, Juan Manuel; Cejudo, Francisco Javier

doi:10.1016/j.plantsci.2017.02.001

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…We analysed the two isoforms and found that this gene showed an alternative 5′ splice site (Additional file 9 : Figure S8). Because the external environment can change the alternative splicing [ 52 ], we predicted that the MeJA changed the type of AS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Full-length transcriptome sequences and the identification of putative genes for flavonoid biosynthesis in safflower

et al. 2018

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BackgroundThe flower of the safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) has been widely used in traditional Chinese medicine for the ability to improve cerebral blood flow. Flavonoids are the primary bioactive components in safflower, and their biosynthesis has attracted widespread interest. Previous studies mostly used second-generation sequencing platforms to survey the putative flavonoid biosynthesis genes. For a better understanding of transcription data and the putative genes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis in safflower, we carry our study.ResultsHigh-quality RNA was extracted from six types of safflower tissue. The RNAs of different tissues were mixed equally and used for multiple size-fractionated libraries (1–2, 2–3 and 3-6 k) library construction. Five cells were carried (2 cells for 1–2 and for 2-3 k libraries and 1 cell for 3-6 k libraries). 10.43Gb clean data and 38,302 de-redundant sequences were captured. 44 unique isoforms were annotated as encoding enzymes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis. The full length flavonoid genes were characterized and their evolutional relationship and expressional pattern were analyzed. They can be divided into eight families, with a large differences in the tissue expression. The temporal expressions under MeJA treatment were also measured, 9 genes are significantly up-regulated and 2 genes are significantly down-regulated. The genes involved in flavonoid synthesis in safflower were predicted in our study. Besides, the SSR and lncRNA are also analyzed in our study.ConclusionsFull-length transcriptome sequences were used in our study. The genes involved in flavonoid synthesis in safflower were predicted in our study. Combined the determination of flavonoids, CtC4H2, CtCHS3, CtCHI3, CtF3H3, CtF3H1 are mainly participated in MeJA promoting the synthesis of flavonoids. Our results also provide a valuable resource for further study on safflower.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-018-4946-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Full-length transcriptome sequences and the identification of putative genes for flavonoid biosynthesis in safflower

et al. 2018

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“…This notion was modified by the discovery of NTRC, a novel NTR with a joint Trx domain at the C-terminus (Serrato et al, 2002, 2004). NTRC is exclusively found in organisms that perform oxygenic photosynthesis, namely plants, in which it is encoded by one or two genes, algae and some, but not all, cyanobacteria (Pascual et al, 2010; Nájera et al, 2017). In plants, NTRC shows localization in all types of plastids, either from photosynthetic or non-photosynthetic tissues (Kirchsteiger et al, 2012); however, it is a relatively abundant protein in chloroplasts where it shows stromal localization (Serrato et al, 2004; Moon et al, 2006; Pérez-Ruiz et al, 2009).…”

Section: Thiol-dependent Redox Regulation In Plant Chloroplastsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chloroplast Redox Regulatory Mechanisms in Plant Adaptation to Light and Darkness

et al. 2019

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Light is probably the most important environmental stimulus for plant development. As sessile organisms, plants have developed regulatory mechanisms that allow the rapid adaptation of their metabolism to changes in light availability. Redox regulation based on disulfide-dithiol exchange constitutes a rapid and reversible post-translational modification, which affects protein conformation and activity. This regulatory mechanism was initially discovered in chloroplasts when it was identified that enzymes of the Calvin-Benson cycle (CBC) are reduced and active during the day and become rapidly inactivated by oxidation in the dark. At present, the large number of redox-sensitive proteins identified in chloroplasts extend redox regulation far beyond the CBC. The classic pathway of redox regulation in chloroplasts establishes that ferredoxin (Fdx) reduced by the photosynthetic electron transport chain fuels reducing equivalents to the large set of thioredoxins (Trxs) of this organelle via the activity of a Fdx-dependent Trx reductase (FTR), hence linking redox regulation to light. In addition, chloroplasts harbor an NADPH-dependent Trx reductase with a joint Trx domain, termed NTRC. The presence in chloroplasts of this NADPH-dependent redox system raises the question of the functional relationship between NTRC and the Fdx-FTR-Trx pathways. Here, we update the current knowledge of these two redox systems focusing on recent evidence showing their functional interrelationship through the action of the thiol-dependent peroxidase, 2-Cys peroxiredoxin (2-Cys Prx). The relevant role of 2-Cys Prxs in chloroplast redox homeostasis suggests that hydrogen peroxide may exert a key function to control the redox state of stromal enzymes. Indeed, recent reports have shown the participation of 2-Cys Prxs in enzyme oxidation in the dark, thus providing an explanation for the long-lasting question of photosynthesis deactivation during the light-dark transition.

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“…More recently, an NADPH-dependent Trx reductase (NTR) with a joint Trx at the C terminus, termed NTRC, was identified (Serrato et al, 2004). NTRC is exclusive of oxygenic photosynthetic organisms (Pascual et al, 2010;Ná jera et al, 2017) and shows plastid localization in plants (Serrato et al, 2004;Moon et al, 2006;Kirchsteiger et al, 2012). NTRC displays high affinity for NADPH (Bernal-Bayard et al, 2012), thereby allowing the use of this nucleotide for chloroplast redox homeostasis (Spínola et al, 2008;Cejudo et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

2-Cys Peroxiredoxins Participate in the Oxidation of Chloroplast Enzymes in the Dark

2018

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Most redox-regulated chloroplast enzymes are reduced during the day and oxidized during the night. While the reduction mechanism of light-dependent enzymes is well known, the mechanism mediating their oxidation in the dark remains unknown. The thiol-dependent peroxidases, 2-Cys peroxiredoxins (Prxs), play a key role in light-dependent reduction of chloroplast enzymes. Prxs transfer reducing equivalents of thiols to hydrogen peroxide, suggesting the participation of these peroxidases in enzyme oxidation in the dark. Here, we have addressed this issue by analyzing the redox state of well-known redox-regulated chloroplast enzymes in response to darkness in Arabidopsis thaliana mutants deficient in chloroplastlocalized Prxs (2-Cys Prxs A and B, Prx IIE, and Prx Q). Mutant plants lacking 2-Cys Prxs A and B, and plants overexpressing NADPH-dependent thioredoxin (Trx) reductase C showed delayed oxidation of chloroplast enzymes in the dark. In contrast, the deficiencies of Prx IIE or Prx Q exerted no effect. In vitro assays allowed the reconstitution of the pathway of reducing equivalents from reduced fructose 1,6bisphosphatase to hydrogen peroxide mediated by Trxs and 2-Cys Prxs. Taken together, these results suggest that 2-Cys Prxs participate in the short-term oxidation of chloroplast enzymes in the dark.

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An event of alternative splicing affects the expression of the NTRC gene, encoding NADPH-thioredoxin reductase C, in seed plants

Cited by 12 publications

References 41 publications

Full-length transcriptome sequences and the identification of putative genes for flavonoid biosynthesis in safflower

Full-length transcriptome sequences and the identification of putative genes for flavonoid biosynthesis in safflower

Chloroplast Redox Regulatory Mechanisms in Plant Adaptation to Light and Darkness

2-Cys Peroxiredoxins Participate in the Oxidation of Chloroplast Enzymes in the Dark

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