Energy Storage during Compression of Metal–Organic Frameworks

Abstract

Practical applications of metal-organic framework (MOF) materials require an in-depth understanding of their mechanical properties. We have investigated the mechanical properties and energy absorption behavior of single crystals of four isostructural UiO-type MOFs under uniaxial compression. In situ nanocompression experiments were used to measure the mechanical behavior of individual MOF nanocrystals under compression within a transmission electron microscope. The plasticity and endothermicity during deformation of MOFs shows a surprising potential for absorption and dissipation of mechanical shock. At compressive stress below 2 GPa, relatively small amounts of energy (<0.3 kJ/g) are absorbed by the compression of these MOFs. As the stress was increased, however, the energy absorption was significantly enhanced. Above 2 GPa, the energy absorption typically reaches 3-4 kJ/g; for comparison, the energy release in the explosion of TNT is ∼4 kJ/g. Gram for gram, MOFs can absorb as much energy as a high explosive can release.

Mechanical properties of metal–organic frameworks

“…60 Suslick also conducted experiments to determine the energy storage of UiO-66 upon compression, revealing that MOFs may have potential applications as mechanical shock absorbers or dissipators. 61 Experimental evidence of the impact of defects on the compression of UiO-66 was reported by Dissegna et al, corroborating Coudert's ndings that increasing defect density generally yields a lower bulk modulus. 62 By conducting these experiments in a water-lled cell rather than a traditional DAC, the pressure control at low pressures is exceptionally precise, allowing for measurements in 25 MPa intervals from 0-4 GPa.…”

Mechanical Properties in Metal–Organic Frameworks: Emerging Opportunities and Challenges for Device Functionality and Technological Applications

“…The promising device performances of ZIF‐8 and CuBTC MOFs during bending tests hint that their elasticity may make them suitable for flexible electronics, which is attractive given the growing demand for small and robust sensors for applications such as distributed sensor networks and wearable technologies. We are also intrigued by recent prospects of MOFs for shock absorption and dissipation applications, including an exciting recent study that showed the per gram energy absorption for UiO‐type MOFs at compressive stresses greater than 2 GPa is similar to the amount of energy that is released in the explosion of trinitrotoluene (TNT) …”

Caveolin‐1: An Oxidative Stress‐Related Target for Cancer Prevention

“…Cav-1, the major structural protein of caveolae, functions as scaffolding protein [21] regulating multiple physiological processes including caveola biogenesis, vesicular transport, cholesterol homeostasis, and signal transduction [22]. Recently, Cav-1 has been demonstrated to be closely involved in tumorigenesis and development, affecting the proliferation [23, 24], survival [25, 26], apoptosis [27, 28], migration [29, 30], invasion [24, 31], metastasis [32, 33], autophagy [34, 35], transformation [36], anoikis [37, 38], and chemotherapy resistance [39, 40] processes of cancer cells. Cav-1 is generally regarded as a tumor suppressor, and studies have implicated loss of Cav-1 in the pathogenesis and progression of multiple human cancers [41–44].…”