Insect deterrent and nematicidal screening of microfungi from Mexico and anti-aphid compounds from Gliomastix masseei

Abstract

Fungal metabolites are promising alternatives for the development of biorational pesticides. In this sense, microfungi from tropical regions are valuable sources of natural compounds for pest management. With the aim of broadening the search for new eco-friendly products to manage plant pests, this study was carried out to evaluate the biological activity of 23 tropical fungal extracts on three species of phytophagous insects and a plant parasitic nematode. In addition, the active principles of the most effective extract were identified. The insect deterrent activity of fungal extracts was evaluated on the settling of aphids Myzus persicae and Rhopalosiphum padi, and on the feeding of lepidoptera larva Spodoptera littoralis; the nematostatic activity was evaluated on the mobility of Meloidogyne javanica. Active metabolites from Gliomastix masseei were identified by GC-MS techniques and by comparison with commercial standards. Results showed seven extracts with strong effect on the settling of M. persicae and R. padi (settling inhibition >80%). The calculated median of effective concentration (EC) values ranged from 8 to 38μg/cm for the extracts of Clonostachys rosea and G. masseei, respectively. Bioassay-guided separation of the ethyl acetate extract of G. masseei revealed the presence of fatty acids and their derivatives, where methyl 9-octadecenoate was the most active compound with EC values of 16μg and 35μg/cm for M. persicae and R. padi, respectively. Extracts of C. rosea and G. masseei could be a promising option in the control of pest aphids in agriculture.

Fissistigma oldhamii (Hemsl.) Merr.: Ethnomedicinal, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacological Aspects

“…The major product, oleamide (59), can be found in other seed essential oils; it is a strong antioxidant with marked superoxide-anionscavenging capability [84]. Methyl 9-octadecenoate is a compound known for its insect deterrent activity and is most active against the settling of the aphids Myzus persicae and Rhopalosiphum padi (EC 50 = 16 µg and 35 µg/cm 2 , respectively) [85]. Hexadecanoic acid and its methyl ester are also known as larvicidal products.…”

Actividad Antimicrobiana De Extractos Obtenidos De La Interacción Dual Entre Micromicetos Saprobios

“…La cepa A. masseii CICY029 posee propiedades disuasorias contra los insectos chupadores Myzus persicae y Rhopalosiphum padi. Este efecto se demostró que fue por los ácidos grasos identificados como ácido hexadecanoico, ácido octadecanoico, ácido 9-octadecenoico y el ácido 9,12octadecadienoico, así como por sus esteres hexadecanoato de metilo y el 9-octodeceanoato de metilo (Ruiz-Jiménez et al, 2017).…”

“…En investigaciones previas en la búsqueda de alternativas naturales en el control de organismos fito y zoopatógenos, se aislaron micromicetos de suelos tropicales y sub-tropicales, los cuales se evaluaron en ensayos antimicrobianos, insecticidas y/o nematicidas (Reyes-Estebanez et al, 2008;Ruiz-Jiménez et al, 2017) (Reyes-Estebanez et al, 2008;; así como Acremonium masseei CICY029 el cual demostró alta actividad insecticida contra Myzus persicae (Ruiz-Jiménez et al, 2017). En estos estudios, los micromicetos individuales se cultivaron en los medios líquidos de caldo de papa dextrosa, Czapek-dox-extracto de levadura (Reyes-Estebanez et al, 2008) Además, el perfil químico de los extractos obtenidos de la interacción dual con mayor actividad antimicrobiana y los respectivos cultivos individuales se analizaron por cromatografía de gases acoplado a espectrometría de masas.…”

Insights into the Chemical Diversity of Selected Fungi from the Tza Itzá Cenote of the Yucatan Peninsula

“…Such studies have focused on the biological activity of extracts, exhibiting a high percentage of hits (∼81%). About half of the extracts showed varied activities, including insecticidal and nematoxic. − To date, the only formal chemical study reported from a fungal strain isolated from plant litter submerged in a sinkhole in Merida, Yucatan, led to the discovery of the novel hexahydroacremonintriol. This compound showed moderate insecticidal activity against phytophagous Myzus persicae , and Rhopalosiphum padi.…”