Gene-Environment Interactions in Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Pietropaolo, Susanna; Crusio, Wim E.; Feldon, Joram

doi:10.1155/2017/9272804

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Genotype-by-environment interactions are increasingly established in the field of developmental psychopathology (Kim and Leventhal, 2015;Pietropaolo et al, 2017;Pinto et al, 2015;Schaafsma, S.M. et al, 2017) and are likely in ADHD as well (Nigg et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroinflammation as a risk factor for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Dunn

Nigg

Sullivan

2019

Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior

189

113

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Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent, persistent, and impairing pediatric-onset neurodevelopmental condition. Its high prevalence, and the enduring controversy over its widespread treatment, drive strong scientific and community interest in its etiology and mechanisms. The etiology is complex with multiple genetic and environmental factors contributing to risk. Emerging evidence for a role for neuroinflammation in ADHD pathophysiology is of great interest. While still limited, this evidence includes 1) the above-chance comorbidity of ADHD with inflammatory and autoimmune disorders, 2) initial studies indicating an association with ADHD and increased serum cytokines, 3) preliminary evidence from genetic studies demonstrating associations between polymorphisms in genes associated with inflammatory pathways and ADHD, 4) emerging evidence that early life exposure to a number of environmental risk factors may increase risk for ADHD via an inflammatory mechanism, and 5) mechanistic evidence from animal models of maternal immune activation documenting behavioral and neural outcomes consistent with ADHD. Prenatal exposure to inflammation is associated with changes in offspring brain development including reductions in cortical gray matter volume and the volume of certain cortical areas -parallel to observations associated with ADHD. Alterations in neurotransmitter systems, including the dopaminergic, serotonergic and glutamatergic systems, are observed in ADHD populations. Animal models provide strong evidence that the development and function of these neurotransmitters systems are sensitive to exposure to in utero inflammation. In summary, accumulating evidence from human studies and animal models, while still incomplete, support a potential role for neuroinflammation in the pathophysiology of ADHD. Confirmation of this association and the underlying mechanisms have become valuable targets for research. If confirmed, such a picture may be important in opening new intervention routes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroinflammation as a risk factor for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Dunn

Nigg

Sullivan

2019

Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior

189

113

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“…The dynamic perspective in developmental psychology has special relevance when studying children with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDDs), as it can impact interventions to improve functioning (van Loo & Martens ; Pietropaolo et al . ). Genetic causes have been identified for some IDDs, so understanding how genetic constraints interact with environmental and contextual factors is important to explain the developmental outcomes (Karmiloff‐Smith et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Developmental trajectories of children with Down syndrome by socio‐economic status: the case of Latin America

Arango

Aparicio

Tenorio

2018

J intellect Disabil Res

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The results indicate that SES is a factor that could impact the developmental trajectories of children with DS. Although the differences between children with DS and with TD are similar at the beginning regardless of SES, the developmental trajectories are slower in children with DS of low SES than in children of high SES. We argue that the differences are related to the complex interaction of several biological and cultural factors associated with SES. Some specific hypotheses about nutrition, health care access, quality of education and parenting practices are presented, but more research in this area is needed to fully understand these results.

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“…Environmental factors [7], including nutrition [8], play a significant role in neurodevelopmental disorders. Particularly, children with ADHD [9] and ASD [10] are characterized by an impaired nutritional status.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnesium Status in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and/or Autism Spectrum Disorder

Skalny

Mazaletskaya

Ajsuvakova

et al. 2020

J Korean Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry

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The objective of this study was to assess serum, hair, and urinary magnesium (Mg) levels in children with attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and both ASD and ADHD to reveal potential interactive effects. Methods: A total of 148 boys aged 4-9 years old were enrolled in this study, including 44 children with ADHD, 40 pediatric patients with ASD, 32 patients with both ADHD and ASD, as well as 32 healthy neurotypical children. Hair, serum, and urinary Mg levels were assessed using inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Laboratory quality control was performed using certified reference materials of human hair, plasma, and urine. Results: No significant group difference in serum Mg levels was observed. Mg content in hair was found to be reduced in children with ADHD and ADHD+ASD compared to that in healthy controls by 11% and 15%, respectively. Urinary Mg levels in children with ADHD+ASD exceeded the control, ADHD, and ASD values by 51, 76, and 65%, respectively. Factorial analysis revealed significant contribution of ADHD to hair and urinary Mg levels. Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that hair and urinary Mg levels were considered as significant predictors of neurodevelopmental disorder complexity. Conclusion: We propose that impaired Mg status may provide a link between ADHD and ASD.

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Gene-Environment Interactions in Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Neuroinflammation as a risk factor for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Neuroinflammation as a risk factor for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Developmental trajectories of children with Down syndrome by socio‐economic status: the case of Latin America

Magnesium Status in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and/or Autism Spectrum Disorder

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