A retrospective study of viral central nervous system infections: relationship amongst aetiology, clinical course and outcome

Abstract

Two main clinical entities with different epidemiology, clinical aspects and prognosis may be identified within the group of viral CNS inefctions.

Detection of central nervous system viral infections in adults in Manado, North Sulawesi, Indonesia

“…Fifth, MRI which is more sensitive than CT, was not performed under resource-limited healthcare settings. Sixth, the prevalence of etiological agents detected in this study might be low compared with other studies [25,26,28,29,47], possibly due to the different molecular tools used (pan-family vs virus-specific PCR/RT-PCR) and case selection methods (suspected CNS infection vs encephalitis/meningoencephalitis only). Seventh, with a small sample size, our conclusions on viral etiology might not be statistically significant.…”

“…In spite of the small sample size, the finding of HSV-1 as the predominantly identified virus in this study was consistent with others from Vietnam [22], India [23], Norway [24], and Poland [25], while other studies in Vietnam [26] and Thailand [27] reported JEV as the most common identified viral cause of CNS infection. Furthermore, recent studies in China [28] and Italy [29] found EV as the primary identified viral pathogen causing CNS diseases. In this study, the case fatality of those with viral etiology (57.1%) was substantially higher than in the region [30,31], with the majority (62.5%) associated with HSV-1.…”

Cerebrospinal fluid features in adults with enteroviral nervous system infection

“…An infection of the meninges results in an uncharacteristic headache usually accompanied by fever and neck stiffness. Moreover, enteroviruses have been suggested to cause up to 9% of all viral encephalitis cases (Calleri et al, 2017;Frantzidou et al, 2008;Hong et al, 2014) resulting in an altered mental status and focal neurological signs.…”

Analysis of Patients with Central Nervous System Infection at Our Clinic: Five-year Results

“…Most cases of community-acquired acute bacterial meningitis are caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis, Haemophilus influenzae, Listeria monocytogenes, and group B streptococci [4] . Enteroviruses, herpesviruses, adenovirus, rhinovirus, human immunodeficiency virus, influenza, mumps, lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, and arboviruses are the most common agents in the etiology of acute viral meningitis and meningoencephalitis [5] . Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examination is essential for diagnosis.…”