Effect of Hops Derived Prenylated Phenols on TNF-α Induced Barrier Dysfunction in Intestinal Epithelial Cells

Abstract

For the prenylated hops phenols 6- and 8-prenylnaringenin (1 and 2), xanthohumol (3), and isoxanthohumol (4), a variety of biological activities has been described. In the current study, a transwell based in vitro model using the human intestinal epithelial cell line Caco-2 was developed to assess potential beneficial effects of compounds 1-4 on TNF-α-induced impairment of tight junction (TJ) permeability. Transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) was measured using the latest cellZScope online monitoring device. TNF-α treatment (25 ng/mL) induced a significant decrease in TEER values (204.71 ± 4.57 at 72 h) compared to that in control values (245.94 ± 1.68 at 72 h). To determine preventive effects on TNF-α-induced impairment of TJ permeability, 1-4 were added to the apical compartment of Caco-2 monolayers 1 h before TNF-α treatment; afterward, TNF-α was added to the basolateral compartment to induce TJ dysfunction and incubated for a further 72 h. Using this setting, only 1 and 2 prevented epithelial disruption induced by TNF-α. To evaluate restorative effects of 1-4, TNF-α was added to the basolateral compartment of Caco-2 cell monolayers. After 48 h of incubation, 1-4 were added to the apical side, and TEER values were monitored online for a further 72 h. Under these experimental conditions, only 2 restored TNF-α induced barrier dysfunction.

Microbial tryptophan metabolites regulate gut barrier function via the aryl hydrocarbon receptor

“…S3). This sinuous phenotype, which was previously reported (40), is likely due to an increased contractility of the actin cytoskeleton as indicated by increased colocalization of F-actin with TJ proteins (SI Appendix, Fig. S3 C and H).…”

Phenols and Melanoidins as Natural Antioxidants in Beer. Structure, Reactivity and Antioxidant Activity

“…Xanthohumol displays many bioactive effects such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, hypoglycemic, and anti-obesity [32,33]. In particular, this compound is effective against different types of cancer [30] among which are: breast [34], ovarian [34], prostate [35], of colon [36] and pancreas [37] as well as being effective against leukemia [38] and protecting DNA against oxidative damage [39]. With a xanthohumol content of around 200 mg/L, beer is the principal source of this molecule in the human diet [33,40].…”

Gastrointestinal Digestion of a Grape Pomace Extract: Impact on Intestinal Barrier Permeability and Interaction with Gut Microbiome

“…Similarly, Yang and collaborators [ 46 ] demonstrated that grape seed extract reduced permeability via the recovery of AMPK under inflammatory conditions. Many studies suggest that polyphenols act on the NF-κβ signalling pathway, one of the most important mediators of inflammatory status [ 43 , 47 , 48 ].…”