One species for one island? Unexpected diversity and weak connectivity in a widely distributed tropical hydrozoan

Postaire, Bautisse; Gélin, Pauline; Bruggemann, J. Henrich; Magalon, Hélène

doi:10.1038/hdy.2016.126

Cited by 25 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…In spite of the low dispersal capability of this species, a certain degree of gene flow seems to take place, according to the assignment tests, which directly detected two first‐generation migrants between the two closest population samples of GNN and GNS, and from the existence of few individuals of mixed origin in the Adriatic samples (Figure ). Interestingly, and similarly to what was observed in other species (Casado‐Amezùa et al, ; Postaire, Gélin, Bruggemann, & Magalon, ), this gene flow must be strong enough to maintain a significant correlation between geographical and genetic distances but limited enough to prevent genetic homogenization.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

“…Notably, most of them are brooding corals whose larvae typically settle within few days after planulation. A similar level of differentiation and an IBD pattern were detected in a brooding species, the hydrozoan Lytocarpia brevirostris , in the Western Indian Ocean and New Caledonia (Postaire et al, ). Similarly, the coral‐excavating sponge, Cliona delitrix , which broods and releases short‐lived larvae, exhibits strong genetic differentiation in the Caribbean Sea and in the Atlantic (Chaves‐Fonnegra, Feldheim, Secord, & Lopez, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

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A population genomics insight by 2b‐RAD reveals populations' uniqueness along the Italian coastline in Leptopsammia pruvoti (Scleractinia, Dendrophylliidae)

Boscari

Abbiati

Badalamenti

et al. 2019

Diversity and Distributions

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Aim Marine bioconstructions such as coralligenous formations are hotspot of biodiversity and play a relevant ecological role in the preservation of biodiversity by providing carbon regulation, protection and nursery areas for several marine species. For this reason, the European Union Habitat Directive included them among priority habitats to be preserved. Although their ecological role is well established, connectivity patterns are still poorly investigated, representing a limit in conservation planning. The present study pioneers a novel approach for the analysis of connectivity in marine bioconstructor species, which often lack suitable genetic markers, by taking advantage of next‐generation sequencing techniques. We assess the geographical patterns of genomic variation of the sunset cup coral Leptopsammia pruvoti Lacaze‐Duthiers, 1897, an ahermatypic, non‐zooxanthellate and solitary scleractinian coral species common in coralligenous habitats and distributed across the Mediterranean Sea. Location The Italian coastline (Western and Central Mediterranean). Methods We applied the restriction site‐associated 2b‐RAD approach to genotype over 1,000 high‐quality and filtered single nucleotide polymorphisms in 10 population samples. Results The results revealed the existence of a strongly supported genetic structure, with highly significant pairwise FST values between all the population samples, including those collected about 5 km apart from each other. Moreover, genomic data indicate that the strongest barriers to gene flow are between the western (Ligurian–Tyrrhenian Sea) and the eastern side (Adriatic Sea) of the Italian peninsula. Main conclusions The strong differentiation found in L. pruvoti is similar to that found in other species of marine bioconstructors investigated in this area, but it strongly contrasts with the small differences found in many fish and invertebrates at the same geographical scale. All in one, our results highlight the importance of assessing connectivity in species belonging to coralligenous habitats as, due to their limited dispersal ability, they might require specific spatial conservation measures.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

A population genomics insight by 2b‐RAD reveals populations' uniqueness along the Italian coastline in Leptopsammia pruvoti (Scleractinia, Dendrophylliidae)

Boscari

Abbiati

Badalamenti

et al. 2019

Diversity and Distributions

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“…To complement and confirm previous work on the population connectivity of marine hydrozoans (Darling & Folino‐Rorem, ; Postaire et al., ), intensive sampling of M. phoenicea α populations was conducted in the Western Indian Ocean and the Tropical Southwestern Pacific. The aims were to (i) investigate the structure and connectivity of M. phoenicea α populations using microsatellites (Postaire et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Active dispersal in this family is thought to be limited and only achieved via spermatozoids and mature larvae (Schuchert, ; Winston, ), an assumption that was confirmed using microsatellite data for a single morpho‐species, Lytocarpia brevirostris (Busk, 1852), in a recent study centered on the Western Indian Ocean (Postaire et al ., ). Similar results were obtained in a study of the genetic connectivity of populations on the globally invasive hydrozoan Cordylophora Allman, 1844, using microsatellites but with a geographically and ecologically more limited sampling centered on the North American Great Lakes basin (Darling & Folino‐Rorem, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Population differentiation or species formation across the Indian and the Pacific Oceans? An example from the brooding marine hydrozoan Macrorhynchia phoenicea

Postaire

Gélin

Bruggemann

et al. 2017

Ecology and Evolution

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Assessing population connectivity is necessary to construct effective marine protected areas. This connectivity depends, among other parameters, inherently on species dispersal capacities. Isolation by distance (IBD) is one of the main modes of differentiation in marine species, above all in species presenting low dispersal abilities. This study reports the genetic structuring in the tropical hydrozoan Macrorhynchia phoenicea α (sensu Postaire et al., 2016a), a brooding species, from 30 sampling sites in the Western Indian Ocean and the Tropical Southwestern Pacific, using 15 microsatellite loci. At the local scale, genet dispersal relied on asexual propagation at short distance, which was not found at larger scales. Considering one representative per clone, significant positive FIS values (from −0.327*** to 0.411***) were found within almost all sites. Gene flow was extremely low at all spatial scales, among sites within islands (<10 km distance) and among islands (100 to >11,000 km distance), with significant pairwise FST values (from 0.035*** to 0.645***). A general pattern of IBD was found at the Indo‐Pacific scale, but also within ecoregions in the Western Indian Ocean province. Clustering and network analyses identified each island as a potential independent population, while analysis of molecular variance indicated that population genetic differentiation was significant at small (within island) and intermediate (among islands within province) spatial scales. As shown by this species, a brooding life cycle might be corollary of the high population differentiation found in some coastal marine species, thwarting regular dispersal at distances more than a few kilometers and probably leading to high cryptic diversity, each island housing independent evolutionary lineages.

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“…Also, exploring the species diversity of the hydrozoans from the Aglaopheniidae family, Postaire, Magalon, Bourmaud, and Bruggemann (2016) revealed extensive lineage diversity and cryptic species in two common species, Lytocarpia brevirostris and Macrorhynchia phoenicea . Then, studying the connectivity of one of the cryptic species within the L. brevirostris complex using microsatellites, Postaire, Gélin, Bruggemann, and Magalon (2017) found a high genetic differentiation among populations, each island housing an independent evolutionary lineage, probably representing different species. In fine , two populations that have diverged enough can be considered as distinct units (e.g., species) on which, several studies, for example, genetic structuring and connectivity, environmental responses in face of perturbation, and conservation plan, will be set up.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From population connectivity to the art of striping Russian dolls: the lessons from Pocillopora corals

Gélin

Fauvelot

Bigot

et al. 2017

Ecology and Evolution

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Here, we examined the genetic variability in the coral genus Pocillopora, in particular within the Primary Species Hypothesis PSH09, identified by Gélin, Postaire, Fauvelot and Magalon (2017) using species delimitation methods [also named Pocillopora eydouxi/meandrina complex sensu, Schmidt‐Roach, Miller, Lundgren, & Andreakis (2014)] and which was found to split into three secondary species hypotheses (SSH09a, SSH09b, and SSH09c) according to assignment tests using multi‐locus genotypes (13 microsatellites). From a large sampling (2,507 colonies) achieved in three marine provinces [Western Indian Ocean (WIO), Tropical Southwestern Pacific (TSP), and Southeast Polynesia (SEP)], genetic structuring analysis conducted with two clustering analyses (structure and DAPC) using 13 microsatellites revealed that SSH09a was restricted to the WIO while SSH09b and SSH09c were almost exclusively in the TSP and SEP. More surprisingly, each SSH split into two to three genetically differentiated clusters, found in sympatry at the reef scale, leading to a pattern of nested hierarchical levels (PSH > SSH > cluster), each level hiding highly differentiated genetic groups. Thus, rather than structured populations within a single species, these three SSHs, and even the eight clusters, likely represent distinct genetic lineages engaged in a speciation process or real species. The issue is now to understand which hierarchical level (SSH, cluster, or even below) corresponds to the species one. Several hypotheses are discussed on the processes leading to this pattern of mixed clusters in sympatry, evoking formation of reproductive barriers, either by allopatric speciation or habitat selection.

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One species for one island? Unexpected diversity and weak connectivity in a widely distributed tropical hydrozoan

Cited by 25 publications

References 91 publications

A population genomics insight by 2b‐RAD reveals populations' uniqueness along the Italian coastline in Leptopsammia pruvoti (Scleractinia, Dendrophylliidae)

A population genomics insight by 2b‐RAD reveals populations' uniqueness along the Italian coastline in Leptopsammia pruvoti (Scleractinia, Dendrophylliidae)

Population differentiation or species formation across the Indian and the Pacific Oceans? An example from the brooding marine hydrozoan Macrorhynchia phoenicea

From population connectivity to the art of striping Russian dolls: the lessons from Pocillopora corals

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