Lifewide profile of cytokine production by innate and adaptive immune cells from Brazilian individuals

Abstract

BackgroundImmunosenescence is associated with several changes in adaptive and innate immune cells. Altered cytokine production is among the most prominent of these changes. The impact of age-related alterations on cytokine global profiles produced by distinct populations of leukocytes from healthy Brazilian individuals was studied. We analysed frequencies of cytokine-producing lymphocytes and innate immune cells from individuals at several ages spanning a lifetime period (0–85 years).ResultsHealthy adult individuals presented a balanced profile suggestive of a mature immune system with equal contributions of both innate and adaptive immunity and of both categories of cytokines (inflammatory and regulatory). In healthy newborns and elderly, innate immune cells, especially neutrophils and NK-cells, contributed the most to a balanced profile of cytokines.ConclusionsOur results support the hypothesis that ageing is not associated with a progressive pro-inflammatory cytokine production by all leukocytes but rather with distinct fluctuations in the frequency of cytokine-producing cells throughout life.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12979-017-0084-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Hypertension Is Associated With Intestinal Microbiota Dysbiosis and Inflammation in a Brazilian Population

“…To further deepen the contribution of these cytokines, individuals were stratified in carriers of either low or high cytokine producers taking the global median of the cytokine index as the cut-off (Figure 4; please see the section "Materials and Methods" for the functional cytokine signature analysis), as previously reported (Luiza-Silva et al, 2011; Campi-Azevedo et al, 2012;Silveira-Nunes et al, 2017). When considering the frequency of high cytokine producers, a relevant production (i.e., more than 50% of individuals were high producers) was only found in the HBP group for TNF-α and IL-6 ( Figure 4B).…”

Inflammaging in Endemic Areas for Infectious Diseases

“…Such process occurs heterogeneously among individuals, and it is well established that not all elderly have dysfunctional immunity, infections, chronic diseases, and frailty ( 24 , 71 , 72 ). Indeed, innate immune responses have been increasingly recognized for their adaptation to senescence and for their profound impact on health and longevity ( 24 , 51 ). The immune remodeling is specially involved with the innate compartment.…”

“…Although there is an increase in the frequency of cells that produce pro-inflammatory cytokines in the healthy elderly, a parallel rise in the frequency of regulatory cells could also be observed suggesting that a remodeling process takes place. IL-10-producing neutrophils and monocytes contribute to a balanced cytokine profile in these individuals ( 51 ).…”

“…Indeed, according to this view, we have proposed that the body resources are continuously optimized and balanced, and successful immunosenescence consists of a potentially dynamic process of remodeling that depends on the individual's immunobiography ( 35 ). This lifelong remodeling process appears to be non-linear, as distinct fluctuations in the frequency of cytokine-producing cells throughout life was observed ( 51 ), mirroring the complex undulating changes of the blood proteome throughout life ( 43 ).…”

Effectiveness of probiotics in the management of inflammatory arthritis: a systematic review protocol

“…Can be predictive for an individual's response to therapeutic interventions, as the marker may be directly involved in disease pathogenesis. 101 Age and gender 103,104 Investigations suggest cytokines correlate with patient's function , serum markers of inflammation and composite measures in RA and AS. New Validated minimal clinical differences that result in meaningful change for patients and identify response to treatment for each outcome measure will be discussed in greater detail in the results section.…”