Occurrence of putative virulence genes on<i>Arcobacter butzleri</i>isolated from three different environmental sites throughout the dairy chain

Piva, Silvia; Gariano, Grazia; Bonilauri, Paolo; Giacometti, Federica; Decastelli, Lucia; Florio, Daniela; Massella, Elisa; Serraino, Andrea

doi:10.1111/jam.13403

Cited by 13 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…In agreement with our data, six of these genes, i.e., ciaB, cj1349, cadF, tlyA, pldA, and mviN, have been detected most frequently in A. butzleri strains isolated from various sources, with prevalences ranging from 66 to 100% [11,23,[25][26][27][28][29][30][31]. We found hecB, hecA and irgA less frequently and at lower rates as compared to other reports [11,23,25,27,29,31,32]. The least frequently detected gene in our survey was irgA, which is in line with other studies [11,26,27,33], although irgA rates of 25-46% have also been reported [23,25,29,31].…”

Section: Virulence Genessupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Our study revealed the abundance of ten putative virulence genes with homologies to virulence factors of other bacteria, particularly C. jejuni. In agreement with our data, six of these genes, i.e., ciaB, cj1349, cadF, tlyA, pldA, and mviN, have been detected most frequently in A. butzleri strains isolated from various sources, with prevalences ranging from 66 to 100% [11,23,[25][26][27][28][29][30][31]. We found hecB, hecA and irgA less frequently and at lower rates as compared to other reports [11,23,25,27,29,31,32].…”

Section: Virulence Genessupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The least frequently detected gene in our survey was irgA, which is in line with other studies [11,26,27,33], although irgA rates of 25-46% have also been reported [23,25,29,31]. The presence of iroE has rarely been investigated with prevalences of 17-60% [11,23,26,27], which is slightly higher than the detected 13% in our study. Nevertheless, considering all studies published hecB, hecA, irgA, and iroE appear to be less common in A. butzleri.…”

Section: Virulence Genessupporting

confidence: 91%

“…We found hecB, hecA and irgA less frequently and at lower rates as compared to other reports [11,23,25,27,29,31,32]. The least frequently detected gene in our survey was irgA, which is in line with other studies [11,26,27,33], although irgA rates of 25-46% have also been reported [23,25,29,31]. The presence of iroE has rarely been investigated with prevalences of 17-60% [11,23,26,27], which is slightly higher than the detected 13% in our study.…”

Section: Virulence Genescontrasting

confidence: 58%

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Characterization of Arcobacter strains isolated from human stool samples: results from the prospective German prevalence study Arcopath

et al. 2020

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Background: Arcobacter constitute emerging food-and waterborne pathogens causing gastroenteritis in humans, but the underlying mechanisms are only incompletely understood. We therefore characterized Arcobacter isolates derived from human stool samples that had been collected during a prospective prevalence study in Germany in vitro. Thirty-six bacterial isolates belonging to the species A. butzleri (n = 24), A. cryaerophilus (n = 10) and A. lanthieri (n = 2) were genotyped by ERIC-PCR, the presence of 10 putative virulence genes was assessed and cytotoxic effects on the human intestinal cell line HT-29/B6 were analyzed applying the WST-assay. Results: Genotyping revealed high genetic diversity within the species A. butzleri, A. cryaerophilus and A. lanthieri. Both, A. butzleri and A. lanthieri encoded for a large number of putative virulence genes, while fewer genes were detectable in A. cryaerophilus isolates. Notably, the three cytolethal distending toxin (CDT) genes cdtA, cdtB and cdtC were abundant in both A. lanthieri isolates. Furthermore, all A. butzleri and A. lanthieri, but only one of the A. cryaerophilus isolates exerted cytotoxic effects. Conclusions: Our study provides evidence for the abundance of putative virulence genes in Arcobacter isolates and prominent cytotoxic effects of A. butzleri and A. lanthieri in vitro. The presence of cdtA, cdtB, cdtC in A. lanthieri points towards CDT secretion as potential mechanism underlying cytotoxicity as opposed to A. butzleri. However, the association of the Arcobacter virulence factors detected and human morbidity should be addressed in future studies.

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Section: Virulence Genessupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Virulence Genessupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Virulence Genessupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Virulence Genescontrasting

confidence: 58%

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Characterization of Arcobacter strains isolated from human stool samples: results from the prospective German prevalence study Arcopath

et al. 2020

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“…having the potential to adhere to and invade several cell lines including human intestinal epithelial cells causing cytotoxicity Levican et al, 2013c;Ferreira et al, 2015;Karadas et al, 2016). Putative virulence genes have been identified in various Arcobacter species/strains in numerous studies (Douidah et al, 2012;Levican et al, 2013c;Ferreira et al, 2015;Girbau et al, 2015;Piva et al, 2017). Further work is required to better understand the relationship between these putative virulence markers and human clinical outcomes, though some tantalizing evidence suggests that Arcobacter has the potential to induce tight junction dysfunction (Bücker et al, 2009;Karadas et al, 2016), which may lead to diarrhea .…”

Section: Routes Of Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arcobacter

Banting¹,

Salvat²

2019

Water and Sanitation for the 21st Century: Health and Microbiological Aspects of Excreta and Wastewater Management (Global Wate

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Genotyping, antibiotic resistance and prevalence of Arcobacter species in milk and dairy products

Lameei

Rahimi

Shakerian

et al. 2022

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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Background Arcobacter spp. has been considered an emerging foodborne pathogen and a hazard to human health. The dairy chain has been isolated from different sources; nevertheless, data on Arcobacter occurrence in raw milk and dairy products in Iran are still scant. Objective The present study investigates the prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility and the presence of virulence genes of Arcobacters species isolated from milk and dairy products. Methods Then, a total of 350 raw milk samples and 400 dairy product samples were collected from dairy supply centers in Isfahan, Iran. Presumptive Arcobacter strains were obtained by enriching samples in Oxoid Arcobacter enrichment broth (AEB) followed by the filtration of enrichment product through 0.45‐μm pore size membrane filters laid onto non‐selective blood at 30°C under microaerophilic conditions. Molecular identification of Arcobacter cryaerophilus and A. butzleri was performed by Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of the 16S rRNA gene, followed by sequencing. The disc diffusion method was used to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility of isolates. Targeted resistance and virulence genes were detected using multiplex PCR. Results The results show a low recovery rate of Arcobacter spp. in milk. Arcobacters were found in all types of milk, except raw camel milk, but were absent from all dairy products. Arcobacter butzleri was the predominant species in raw milk. Detection of virulence genes shows that all virulence genes targeted were found among A. butzleri, and six (cadF, cj1349, irgA, mviN, pldA, tlyA) were found among A. cryaerophilus. All A. butzleri strains and some A. cryaerophilus strains isolated from milk were resistant to amoxicillin‐clavulanic acid and tetracycline. All A. cryaerophilus isolates from milk were susceptible to gentamycin, streptomycin, erythromycin and ciprofloxacin. The distribution of resistance genes in Arcobacter strains in milk shows that all isolates carried tet(O) and blaOXA‐61 genes. Conclusions In conclusion, the results indicate a low recovery rate of Arcobacter spp. in milk and milk products. However, a significant number of Arcobacter strains with putative virulence genes may be potential pathogens for humans and an overall increase in Arcobacter resistance to first‐line antibiotics. These results highlight the need for regular surveillance of Arcobacter strains in milk and milk products in Iran.

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Occurrence of putative virulence genes onArcobacter butzleriisolated from three different environmental sites throughout the dairy chain

Cited by 13 publications

References 39 publications

Characterization of Arcobacter strains isolated from human stool samples: results from the prospective German prevalence study Arcopath

Characterization of Arcobacter strains isolated from human stool samples: results from the prospective German prevalence study Arcopath

Arcobacter

Genotyping, antibiotic resistance and prevalence of Arcobacter species in milk and dairy products

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