Optical coherence tomography of macular atrophy associated with microcephaly and presumed intrauterine Zika virus infection

Campos, Adriana Gondim de Moura; Lira, Rodrigo Pessoa Cavalcanti; Arantes, Tiago Eugênio Faria e

doi:10.5935/0004-2749.20160112

Cited by 17 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The OCT images revealed a discontinuation of the ellipsoid zone and hyperreflectivity underlying the retinal pigment epithelium, retinal thinning, choroidal thinning, and a colobomatouslike appearance. In addition, in subsequent reports, de Oliveira Dias et al 23 and Campos et al 24 described similar OCT findings in infants with CZS that corroborated the initial OCT study. The importance of these 2 studies is that they indicated how severely ZIKV affects the fetal eye, causing severe and irreversible retinal and choroidal damage.…”

Section: Ocular Findings In Czssupporting

confidence: 65%

Ophthalmologic Manifestations Associated With Zika Virus Infection

Ventura

2018

Pediatrics

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Vision plays an important role in the development of communication, social interaction, spatial awareness, and the motor skills needed to explore the environment. In the past 2 years, researchers have described the broad spectrum of clinical features that comprise congenital Zika syndrome (CZS). The ocular manifestations are considered 1 important pillar of this new entity. The most characteristic ophthalmic findings include chorioretinal scars and focal pigmentary changes seen in the macular region. Since these findings were first reported, other researchers have validated and extended them, leading to a more complete picture of the spectrum of ocular manifestations related to CZS. In this article, we summarize the current knowledge on the ocular implications of CZS and emphasize the importance of early rehabilitation to enhance visual performance in affected children.

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Section: Ocular Findings In Czssupporting

confidence: 65%

Ophthalmologic Manifestations Associated With Zika Virus Infection

Ventura

2018

Pediatrics

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“…Using this model, we show that ZIKV preferentially infects the cornea and retina resulting in chorioretinal lesions. As reported in patients, there is infection of the retinal ganglion cells and cells in the inner nuclear layer, resulting in focal retinitis and thinning of the outer plexiform layer (OPL) 19 . The infection elicits an inflammatory response characterized by increased local chemokine expression, infiltration by neutrophils, antigen presenting cells, natural killer (NK) cells, and later CD4 and CD8 T cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

ZIKA virus infection causes persistent chorioretinal lesions

Manangeeswaran

Kielczewski

Sen

et al. 2018

Emerging Microbes & Infections

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Zika-infected patients can have eye involvement ranging from mild conjunctivitis to severe chorioretinal lesions, however the possible long-term sequelae of infection and timeline to recovery remain unknown. Here we describe the partial recovery of chorioretinal lesions in an immunocompetent patient diagnosed with bilateral posterior uveitis associated with Zika infection and show that some lesions resolved with focal atrophy evident as pigmentary changes on funduscopy. To better understand the progression of the lesions and correlate the changes in fundus imaging with local viral load, immune responses, and retinal damage, we developed a symptomatic mouse model of ocular Zika virus infection. Imaging of the fundus revealed multiple hypopigmentary patches indicative of chorioretinal degeneration as well as thinning of the retina that mirror the lesions in patients. Microscopically, the virus primarily infected the optic nerve, retinal ganglion cells, and inner nuclear layer cells, showing thinning of the outer plexiform layer. During acute infection, the eyes showed retinal layer disorganization, retinitis, vitritis, and focal choroiditis, with mild cellular infiltration and increased expression of tumor necrosis factor, interferon-γ, granzyme B, and perforin. Focal areas of gliosis and retinal degeneration persisted 60 dpi. The model recapitulates features of ZIKA infections in patients and should help elucidate the mechanisms underlying the damage to the eyes and aid in the development of effective therapeutics.

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“…We incidentally recently conducted a Pubmed search for “Zika and Cases,” limited to “5 years” and “English.” The search yielded 346 results; 57 of these studies reported on the symptoms experienced by Zika patients, and 17 studies included pregnant patients infected with Zika virus who reported on a congenital outcome. We performed a Chi‐Square test to determine if the difference between the congenital outcomes in those patients with and without skin involvement is significant.…”

Section: Results Of the 57 Identified Studies Reporting On Symptoms Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The identified 57 studies reported on 841 patients infected with Zika virus; a symptomatic rash was reported in 698 (83%) of these patients (Table 1a) . Pregnant patients were included in 17 studies, and there were 283 pregnant patients; a rash occurred in 256 (91%) patients (mostly during the 1st and 2nd trimester).…”

Section: Results Of the 57 Identified Studies Reporting On Symptoms Dmentioning

confidence: 99%