Weight management practices associated with PCOS and their relationships with diet and physical activity

Moran, Lisa J.; Brown, Wendy J.; McNaughton, Sarah A.; Joham, Anju E.; Teede, Helena

doi:10.1093/humrep/dew348

Cited by 42 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…This study uses data from the cohort of young women who completed survey 5 of the ALSWH (2009, n = 8200), because women in this age group (aged 31-36 years in 2009) had the highest age-specific fertility level compared to all other age groups [31]. From this total, we excluded those with an incomplete food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) (>10% of items missing responses; n = 86) or if their reported daily energy intake was >14,700 kj/day (3513.4 Kcal/day) (n = 94) or <2100 kj/day (501.9 Kcal/day) (n = 20) [32,33]. Due to differing dietary requirements compared with the general population, we excluded pregnant women (n = 804) and women who reported having a gastric band (n = 48).…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Physical activity was calculated as the sum of the products of total weekly minutes in each of the three categories of physical activity and the metabolic equivalent value (MetMin) assigned to each category: (walking minutes × 3.33 MetMin) + (moderate intensity physical activity minutes × 3.33 MetMin) + (vigorous intensity physical activity minutes × 6.66 MetMin) [40,41]. Outliers were truncated at 28 h per week for total physical activity [32,33].…”

Section: Physical Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Postpartum Diet Quality: A Cross-Sectional Analysis from the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women’s Health

Martin

Joham

Mishra

et al. 2020

JCM

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Reproductive-aged women are at high risk of developing obesity, and diet quality is a potential modifiable risk factor. There is limited research exploring diet quality and its association with time since childbirth. Using data from the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women’s Health (ALSWH) survey 5 (2009) of women born between 1973–1978, who reported having previously given birth, we investigated the association between time since childbirth and diet quality, and differences in energy, macronutrients, micronutrient intake, and diet quality assessed by the dietary guideline index (DGI) in women stratified by time from last childbirth, early (0–6 months; n = 558) and late (7–12 months; n = 547), and all other women with children (>12 months post childbirth n = 3434). From this cohort, 8200 participants were eligible, of which 4539 participants completed a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and were included in this analysis. Overall, diet quality was higher in early and late postpartum women (mean DGI score 89.8 (SD 10.5) and mean DGI score 90.0 (SD 10.2), respectively) compared to all other women with children (>12 months post childbirth), mean DGI score 85.2 (SD 11.7), p < 0.001. Factors positively associated with diet quality included higher education, physical activity, health provider support, and vitamin and/or mineral supplement use. Conversely, increasing time from childbirth (>12 months), smoking compared with non-smoking and medium income level compared with no income was negatively associated with diet quality. A lower diet quality in women greater than 12 months post childbirth may be reflective of increased pressures, balancing childrearing and return to work responsibilities. This highlights the need to support women beyond the postpartum period to improve modifiable factors associated with weight gain, including diet quality, to optimize health and reduce chronic disease risk.

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Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Physical Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Postpartum Diet Quality: A Cross-Sectional Analysis from the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women’s Health

Martin

Joham

Mishra

et al. 2020

JCM

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“…Understanding the core elements for success in these complex interventions is critical to identify the suitable context for implementation and scaling up with effectiveness . In addition, as women of reproductive age engage in a wide range of weight management practices including conventional and alternative approaches that may not always involve health professionals, it is unclear if delivery by health professionals who are trained in evidence‐based approach is associated with greater efficacy. Delivery by nonhealth professionals is also currently being considered in the general population as an alternative approach to behavioural weight loss interventions .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review and meta‐analysis of intervention characteristics in postpartum weight management using the TIDieR framework: A summary of evidence to inform implementation

et al. 2019

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Postpartum weight retention is a significant contributor to obesity in reproductiveaged women, but the key implementation characteristics of postpartum weight management interventions have not been systematically identified to inform policy and practice. This study aimed to evaluate the intervention characteristics associated with weight loss in postpartum women using the Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) framework. We searched MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, PSYCINFO, and EBM databases to identify lifestyle intervention RCTs in postpartum women (within 2 years after birth) published up to January 2018. From 4512 studies, 33 studies were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis (n = 4960 women). Health professional-delivered interventions had significantly greater weight loss than those delivered by nonhealth professionals (mean difference, 95% confidence interval: (−3.22 kg [−4.83, −1.61] vs −0.99 kg [−1.53, −0.45], P = 0.01 for subgroup differences)). Diet and physical activity combined had significantly greater weight loss compared with physical activity-only interventions (−3.15 kg [−4.34, −1.96] vs −0.78 kg [−1.73, 0.16], P = 0.009 for subgroup differences). The extent of weight loss was not influenced by intervention intensity (duration, number of sessions) and setting (individual or group). KEYWORDS implementation, lifestyle, postpartum women, systematic review, weight management 1 | INTRODUCTIONGlobal trends in obesity suggest that women aged 19 to 50 years gain weight more rapidly than men and women of other age groups. [1][2][3] Weight retention or weight gain after birth is a key contributor to obesity in women. Weight gain from early to middle adulthood has been shown to be associated with increased risk of major chronic diseases including type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. 4 A recent systematic review and meta-analysis reported approximately half of all pregnancies had excessive gestational weight gain according to the Institute of Medicine recommendations. 5 There are large variations in weight retained after pregnancy between individuals; on average, women retain 0.5 to 3.5 kg from each pregnancy, 6 and a quarter to half of all women are 4.5 kg or heavier than prepregnancy weight by 1 year postpartum. 7-10 The inability to return to prepregnancy weight or halt weight gain during the postpartum period (birth to 2 years) carries † These authors contributed equally to this manuscript

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“…In our study, approximately 20% of women with self-reported PCOS were current smokers, compared to 12% of women who did not report PCOS. These findings are inconsistent with another Australian community-based study, which reported no difference in smoking rates between women with or without PCOS (Htet et al, 2017;Moran et al, 2017). However, these studies were restricted to women aged between 28 to 36 years, coinciding with the peak reproductive years, which may underestimate the extent of smoking as life experiences such as starting a family can be a strong impetus to cease smoking (Fingerhut et al, 1990;Gallus et al, 2013;Kahn et al, 2002;Schneider et al, 2010).…”

Section: Articlementioning

confidence: 74%

Prevalence of Self-reported Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Profiles of Health Among Women of Different Generations: A Cross Sectional Study

Avery

Moran

Moore

et al. 2019

FandR

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Objective: Although polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is considered a lifelong disorder, very little is understood about the diagnosis and impact of this condition in women outside of the peak reproductive years. We examined the frequency of diagnosed PCOS and concurrent health conditions in women across the lifespan. Methods: Data were analysed from 1509 women aged 15–95 years participating in a cross-sectional, face-to-face population survey in South Australia, 2015. We assessed the prevalence of PCOS in 10-year age groups and the frequency of comorbidities in women with and without PCOS subgrouped by age (< 45, [Formula: see text] 45 years). The main outcome measures were Diagnosed PCOS and other chronic conditions; lifestyle factors. Logistic regression analyses determined the risk of comorbidities in women with PCOS adjusting for age and BMI. Results: Overall prevalence of PCOS was 5.6% (95% confidence interval (CI) 4.6–6.9%), peaking in the 35–44 year age group (9.1%), and lowest in those aged 15–24 (4.1%) or [Formula: see text] 65 (3.7%) years. Women with PCOS and aged <45 years were more likely to report diabetes (16.7% vs. 3.8%), cardiovascular disease (15.5% vs. 7.2%) and arthritis (15.5% vs. 7.2%) than their peers; these differences were diminished in the [Formula: see text] 45 year age group. The odds of diabetes and cardiovascular disease were more than doubled among women with PCOS (adjOR 2.23, 95% CI 1.49–4.31; adjOR 3.18, 95% CI 1.31–7.68). Conclusion: PCOS is underdiagnosed in young and post-menopausal women. Diabetes and cardiovascular disease are key comorbidities requiring greater attention in younger women with PCOS.

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Weight management practices associated with PCOS and their relationships with diet and physical activity

Abstract: Not applicable.

Cited by 42 publications

References 47 publications

Postpartum Diet Quality: A Cross-Sectional Analysis from the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women’s Health

Postpartum Diet Quality: A Cross-Sectional Analysis from the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women’s Health

A systematic review and meta‐analysis of intervention characteristics in postpartum weight management using the TIDieR framework: A summary of evidence to inform implementation

Prevalence of Self-reported Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Profiles of Health Among Women of Different Generations: A Cross Sectional Study

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