Reduced subclinical carotid vascular disease and arterial stiffness in vegetarian men: The CARVOS Study

Acosta‐Navarro, Julio; Antoniazzi, Luiza; Oki, Adriana Midori; Bonfim, Maria Carlos; Hong, Valéria; Acosta-Cardenas, Pedro; Brunoro, Eleonora; Miname, Márcio H.; Filho, Wilson Albino Pimentel; Bortolotto, Luiz Aparecido; Santos, Raúl D.

doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.12.058

Cited by 37 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…There was no association between vegetarianism and CIMT. Our results were consistent with 1 prior study in 88 Brazilian men, which indicated no significant association between vegetarian diet and CIMT after adjusting for covariates (6).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Supplemental Tables 1-4 are available from the "Supplementary data" link in the online posting of the article and from the same link in the online table of contents at https://academic.oup.com/jn/. lower risk of obesity (2), diabetes (3), hypertension (4), lower concentrations of total and LDL cholesterol (5,6), and a lower risk of subclinical atherosclerosis (6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vegetarian Diets Are Associated with Selected Cardiometabolic Risk Factors among Middle-Older Aged South Asians in the United States

Jin

Kanaya

Kandula

et al. 2018

The Journal of Nutrition

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Background Following a vegetarian diet is considered to be beneficial for overall health and is associated with a lower risk of chronic disease. Objective This study examined whether South Asians in the United States who consume a vegetarian diet have a lower prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors. Methods Data from the Mediators of Atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America study, which included 892 South Asians (47% women), with an age range of 40–83 y and a mean ± SD age of 55 ± 9.4 y, were used. Participants were classified as vegetarian if they reported no consumption of meat, poultry, or fish in the previous year on a validated and culturally appropriate food-frequency questionnaire. Adjusted linear and logistic regression models were used to examine associations of a vegetarian diet with cardiometabolic risk factors. Results Thirty-eight percent of the cohort participants were classified as vegetarian. Vegetarians reported more frequent weekly eating occasions of whole grains (median frequency/wk: 10 compared with 9, P = 0.012) and beans and legumes (median frequency/wk: 8.5 compared with 5.1, P < 0.001), and less frequent weekly eating occasions of sweets and desserts (median frequency/wk: 1.9 compared with 2.3, P < 0.001). Consuming a vegetarian diet was associated with lower body mass index (P = 0.023), fasting glucose (P = 0.015), insulin resistance (P = 0.003), total cholesterol (P = 0.027), and LDL cholesterol (P = 0.004) and lower odds of fatty liver (OR: 0.43; 95% CI: 0.23, 0.78, P = 0.006). The odds of having any coronary artery calcium were lower for vegetarian men (OR: 0.53; 95% CI: 0.32, 0.87, P = 0.013); however, no significant associations were observed among women. Conclusions Among US South Asians, a vegetarian diet was associated with fewer cardiometabolic risk factors overall and with less subclinical atherosclerosis among men.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vegetarian Diets Are Associated with Selected Cardiometabolic Risk Factors among Middle-Older Aged South Asians in the United States

Jin

Kanaya

Kandula

et al. 2018

The Journal of Nutrition

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“…54 Finally, lower levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) have been reported in adult vegetarians (0.77 mg/L; standard error (SE) 1.29) for vegetarians; (1.30 mg/L; (SE 1.38)) for matched omnivores, P<0.01), 55 and a decrease in CRP was observed in adults adopting vegan diets (-28.2%; (SE 10.8%), P = .02). 56 Some studies have shown that healthy adult lacto vegetarians have significantly lower carotid intima media thickness (IMT) 57 , and the advantage was related to the duration of consuming the vegetarian diet 58 , but one study showed no such difference. 59 Altogether, a lower prevalence of cardio-metabolic risk factors among adults following plantbased diets is likely to be the primary reason why they have ~25% lower risk of developing ischemic heart disease.…”

Section: Plant Based Diets and Adult Cvd Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant-based diets for children as a means of improving adult cardiometabolic health

et al. 2018

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Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the largest contributor to global mortality, and this trend is expected to continue. Although mortality rates have been falling, adverse developments in obesity and diabetes threaten to reverse this. It has been estimated that the only viable strategy to reduce the epidemic is to focus on population-wide risk factor reduction. Primordial prevention, a strategy aimed at avoiding the development of risk factors before the disease onset, has been shown to reduce the CVD epidemic substantially. Plant-based diets appear beneficial for prevention of cardiometabolic diseases, with adult vegetarians and vegans having lower CVD risk than omnivores. Atherosclerosis starts in childhood and progresses in relation to classical CVD risk factors, which, along with dietary habits, track to adulthood. Based on this evidence, it is proposed that plant-based diets in childhood could promote cardiometabolic health in adults and thereby reduce CVD and promote longevity and health. However, the need for additional research to establish the safety of predominantly or exclusively plant-based diets in children is noted.

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“…Following the development and piloting of the STROBE-M score checklist, we conducted a more formal evaluation of its inter-rater agreement. One reviewer (VL) selected 45 observational study publications (15 each from cross-sectional (23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37), cohort (38)(39)(40)(41)(42)(43)(44)(45)(46)(47)(48)(49)(50)(51)(52), and case-control study (53-67) from ìPubMed databaseî published in the time period of 1 st March 2016 to 31 st May 2016 with the filters of English language, human studies, and full text availability. Irrelevant publications (opinion or critique of previous studies, letters to editors, meta-analysis were excluded (Fig.…”

Section: Inter-rater Agreement Of Strobe-m Score Checklistmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a Quantitative Scoring Method for Strobe Checklist

Limaye¹,

Limaye²,

Pitani³

et al. 2018

Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica - Drug Research

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Evidence-based medicine (EBM) has brought a substantial change in medical practice and clinical care approach (1-3). It has helped to focus on valid and reliable information to make sound decisions in the area of disease management. Although randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are considered as the reference standard and provide valuable evidence about the efficacy of new treatments, yet they do not answer all important questions about the specific treatment. Most of the knowledge in clinical practice comes from observational studies from which we can gain further experience to plan interventional studies in regards to efficacy, safety and tolerability of approved medicines (4). An observational study is defined as a study that provides estimates and examines associations of events in their natural settings without recourse to experimental intervention (5). It includes cohort studies (CO) ñ prospective and retrospective, crosssectional studies (CS), and case-control studies (CC) (6). Current evidence suggests that observational studies, such as those discussed earlier, both com

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Reduced subclinical carotid vascular disease and arterial stiffness in vegetarian men: The CARVOS Study

Cited by 37 publications

References 28 publications

Vegetarian Diets Are Associated with Selected Cardiometabolic Risk Factors among Middle-Older Aged South Asians in the United States

Vegetarian Diets Are Associated with Selected Cardiometabolic Risk Factors among Middle-Older Aged South Asians in the United States

Plant-based diets for children as a means of improving adult cardiometabolic health

Development of a Quantitative Scoring Method for Strobe Checklist

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