Diabetes and Cause-Specific Mortality in Mexico City

Alegre-Díaz, Jesús; Herrington, William G; López-Cervantes, Malaquı́as; Gnatiuc, Louisa; Ramírez, Rafael Vidal Tamayo; Hill, Michael; Baigent, Colin; McCarthy, Mark I.; Lewington, Sarah; Collins, Rory; Whitlock, Gary; Tapia-Conyer, Roberto; Pető, Richárd; Kuri‐Morales, Pablo; Emberson, Jonathan

doi:10.1056/nejmoa1605368

Cited by 237 publications

(224 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Low-income countries with high burden, such as in sub-Saharan Africa, might want to consider cost-effective interventions for endemic rheumatic heart disease; 68 Central American countries might want to focus on chronic kidney disease and diabetes. 69 Budget planning should take the increased demand for health services into account, as life expectancy improves.Thus, not every country can or should implement all suggested interventions, and some countries will take years to build a health system that can implement some of them. In most countries, the two highest priority areas could be tobacco control, and early detection and management of hypertension.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

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Cardiovascular, respiratory, and related disorders: key messages from Disease Control Priorities, 3rd edition

et al. 2018

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Cardiovascular, respiratory, and related disorders (CVRDs) are the leading causes of adult death worldwide, and substantial inequalities in care of patients with CVRDs exist between countries of high income and countries of low and middle income. Based on current trends, the UN Sustainable Development Goal to reduce premature mortality due to CVRDs by a third by 2030 will be challenging for many countries of low and middle income. We did systematic literature reviews of effectiveness and cost-effectiveness to identify priority interventions. We summarise the key findings and present a costed essential package of interventions to reduce risk of and manage CVRDs. On a population level, we recommend tobacco taxation, bans on trans fats, and compulsory reduction of salt in manufactured food products. We suggest primary health services be strengthened through the establishment of locally endorsed guidelines and ensured availability of essential medications. The policy interventions and health service delivery package we suggest could serve as the cornerstone for the management of CVRDs, and afford substantial financial risk protection for vulnerable households. We estimate that full implementation of the essential package would cost an additional US$21 per person in the average low-income country and $24 in the average lower-middle-income country. The essential package we describe could be a starting place for low-income and middle-income countries developing universal health coverage packages. Interventions could be rolled out as disease burden demands and budgets allow. Our outlined interventions provide a pathway for countries attempting to convert the UN Sustainable Development Goal commitments into tangible action.

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Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiovascular, respiratory, and related disorders: key messages from Disease Control Priorities, 3rd edition

et al. 2018

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“…Lack of standardized data on diabetes-related complications makes it difficult to know global patterns and how much variation really exists. The few studies of diabetes-related complications from low-or middle-income countries, such as a recent report from Mexico showing relative risks considerably higher than those of high-income countries (35), raise the concern that successes in reducing diabetes complications are not shared by many parts of the world. The large decline in complications in the U.S. were paralleled by large improvements in risk factor management and processes of care during the 2000s, as the proportion of adults meeting recommended targets improved by 9, 12, and 21 percentage points for glycemic control, blood pressure, and lipid control, respectively (36).…”

Section: Trends In Complications For Adults With Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Changing Tides of the Type 2 Diabetes Epidemic—Smooth Sailing or Troubled Waters Ahead? Kelly West Award Lecture 2016

Gregg

2017

Diabetes Care

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Chronic disease epidemics have been described as tsunamis for the forceful way that societal and behavioral instigators carry disease and morbidity in a single direction before receding, only after decades of counter efforts by clinical medicine and public health (1). Type 2 diabetes is considered a classic chronic disease, as long-term cultural and behavioral changes have interacted with diverse susceptible genes to increase prevalence and extensive morbidity in the U.S. and the rest of world (2,3). While chronic disease epidemics can indeed be vast, multifaceted, and difficult to reverse, they can also be dynamic and full of paradoxes and contradictory trends that vary based on the specific population of concern, the time horizon, and the health metrics under consideration. The type 2 diabetes epidemic in the U.S. has encountered numerous phases and transitions in recent decades, including periods of rapid growth in prevalence and incidence, a peak and decline in the incidence of complications, the alarming growth among youth, and, most recently, a peak and apparent decrease in incidence of diagnosed cases in some populations. The most defining characteristics of the recent era of the global diabetes epidemic have been the success in reducing the rate of complications among adults with diagnosed diabetes in high-income countries, the large increases in overall prevalence, and the explosion of prevalence in lower-and middle-income countries (4). However, there are many currents under the surface, variations in the trends, and emerging concerns that are changing the character of the diabetes epidemic in ways that will affect the direction of public health efforts. This synthesis reviews the recent major trends and transitions in the diabetes epidemic in the U.S., describes their impact on the character of diabetes complications, and discusses the challenges and implications for prevention and epidemiology. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS AND SOURCES

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“…Therefore, diabetes treatment is still far from achieving the ultimate goal of prolonging patients’ life expectancy to be equivalent to that of healthy people. Meanwhile, in undeveloped countries, the death rate due to diabetes, vascular disorders and kidney diseases has not changed substantially over the past 30 years, even though the total mortality of the general population has tended to decline. This opposite trend to developed countries shows that it is important to establish well‐developed healthcare systems and appropriately provide medications, such as vascular protection drugs and antidiabetic drugs, throughout the nation.…”

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confidence: 99%

Different trends in causes of death in patients with diabetes between Japan and the USA

Tsunekawa

Kawanishi

Nakamura

2018

J of Diabetes Invest

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Diabetes and Cause-Specific Mortality in Mexico City

Cited by 237 publications

References 27 publications

Cardiovascular, respiratory, and related disorders: key messages from Disease Control Priorities, 3rd edition

Cardiovascular, respiratory, and related disorders: key messages from Disease Control Priorities, 3rd edition

The Changing Tides of the Type 2 Diabetes Epidemic—Smooth Sailing or Troubled Waters Ahead? Kelly West Award Lecture 2016

Different trends in causes of death in patients with diabetes between Japan and the USA

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