Tunable doping of graphene by using physisorbed self-assembled networks

Phillipson, Roald; Rosa, César J. Lockhart de la; Teyssandier, Joan; Walke, Peter; Waghray, Deepali; Fujita, Yoshihiro; Adisoejoso, Jinne; Mali, Kunal S.; Asselberghs, Inge; Huyghebaert, Cedric; Uji‐i, Hiroshi; Gendt, Stefan De; Feyter, Steven De

doi:10.1039/c6nr07912a

Cited by 54 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(50 reference statements)

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“…426,427 On graphene, this approach was exploited to induce controllable periodic potentials 93 and demonstrate tunable doping. 428 The same ultra-high control over the nanoscale molecular ordering can be achieved in the case of TMDs. 81 Recently, Wang et al 252 (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Molecular chemistry approaches for tuning the properties of two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides

et al. 2018

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Two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors, such as ultrathin layers of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), offer a unique combination of electronic, optical and mechanical properties, and hold potential to enable a host of new device applications spanning from flexible/wearable (opto)electronics to energy-harvesting and sensing technologies. A critical requirement for developing practical and reliable electronic devices based on semiconducting TMDs consists in achieving a full control over their charge-carrier polarity and doping. Inconveniently, such a challenging task cannot be accomplished by means of well-established doping techniques (e.g. ion implantation and diffusion), which unavoidably damage the 2D crystals resulting in degraded device performances. Nowadays, a number of alternatives are being investigated, including various (supra)molecular chemistry approaches relying on the combination of 2D semiconductors with electroactive donor/acceptor molecules. As yet, a large variety of molecular systems have been utilized for functionalizing 2D TMDs via both covalent and non-covalent interactions. Such research endeavours enabled not only the tuning of the charge-carrier doping but also the engineering of the optical, electronic, magnetic, thermal and sensing properties of semiconducting TMDs for specific device applications. Here, we will review the most enlightening recent advancements in experimental (supra)molecular chemistry methods for tailoring the properties of atomically-thin TMDs - in the form of substrate-supported or solution-dispersed nanosheets - and we will discuss the opportunities and the challenges towards the realization of novel hybrid materials and devices based on 2D semiconductors and molecular systems.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Molecular chemistry approaches for tuning the properties of two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides

et al. 2018

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“…Given the immense opportunities offered by hybrid organic–inorganic vdW heterostructures in modifying the fundamental electronic properties of the pristine materials, the field is still widely unexplored3. There are only a few reports connecting doping effects with the specific position of functional groups2636373839, and combining molecules and 2D materials for the technological need of forming p–n junctions4041.…”

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confidence: 99%

Periodic potentials in hybrid van der Waals heterostructures formed by supramolecular lattices on graphene

et al. 2017

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The rise of 2D materials made it possible to form heterostructures held together by weak interplanar van der Waals interactions. Within such van der Waals heterostructures, the occurrence of 2D periodic potentials significantly modifies the electronic structure of single sheets within the stack, therefore modulating the material properties. However, these periodic potentials are determined by the mechanical alignment of adjacent 2D materials, which is cumbersome and time-consuming. Here we show that programmable 1D periodic potentials extending over areas exceeding 104 nm2 and stable at ambient conditions arise when graphene is covered by a self-assembled supramolecular lattice. The amplitude and sign of the potential can be modified without altering its periodicity by employing photoreactive molecules or their reaction products. In this regard, the supramolecular lattice/graphene bilayer represents the hybrid analogue of fully inorganic van der Waals heterostructures, highlighting the rich prospects that molecular design offers to create ad hoc materials.

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“…In these cases, an STM study of the molecular assembly on a 2DM (typically graphene) is combined to the investigation of the electrical properties of the same system, addressed at the macroscopic level (for instance, in devices). While in some cases the ordered assembly is investigated as a further characterization complementary to the device study, in other studies it plays a central role . Inspired by the latter studies, we will highlight a few results that indicate how the possibility to tame the molecular assembly on 2DMs can be exploited to create hybrid vdW heterostructures with on‐design intrinsic properties.…”

Section: Molecular Assembly In Hybrid Van Der Waals Heterostructuresmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…One exemplary case in which the control over the nanoscale molecular assembly allows a precise tuning of the properties of a hybrid vdWH is provided by the work of Phillipson et al In their study, the authors investigate the electrical properties of graphene covered by two different molecules, octadecylamine (ODA) and nonacosylamine (NCA). The two molecules are composed of a NH 2 amino head group bound to alkyl chains of different length, respectively, 18 C atoms for ODA and 29 for NCA.…”

Section: Molecular Assembly In Hybrid Van Der Waals Heterostructuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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When 2D Materials Meet Molecules: Opportunities and Challenges of Hybrid Organic/Inorganic van der Waals Heterostructures

2018

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van der Waals heterostructures, composed of vertically stacked inorganic 2D materials, represent an ideal platform to demonstrate novel device architectures and to fabricate on-demand materials. The incorporation of organic molecules within these systems holds an immense potential, since, while nature offers a finite number of 2D materials, an almost unlimited variety of molecules can be designed and synthesized with predictable functionalities. The possibilities offered by systems in which continuous molecular layers are interfaced with inorganic 2D materials to form hybrid organic/inorganic van der Waals heterostructures are emphasized. Similar to their inorganic counterpart, the hybrid structures have been exploited to put forward novel device architectures, such as antiambipolar transistors and barristors. Moreover, specific molecular groups can be employed to modify intrinsic properties and confer new capabilities to 2D materials. In particular, it is highlighted how molecular self-assembly at the surface of 2D materials can be mastered to achieve precise control over position and density of (molecular) functional groups, paving the way for a new class of hybrid functional materials whose final properties can be selected by careful molecular design.

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Tunable doping of graphene by using physisorbed self-assembled networks

Cited by 54 publications

References 43 publications

Molecular chemistry approaches for tuning the properties of two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides

Molecular chemistry approaches for tuning the properties of two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides

Periodic potentials in hybrid van der Waals heterostructures formed by supramolecular lattices on graphene

When 2D Materials Meet Molecules: Opportunities and Challenges of Hybrid Organic/Inorganic van der Waals Heterostructures

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