Allogeneic platelet-rich plasma affects monocyte differentiation to dendritic cells causing an anti-inflammatory microenvironment, putatively fostering wound healing

Abstract

Autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is used clinically to induce repair of different tissues through the release of bioactive molecules. In some patients, the production of efficient autologous PRP is unfeasible due to their compromised health. Allogeneic PRP mismatched for AB0 and Rh antigens was developed. The effect of allogeneic PRP on immune response should be defined to use it in clinical practice avoiding side effects. Thus, whether PRP affects the differentiation of peripheral blood monocytes to dendritic cells upon stimulation with granulocyte monocyte colony stimulating factor and interleukin-4 was investigated. Indeed, these cells are the main players of immune response and tissue repair. PRP inhibited the differentiation of monocytes to CD1a + dendritic cells and favoured the expansion of phagocytic CD163 + CD206 + fibrocyte-like cells. These cells produced interleukin-10 and prostaglandin-E 2 , but not interferon-γ, upon stimulation with lipopolysaccharides. Moreover, they promoted the expansion of regulatory CD4 + CD25 + FoxP3 + T cells upon allostimulation or antigen specific priming. Finally, the conditioned medium harvested from monocytes differentiated with PRP triggered a strong chemotactic effect on mesenchymal cells in both scratch and transwell migration assays. These results strongly suggest that allogeneic PRP can foster the differentiation of monocytes to a regulatory anti-inflammatory population, possibly favouring wound healing.

Growth Factors Delivery System for Skin Regeneration: An Advanced Wound Dressing

“…From the histological analysis of the samples, recovered at different time after the application, we observed that Alg/SS/PL biomembrane led to a faster regeneration of the skin wound compared to the control (Alg/SS). The inflammation phase occurred faster in PL treated lesion, rapidly leading to the formation of granulation tissue and the deposition of new collagen, in agreement with several previously reported studies [50]. The same sequence of events was occurring, but at a slower rate in the control lesions treated by the biomembrane without PL.…”

Coculture with monocytes/macrophages modulates osteogenic differentiation of adipose‐derived mesenchymal stromal cells on poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic) acid/polycaprolactone scaffolds

“…A rapidly increasing number of studies use PL, rather than FBS, as nutritional supplement in cell culture media for human cell culture (Astori et al, ; Burnouf, Strunk, Koh, & Schallmoser, ; Ruggiu, Ulivi, Sanguineti, Cancedda, & Descalzi, ). Except for the beneficial effects on the mineralization of ADMSCs, platelet derivatives were also shown to exert an anti‐inflammatory effect on monocytes/macrophages (Linke et al, ; Papait, Cancedda, Mastrogiacomo, & Poggi, ; Renn, Kao, Wang, & Burnouf, ). Furthermore, PL contains a high concentration of TGF‐β as reported previously, with fluctuations from 900 to 15,000 pg/ml (Fekete et al, ; Renn et al, ; Salvade et al, ).…”

Learning from Mother Nature: Innovative Tools to Boost Endogenous Repair of Critical or Difficult-to-Heal Large Tissue Defects

“…Moreover, other authors reported that a platelet supernatant suppressed the inflammatory responses of bone marrow-derived macrophages via negative regulation of NF-kB signaling, overall leading to lowered expression of iNOS and enhanced l -arginine catabolism by Arginase-1 (Ando et al, 2016). Additional in vitro experiments of our group showed that, during the initial enhancement of the inflammatory phase, PRP polarizes the monocyte differentiation also toward an anti-inflammatory subset of dendritic cells with some similarities to M2 macrophages thus giving additional evidence of PRP ability to modify the wound healing microenvironment (Papait et al, 2016). …”