Arterial ageing: Major nutritional and life-style effects

Papaioannou, Theodore G.; Karatzi, Kalliopi; Ψαλτοπούλου, Θεοδώρα; Tousoulis, Dimitrios

doi:10.1016/j.arr.2016.10.004

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…We elaborated on the CRS to establish the degree of functionality of the elderly individuals in the study and found a low value, which represents a high degree of functional dependence. These findings corroborate with studies that have proven that high values of biochemical parameters lead to an important functional dependence that can lead to lower life expectancy, and an increase in health expenses in the sample studied [11,12].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Aging brings a reduction of muscle and bone mass, and an increase in fat mass. Based on these findings [12,13], the increase in biochemical variables found in our study is justifiable. Studies with urban and rural populations in other countries have also found significant increases in glycemic, triglycerides, and cholesterol in the elderly [14], reflecting a high risk of chronic degenerative diseases.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 64%

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Biochemical and Functional Characteristics of Elderly Female Residents in the Rural and Urban Sectors of Yumbe, Chile

Molina

Silva

Rocha

et al. 2020

Int. J. Phys. Educ. Fit. Sports

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This study aimed to evaluate and compare functional capacity and biochemical factors among elderly women living in the urban and rural sectors of Yumbe, Chile. The sample consisted of 2 groups of elderly women from the province of Ñuble, from the eighth region of Chile, divided into urban elderly (UE) (n = 20) with a mean age of 67.57 ± 3.4 years, and rural elderly (RE) (n = 20), with a mean age of 71.25 ± 2.2 years. The following biochemical variables were analyzed: glycemic index a, and triglycerides levels and cholesterol levels. The test battery used to assess functional capacity was the Senior Fitness Test. It was found that the UE group presented better indices than the RE group for all variables except glycemia, for which the RE group presented better indices. In the functional capacity, in particular, the upper and lower body strength is significantly lower in the RE. The functional capacity and the biochemical parameters studied have shown that the elderly women of different social conditions in the Yumbe-Chile region do not present a good degree of functionality, and also show high levels of cholesterol and triglycerides, which might be the cause of the increased prevalence of health problems in this population.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 64%

Biochemical and Functional Characteristics of Elderly Female Residents in the Rural and Urban Sectors of Yumbe, Chile

Molina

Silva

Rocha

et al. 2020

Int. J. Phys. Educ. Fit. Sports

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show abstract

“…Interestingly, in humans early signs of arterial aging (so called “fatty streaks”) are already observable in children in their first decade, but it usually takes several decades for progression into a symptomatic disease ( 36 ). Arterial aging has been identified as a key mechanism enabling development and progression of cardiovascular and other chronic disorders and is heavily influenced by lifestyle factors ( 37 ). The chronic pro-inflammatory profile within aging arteries is characterized by impaired angiotensin II (AII), mineralocorticoid receptor, and endothelin-1 signaling with the result of increased activity and/or expression of downstream pro-inflammatory transcription factors, whereas levels/activity of protective factors become reduced ( 38 ).…”

Section: Mechanisms Underlying the Link Between Inflammation And Artementioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammatory Markers for Arterial Stiffness in Cardiovascular Diseases

Malainer²,

et al. 2017

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Arterial stiffness predicts an increased risk of cardiovascular events. Inflammation plays a major role in large arteries stiffening, related to atherosclerosis, arteriosclerosis, endothelial dysfunction, smooth muscle cell migration, vascular calcification, increased activity of metalloproteinases, extracellular matrix degradation, oxidative stress, elastolysis, and degradation of collagen. The present paper reviews main mechanisms explaining the crosstalk between inflammation and arterial stiffness and the most common inflammatory markers associated with increased arterial stiffness, considering the most recent clinical and experimental studies. Diverse studies revealed significant correlations between the severity of arterial stiffness and inflammatory markers, such as white blood cell count, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, adhesion molecules, fibrinogen, C-reactive protein, cytokines, microRNAs, and cyclooxygenase-2, in patients with a broad variety of diseases, such as metabolic syndrome, diabetes, coronary heart disease, peripheral arterial disease, malignant and rheumatic disorders, polycystic kidney disease, renal transplant, familial Mediterranean fever, and oral infections, and in women with preeclampsia or after menopause. There is strong evidence that inflammation plays an important and, at least, partly reversible role in the development of arterial stiffness, and inflammatory markers may be useful additional tools in the assessment of the cardiovascular risk in clinical practice. Combined assessment of arterial stiffness and inflammatory markers may improve non-invasive assessment of cardiovascular risk, enabling selection of high-risk patients for prophylactic treatment or more regular medical examination. Development of future destiffening therapies may target pro-inflammatory mechanisms.

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“…On the other hand, increased blood pressure (BP) is also a cause for the reduction of arterial elasticity. Therefore, the unraveling of contributing mechanisms is complicated considerably [14]. High SBP primarily affects microvasculature in vulnerable end-organs like the brain and kidney [12,15].…”

Section: Arterial Stiffnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Polyphenols Targeting Arterial Stiffness: Interplay of Contributing Mechanisms and Gut Microbiome-Related Metabolism

et al. 2019

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Increased arterial stiffness is a degenerative vascular process, progressing with age that leads to a reduced capability of arteries to expand and contract in response to pressure changes. This progressive degeneration mainly affects the extracellular matrix of elastic arteries and causes loss of vascular elasticity. Recent studies point to significant interference of dietary polyphenols with mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology and progression of arterial stiffness. This review summarizes data from epidemiological and interventional studies on the effect of polyphenols on vascular stiffness as an illustration of current research and addresses possible etiological factors targeted by polyphenols, including pathways of vascular functionality, oxidative status, inflammation, glycation, and autophagy. Effects can either be inflicted directly by the dietary polyphenols or indirectly by metabolites originated from the host or microbial metabolic processes. The composition of the gut microbiome, therefore, determines the resulting metabolome and, as a consequence, the observed activity. On the other hand, polyphenols also influence the intestinal microbial composition, and therefore the metabolites available for interaction with relevant targets. As such, targeting the gut microbiome is another potential treatment option for arterial stiffness.

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Arterial ageing: Major nutritional and life-style effects

Cited by 10 publications

References 24 publications

Biochemical and Functional Characteristics of Elderly Female Residents in the Rural and Urban Sectors of Yumbe, Chile

Biochemical and Functional Characteristics of Elderly Female Residents in the Rural and Urban Sectors of Yumbe, Chile

Inflammatory Markers for Arterial Stiffness in Cardiovascular Diseases

Dietary Polyphenols Targeting Arterial Stiffness: Interplay of Contributing Mechanisms and Gut Microbiome-Related Metabolism

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