Assessment of dexmedetomidine effects on left ventricular function using pressure–volume loops in rats

Lee, Kyuho; Hwang, Hye Jeong; Kim, Ok Soo; Oh, Young Jun

doi:10.1007/s00540-016-2278-y

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Ketamine is a dissociative anesthetic agent with a cardiovascular effect resembling sympathetic nervous system stimulation, increasing HR and CO (Levanen et al, 1995). Medetomidine improves muscle relaxation, potentiates the anesthetic action of ketamine, and compensates for the cardiac-stimulating effect of ketamine by decreasing HR and CO. Dexmedetomidine had no direct myocardial depressant effect in the rat heart in doses like those encountered in clinical conditions (Lee et al, 2017). Because the different animal groups were all anesthetized using the same regimen, the decrease in HR we observed can be attributed to OM in our previous study.…”

Section: Effect Of Om On Cardiac Functionsupporting

confidence: 48%

The myosin activator omecamtiv mecarbil improves wall stress in a rat model of chronic aortic regurgitation

Oumeiri

Borne

Hubesch³

et al. 2021

Physiol Rep

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Section: Effect Of Om On Cardiac Functionsupporting

confidence: 48%

The myosin activator omecamtiv mecarbil improves wall stress in a rat model of chronic aortic regurgitation

Oumeiri

Borne

Hubesch³

et al. 2021

Physiol Rep

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“…Medetomidine improves muscle relaxation, potentiates anesthetic action of ketamine and compensates the cardiac stimulating effect of ketamine by decreasing heart rate and cardiac output. Dexmedetomidine had no direct myocardial depressant effect in the rat heart in doses that are similar to those encountered under clinical conditions [ 32 ]. As animals were all anesthetized at the same regime, the decrease in heart rate observed in the OM group can be attributed to OM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the cardiac myosin activator Omecamtiv-mecarbil on severe chronic aortic regurgitation in Wistar rats

El-Oumeiri

Entee²,

Annoni

et al. 2018

BMC Cardiovasc Disord

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BackgroundAortic regurgitation (AR) is a valvular disease that can lead to systolic heart failure. Treatment options besides cardiac surgery are limited and consequently severe AR is associated with higher mortality and morbidity when not operated. In this investigation, we examined the effects of a novel cardiac myosin activator, Omecamtiv-mecarbil (OM), in rats with chronic severe AR.MethodsAR was created by retrograde puncture of the aortic valve leaflets in 20 adults Wistar rats. 12 animals survived the acute AR phase and were randomized 2 months thereafter into OM (n = 7) or placebo groups (n = 5). Two rats underwent a sham operation and served as controls. Equal volumes of OM or placebo (NaCl 0.9%) were perfused in the femoral vein by continuous infusion (1.2 mg/kg/hour) during 30 min. Doppler-echocardiography was performed before and at the end of the infusion periods.ResultsOM increased indices of global cardiac function (cardiac output, stroke volume), and increased systolic performance (fractional shortening, ejection fraction, left ventricular end systolic diameter) (all p < 0.05). These effects concurred with decreases in indices of LV preload (left atrial size, left ventricular end diastolic diameter) as well in the aortic pre-ejection period / left ventricular ejection time ratio (all p < 0.05). The severity score of the regurgitant AR jet did not change. Placebo infusion did not affect these parameters.ConclusionThe cardiac myosin activator OM exerts favorable hemodynamic effects in rats with experimental chronic AR.

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“…However, the patients in the dexmedetomidine group required a significantly lower amount of intraoperative norepinephrine and postoperative nicardipine. A large body of evidence states that dexmedetomidine reduces the requirement for exogenous norepinephrine, indicating its ability to preserve blood pressure through improvements of vascular reactivity to catecholamines and angiotensin II as well as its well-known vasoconstrictive property itself 37 – 39 . Its anesthetic/analgesic-sparing effects may also have contributed to this, although we did not assess those amount 40 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, cardiac index was a little lower in the dexmedetomidine group at 12 h after ACC-off, although it was within normal range and the difference was not significant in consideration of time group interaction. This could be attributable to HR-lowering effect and vasoconstrictive properties of dexmedetomidine 39 , 43 . Although changes of HR was comparable between the groups in our study, dexmedetomidine should be used with caution to avoid critical bradycardia and cardiac collapse 43 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulmonary effects of dexmedetomidine infusion in thoracic aortic surgery under hypothermic circulatory arrest: a randomized placebo-controlled trial

Kim

Park

Nam

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Dexmedetomidine has emerged as a promising organ protective agent. We performed prospective randomized placebo-controlled trial investigating effects of perioperative dexmedetomidine infusion on pulmonary function following thoracic aortic surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass and moderate hypothermic circulatory arrest. Fifty-two patients were randomized to two groups: the dexmedetomidine group received 1 µg/kg of dexmedetomidine over 20 min after induction of anesthesia, followed by 0.5 µg/kg/h infusion until 12 h after aortic cross clamp (ACC)-off, while the control group received the same volume of normal saline. The primary endpoints were oxygenation indices including arterial O2 partial pressure (PaO2) to alveolar O2 partial pressure ratio (a/A ratio), (A–a) O2 gradient, PaO2/FiO2 and lung mechanics including peak inspiratory and plateau pressures and compliances, which were assessed after anesthesia induction, 1 h, 6 h, 12 h, and 24 h after ACC-off. The secondary endpoints were serum biomarkers including interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, superoxide dismutase, and malondialdehyde (MDA). As a result, dexmedetomidine did not confer protective effects on the lungs, but inhibited elevation of serum MDA level, indicative of anti-oxidative stress property, and improved urine output and lower requirements of vasopressors.

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Assessment of dexmedetomidine effects on left ventricular function using pressure–volume loops in rats

Cited by 7 publications

References 33 publications

The myosin activator omecamtiv mecarbil improves wall stress in a rat model of chronic aortic regurgitation

The myosin activator omecamtiv mecarbil improves wall stress in a rat model of chronic aortic regurgitation

Effects of the cardiac myosin activator Omecamtiv-mecarbil on severe chronic aortic regurgitation in Wistar rats

Pulmonary effects of dexmedetomidine infusion in thoracic aortic surgery under hypothermic circulatory arrest: a randomized placebo-controlled trial

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