The Effects of the Second Victim Phenomenon on Work-Related Outcomes: Connecting Self-Reported Caregiver Distress to Turnover Intentions and Absenteeism

Burlison, Jonathan D.; Quillivan, Rebecca R.; Scott, Susan D.; Johnson, Sherry; Hoffman, James M.

doi:10.1097/pts.0000000000000301

Cited by 113 publications

(159 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Unit-level aspects of safety culture Prior studies showed poor organisational support contributed to nurses' turnover intention (Abou Hashish, 2017;Burlison et al, 2016;Liu & Aungsuroch, 2019), and institutional supports could retain nurses (Chang et al, 2015). However, findings from the current study showed that organisational support did not have a direct effect on turnover intention, which might be related to the very limited support that the participants received from the institution.…”

Section: Ahrq (%) P-value Acontrasting

confidence: 80%

From organisational support to second victim‐related distress: Role of patient safety culture

Zhang

Guo

et al. 2019

J Nurs Manag

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Aim This cross‐sectional correlation study aimed to explore the associations among patient safety culture, organisational support, second victim‐related distress, absenteeism and turnover intentions in the registered nurses (RNs) by using structural equation modelling. Background Medical errors could cause RNs’ second victim‐related distress, which may either positively or negatively impact patient safety culture. Method The Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSOPSC) and Second Victim Experience and Support Tool (SVEST) were used to investigate 267 RNs who were involved in direct patient care and medical errors within the previous year in China. Results About half (45.3%) of nurses experienced psychological distress, and 26.6% of the nurses intended to leave. The model showed that 6 dimensions of patient safety culture have contributed to decreasing absenteeism and turnover intention via increased organisational supports and decreased second victim‐related distress. Conclusion The second victim‐related distress may be relieved, and organisational support may be enhanced through improvements in patient safety culture. Implications for nursing management Strategies are needed to establish an environment where cooperation/cooperative relationships between the supervisor and the staff nurse can be ensured.

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Section: Ahrq (%) P-value Acontrasting

confidence: 80%

From organisational support to second victim‐related distress: Role of patient safety culture

Zhang

Guo

et al. 2019

J Nurs Manag

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“…[33][34][35] Recent studies underline the importance and significance of organizational support for second victims' recovery. [36,37] In line with these findings, an increasing number of hospitals have implemented a second victim support program over the last few years. In the United States, there are three leading hospitals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 67%

The need and availability of support systems for physicians involved in a serious adverse event

Leferink

Bos²,

Heringa

et al. 2018

JHA

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Objective: Serious adverse events occur in healthcare, and do not solely have consequences for patients (first victims), but also affect physicians involved (second victims). These second victims experience diminished emotional well-being and less professional performance. An increasing number of hospitals organize support for second victims, although scientific evidence on the kind of support that is expected and needed is poor. This study therefore investigates support needs after serious adverse events from both personal (physicians) and organizational (quality and safety staff members) perspectives. Methods: We conducted semi-structured interviews in a Dutch university medical center. Physicians (N = 19) who had been directly involved in a serious adverse event participated. In addition, quality and safety staff members (N = 3) reflected on the support needs as expressed by physicians. Verbatim transcripts were three-fold coded, which led to several themes for our inductive thematic analysis. Results: Contrary to recent developments in healthcare organizations, participants did not plea for a hospital-wide support team. Acceptance of the emotional and professional impact of an adverse event by direct colleagues and supervisors is more important. Where such a cultural context is provided, physicians prefer support of a close and reliable colleague to cope with emotions and doubts, a supervisor who monitors recovery, and a healthcare organization that provides information about required procedures to learn from the events. However, this ideal was seldom found in the competitive working environment. This underlines the need for a shift from a competitive professional culture into a more supportive one. Conclusions: Ideally, direct colleagues support each other after an adverse event. This form of collegial support can only be successful if there is general acceptance of healthcare professionals' vulnerability and their support needs within the direct working environment. To create the right circumstances to meet these support needs, both healthcare professionals and hospital organizations have to recognize and take their responsibilities.

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“…The role of managers is crucial in two senses due to their role as a barrier and their role as a facilitator [10,28,42]. Managers should prepare the organization so that if a severe incident does occur, it is prepared to act, and this includes analysis of what happened and the recovery by and support for the patient and for the second victim as well.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mitigating the impact from these incidents in patients, the health organization, and its professionals is a responsibility of managers and middle managers in the health organizations [10]. One reason is to prevent the same incident from reoccurring [11] and another is to create a proactive culture of safety that creates conditions to alleviate their impact [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Second Victim Phenomenon After a Clinical Error: The Design and Evaluation of a Website to Reduce Caregivers’ Emotional Responses After a Clinical Error

Mira¹,

Carrillo²,

Guilabert³

et al. 2017

J Med Internet Res

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BackgroundAdverse events (incidents that harm a patient) can also produce emotional hardship for the professionals involved (second victims). Although a few international pioneering programs exist that aim to facilitate the recovery of the second victim, there are no known initiatives that aim to raise awareness in the professional community about this issue and prevent the situation from worsening.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to design and evaluate an online program directed at frontline hospital and primary care health professionals that raises awareness and provides information about the second victim phenomenon.MethodsThe design of the Mitigating Impact in Second Victims (MISE) online program was based on a literature review, and its contents were selected by a group of 15 experts on patient safety with experience in both clinical and academic settings. The website hosting MISE was subjected to an accreditation process by an external quality agency that specializes in evaluating health websites. The MISE structure and content were evaluated by 26 patient safety managers at hospitals and within primary care in addition to 266 frontline health care professionals who followed the program, taking into account its comprehension, usefulness of the information, and general adequacy. Finally, the amount of knowledge gained from the program was assessed with three objective measures (pre- and posttest design).ResultsThe website earned Advanced Accreditation for health websites after fulfilling required standards. The comprehension and practical value of the MISE content were positively assessed by 88% (23/26) and 92% (24/26) of patient safety managers, respectively. MISE was positively evaluated by health care professionals, who awarded it 8.8 points out of a maximum 10. Users who finished MISE improved their knowledge on patient safety terminology, prevalence and impact of adverse events and clinical errors, second victim support models, and recommended actions following a severe adverse event (P<.001).ConclusionsThe MISE program differs from existing intervention initiatives by its preventive nature in relation to the second victim phenomenon. Its online nature makes it an easily accessible tool for the professional community. This program has shown to increase user’s knowledge on this issue and it helps them correct their approach. Furthermore, it is one of the first initiatives to attempt to bring the second victim phenomenon closer to primary care.

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The Effects of the Second Victim Phenomenon on Work-Related Outcomes: Connecting Self-Reported Caregiver Distress to Turnover Intentions and Absenteeism

Cited by 113 publications

References 29 publications

From organisational support to second victim‐related distress: Role of patient safety culture

From organisational support to second victim‐related distress: Role of patient safety culture

The need and availability of support systems for physicians involved in a serious adverse event

The Second Victim Phenomenon After a Clinical Error: The Design and Evaluation of a Website to Reduce Caregivers’ Emotional Responses After a Clinical Error

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