Nickel release from stainless steel and nickel titanium archwires – An in vitro study

Hussain, Huma D.; Ajith, S.; Goel, Prachi

doi:10.1016/j.jobcr.2016.06.001

Cited by 27 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The introduction of nickel–titanium alloys in 1971 for instance brought important progress for orthodontic treatment [ 2 ].Continuous long-term contact of orthodontic materials with teeth, gingivae, and the oral environment in general results in biodegradation of metals. Thereby, the patient is exposed to increased levels of metals and metal ions [ 13 , 23 ] beyond those resulting from dietary intake and other forms of exposure. The average daily intakes of nickel and chromium in food are, for instance, estimated to be 200–300 µg nickel/day [ 8 ] and 30–100 µg chromium/day [ 21 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In general, many metallic materials are chemically resistant to corrosion as long as a surface oxide layer is present. As soon as the oxide layer dissolves, the onset of surface corrosion starts [ 4 , 9 , 13 ]. The corrosion rate is influenced by the composition of the material, the chemical and thermal environment, the surface area, and the degree of surface smoothness [ 16 , 24 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Schwermetallfreisetzungsprofile aus kieferorthopädischen Bändern Brackets und Drähten: Eine In-vitro-Untersuchung

et al. 2017

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AimThe present study evaluated the temporal release of Co Cr, Mn, and Ni from the components of a typical orthodontic appliance during simulated orthodontic treatment.Materials and methodsSeveral commercially available types of bands, brackets, and wires were exposed to an artificial saliva solution for at least 44 days and the metals released were quantified in regular intervals using inductively coupled plasma quadrupole mass spectrometry (ICP-MS, Elan DRC+, Perkin Elmer, USA). Corrosion products encountered on some products were investigated by a scanning electron microscope equipped with an energy dispersive X-ray microanalyzer (EDX).ResultsBands released the largest quantities of Co, Cr, Mn, and Ni, followed by brackets and wires. Three different temporal metal release profiles were observed: (1) constant, though not necessarily linear release, (2) saturation (metal release stopped after a certain time), and (3) an intermediate release profile that showed signs of saturation without reaching saturation. These temporal metal liberation profiles were found to be strongly dependent on the individual test pieces. The corrosion products which developed on some of the bands after a 6-month immersion in artificial saliva and the different metal release profiles of the investigated bands were traced back to different attachments welded onto the bands.ConclusionThe use of constant release rates will clearly underestimate metal intake by the patient during the first couple of days and overestimate exposure during the remainder of the treatment which is usually several months long. While our data are consistent with heavy metal release by orthodontic materials at levels well below typical dietary intake, we nevertheless recommend the use of titanium brackets and replacement of the band with a tube in cases of severe Ni or Cr allergy.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Schwermetallfreisetzungsprofile aus kieferorthopädischen Bändern Brackets und Drähten: Eine In-vitro-Untersuchung

et al. 2017

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“…Such alloys are mainly composed of 68-80% nickel and 12-26% chromium but they also contain other elements in quantities varying from 0.1 to 14% [1,2]. Recent studies indicate an increased release of nickel from orthodontic appliances into the artificial saliva or into human salivary secretions [3][4][5]. Moreover, a few studies have demonstrated a positive correlation between the enhanced nickel concentration in oral mucosa cells released from fixed orthodontic appliances and DNA damage as well as increased number of apoptotic cells [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Caspase-3 as an important factor in the early cytotoxic effect of nickel on oral mucosa cells in patients treated orthodontically

Buczko¹,

Szarmach²,

Grycz³

et al. 2017

Folia Histochem Cytobiol.

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Introduction. The effect of fixed orthodontic appliances on biochemical changes in saliva and pathophysiological status of the oral cavity is not clear. Recent data showed that nickel (Ni) released from orthodontic appliances can decrease cellular viability, induce DNA damage and apoptosis in oral mucosa cells. Since the mechanism of these Ni effects is unknown, the aim of our study was to analyze the expression of caspase-3 in epithelial cells of oral mucosa in healthy individuals treated orthodontically. Material and methods. Twenty-eight volunteers participated in the study. Epithelial cells were collected from oral mucosa directly before appliance insertion, one week after the insertion, and 24 weeks after the insertion of fixed appliances. Cellular identification and measurements were conducted by light microscopy. Caspase-3 expression was evaluated immunohistochemically. Nickel concentration in saliva was also determined. Results. A significantly higher number of oral epithelial cells with caspase-3 immunoreactivity was found one week, but not 24 weeks, after orthodontic treatment. The enhanced expression of caspase-3 was accompanied by increased nickel concentration in saliva. Conclusions. Our data suggests that nickel released from orthodontic appliances can activate caspase-3 and this mechanism may be partially responsible for the cytotoxic action of nickel in the oral cavity of orthodontically-treated individuals.

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“…The presence of MMPs that persist in gingival tissue after appliance removal can be associated with other local factors that may result from orthodontic treatment, such as metal release. Nickel, for example as a transition metal, has the ability to generate reactive oxygen species that could be linked to the activation of MMPs ( Golz et al, 2014 , Hussain et al, 2016 , Pazzini et al, 2016 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification of matrix metalloproteinases MMP-8 and MMP-9 in gingival overgrowth

Páez

Rodríguez-Cavallo

Díaz-Caballero

et al. 2021

The Saudi Dental Journal

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Nickel release from stainless steel and nickel titanium archwires – An in vitro study

Cited by 27 publications

References 23 publications

Schwermetallfreisetzungsprofile aus kieferorthopädischen Bändern Brackets und Drähten: Eine In-vitro-Untersuchung

Schwermetallfreisetzungsprofile aus kieferorthopädischen Bändern Brackets und Drähten: Eine In-vitro-Untersuchung

Caspase-3 as an important factor in the early cytotoxic effect of nickel on oral mucosa cells in patients treated orthodontically

Quantification of matrix metalloproteinases MMP-8 and MMP-9 in gingival overgrowth

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