Preparation and characterization of polymer coated partially esterified sugarcane bagasse for separation of oil from seawater

Abstract

Sugarcane bagasse (B), a low-cost agricultural waste, was modified via esterification and coating with polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and evaluated as a hydrophobic sorbent for diesel oil removal from artificial seawater. Esterification was carried out using stearic acid (SA) and CaO, the reaction conditions, including B:SA mass ratio, CaO concentration, reaction time and temperature were optimized. Additional hydrophobicity was achieved by coating the esterified bagasse (EB) with a hydrophobic polymer (PAN). The advantages of hydrophobicity were clearly expressed by decreased water absorption capacity and increased oil adsorption capacity. The presence of hydrophobic groups was evidenced through Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) measurements. FTIR spectroscopy showed some changes in the spectrum of B. XRD patterns indicated that the crystalline structure of B turned amorphous. SEM micrographs illustrated that the surface of EB roughened and PAN was unevenly deposited on it, which led to an increase in the surface area of both sorbents. Moreover, efficient desorption and resorption of diesel oil, paraffin oil, gasoline oil and vegetable oil were recorded in six cycles. Generally, the results are promising and the prepared sorbents can positively contribute to environmental remediation.

Research Progress and Prospects of Marine Oily Wastewater Treatment: A Review

“…Traditional adsorbents, such as zeolite and activated carbon, have a disadvantage of limited adsorption capacity, long adsorption time, and high cost. In recent years, scientists have developed various novel adsorbents with different materials to treat marine oily wastewater, such as foam [30], biomass [31][32][33], metal organic framework [34,35], chitosan [36][37][38], cotton [39], sponge [40][41][42], magnetite nanoparticles [43][44][45], and so on.…”

“…Abdelwahab et al [32] evaluated a modified sugarcane bagasse (B) hydrophobic sorbent for diesel oil removal from artificial seawater. Their results showed that additional hydrophobicity was achieved by coating the esterified bagasse (EB) with a hydrophobic polymer (PAN), as a peak adsorption capacity of 8.4 g/g for diesel oil and reused for more than six cycles were reported at a pH of 5.5, sorbent dose of 2 g/L, initial oil concentration of 20 g/L, and contact time of 40 min.…”

Superhydrophobic Materials from Waste: Innovative Approach

“…Another promising source of biodegradable raw material for the creation of bio-based superhydrophobic coatings is bagasse (BA), an agricultural waste often disposed of in landfills or through incineration, contributing to pollution concerns [46,[55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63]. Due to its chemical composition (as detailed in Table 3) [57,58], bagasse has garnered attention from various researchers as a supplementary material in blends with Portland cement or geopolymeric binders [60].…”

“…In a separate study, Sait et al enhanced bagasse's affinity with oil through acylation, grafting it with fatty acids [62]. Another intriguing approach involves the modification of sugarcane bagasse via esterification, employing compounds like stearic acid and calcium oxide, followed by coating with a hydrophobic polymer such as polyacrylonitrile (PAN) [63]. Building on previous research, Chengrong Qin et al undertook esterification processes to render bagasse superhydrophobic for various substrates [46].…”

Magnetic and Hydrophobic Composite Polyurethane Sponge for Oil–Water Separation

“…It is especially important to recover the leaked oil from the surface of seawater. Many materials have been used to adsorb oil from water, but their efficiency and selectivity in oil/water separation are not high enough [4][5][6][7][8][9]. Changing the wetting properties of the material surface changes the selective adsorption of water-oil.…”