The skin aging exposome

Abstract

The term "exposome" describes the totality of exposures to which an individual is subjected from conception to death. It includes both external and internal factors as well as the human body's response to these factors. Current exposome research aims to understand the effects all factors have on specific organs, yet today, the exposome of human skin has not received major attention and a corresponding definition is lacking. This review was compiled with the collaboration of European scientists, specialized in either environmental medicine or skin biology. A comprehensive review of the existing literature was performed using PubMed. The search was restricted to exposome factors and skin aging. Key review papers and all relevant, epidemiological, in vitro, ex vivo and clinical studies were analyzed to determine the key elements of the exposome influencing skin aging. Here we propose a definition of the skin aging exposome. It is based on a summary of the existing scientific evidence for the role of exposome factors in skin aging. We also identify future research needs which concern knowledge about the interaction of distinct exposomal factors with each other and the resulting net effects on skin aging and suggest some protective measures.

Vichy mineralizing water with hyaluronic acid is effective and well tolerated as an adjunct to the management of various dermatoses and after esthetic procedures

“…1 The primary role of the skin is to serve as a barrier, protecting our body from potential assault from microorganisms, toxic substances, and other external physical, chemical, or organic factors. 3 Mineral 89 (M89, Laboratoires Vichy) contains 89% Vichy mineralizing water (VMW) as a hydrating agent and 0.4% hyaluronic acid (HA); an extracellular matrix component with viscoelastic and hygroscopic properties is able to control diverse cell processes and transepidermal water loss. Thus, adequate skin hydration is essential to preserve elasticity and resistance properties.…”

How to prevent skin damage from air pollution. Part 1: Exposure assessment

“…Krutmann's research team (Krutmann, Bouloc, Sore, Bernard, & Passeron, 2017) proposed the following as the major environmental factors associated with skin aging: solar radiation, atmospheric pollution, tobacco smoke, nutrition, and cosmetic products. This innovative concept was also implemented by Dréno, Bettoli, Araviiskaia, Sanchez Viera, and Bouloc (2018); in the example of acne, this would mean accurate assessment of nutrition, medication, occupational factors, pollutants, climatic and lifestyle factors.…”

Equol’s Anti-Aging Effects Protect against Environmental Assaults by Increasing Skin Antioxidant Defense and ECM Proteins While Decreasing Oxidative Stress and Inflammation

“…However, air pollution represents either indoor or outdoor environmental exposure to any chemical, physical, or biological agent. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has classified pollutants into six categories arising from metal/industrial plants (lead); particulate matter (PM) (both fine at 2.5 microns or 10 microns) or gases (O 3 , CO 2 , CO, SO 2 , NO 2 ) from soot, exhaust or industrial sources; nitrogen oxide from car exhaust; sulfur oxide from industrial plants; or ozone (at ground level), all of which are known to generate ROS [3,40,41]. The first published reports on air pollution and skin aging appeared in the Journal of Investigative Dermatology in 2010 [42,43].…”