Basal Ganglia Calcification in Psychiatric Inpatients: A Case-Control Study

Mufaddel, Amir; Osman, Ossama T.; Al-Hassani, Ghanem; Al-Bedwawi, Shakhbout; Hashim, M. Jawad

doi:10.1097/wnn.0000000000000099

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…When the basal ganglia calcifications are secondary to a known cause, the disease is referred to as Fahr's syndrome. [10][11][12] In our patient Fahr´s disease was ruled out by the genetic examination. The laboratory results (low S-Ca, high S-P, high S-PTH) helped us to arrive at the diagnosis of PHP, which was later confirmed and detailed by MLPA as PHP Ib.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Fahr's disease is caused by mutations in SLC20A2 gene, encoding sodium-dependent phosphate transporter 2 (PiT-2) that plays a major role in phosphate homeostasis by transporting phosphate across cell membranes. [10][11][12] Fahr's disease is usually inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern. Sporadic and autosomal recessive cases have been also reported.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fahr´s Syndrome; Pseudohypoparathyroidism Type Ib Masquerading as Epileptic Seizures

Kutı́lek

Plášilová

Talábová

et al. 2022

Kathmandu Univ. Med. J.

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Hypocalcaemia of various origin can be manifested by paresthesia, muscle cramps, muscle weakness, syncope, convulsions and even severe psychomotor retardation. Such symptoms can be initially considered as signs of epilepsy. We present a 12-year old boy with partial seizures and basal ganglia calcifications, initially diagnosed as having Fahr´s disease and epilepsy, where severe hypocalcaemia, due to genetically confirmed pseudohypoparathyroidism type Ib was the underlying cause. Excellent clinical improvement was observed after calcium and vitamin D therapy. The basal ganglia calcifications were secondary due to chronic hypocalcaemia, therefore the appropriate diagnosis was pseudohypoparathyroidism type Ib with Fahr´s syndrome, but not Fahr´s disease. In conclusion, the serum evaluation of minerals, especially calcium and phosphate, should be performed in all patients with convulsions, cramps and psychomotor retardation. This is essential in arriving at a proper diagnosis and early initiation of appropriate treatment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fahr´s Syndrome; Pseudohypoparathyroidism Type Ib Masquerading as Epileptic Seizures

Kutı́lek

Plášilová

Talábová

et al. 2022

Kathmandu Univ. Med. J.

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“…In the first and second cases, the late onset of the symptoms raises the index of suspicion for an underlying neurological cause. Mufaddel et al reported that patients with BGC tend to develop psychiatric symptoms later in life than other psychiatric patients and have higher rates of medical comorbidities [9]. In the third case, the patient had a chronic diagnosis of schizophrenia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On Neuropsychiatric Manifestations of Basal Ganglia Injury: A Report of Three Cases and Literature Review

Azizi

Kilpatrick

Olayinka

et al. 2019

Case Reports in Neurological Medicine

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The basal ganglia have been considered to primarily play a role in motor processing. A growing body of theoretical and clinical evidence shows that in addition to the motor functions the basal ganglia play a key role in perceptual and visual disturbances. This role may be evident in patients with basal ganglia pathology and subsequent manifestation of symptoms that include cognitive, perceptual, and affective disturbances. We present three cases with basal ganglia pathology that demonstrate affective and psychotic symptoms. Two of the cases presented with late onset psychotic disturbances suggesting likely neurological etiologies. The third case presented with treatment refractory psychosis and symptoms that are rare for a diagnosis of schizophrenia. The role of incidental bilateral basal ganglia calcifications in all the cases is discussed. A review of current literature highlighting various neuropsychiatric manifestations of basal ganglia pathologies in various patients with psychiatric symptoms is presented.

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“…The most common site of calcification was reported in the basal ganglia. The later was studied separately compared with controls and the results of the study were previously published [9]. Calcification were also reported in falx cerebri, pineal gland and calcified frontal lobe meningioma.…”

Section: Socio-demographic and Psychiatric Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Radiological Abnormalities Among Psychiatric Inpatients: A Study from the United Arab Emirates

Mufaddel¹,

Hassani²,

Bedwawi³

et al. 2019

AJPN

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Background: This is a cross sectional retrospective study aimed to estimate the prevalence of brain aberrations visible on computed tomography (CT) scan or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in psychiatric patients admitted to the main tertiary hospital of Alain city in the United Arab Emirates. Methods: Between January 2011 and December 2013, 1,586 patients were admitted study of patients admitted to the psychiatric ward in Al Ain Hospital. Head CT or brain MRI was requested for 295 (19%) patients. Results: Ninety-four (31.8%) of the 295 patients had abnormalities on the CT or MRI. The most common finding was calcification, detected in 21 (22.3%) patients. The most common site of calcification was the basal ganglia (15 patients, or 16%). Multiple site involvements were also common (16 patients, or 17%). Other types of brain abnormalities included evolutionary changes (dilated ventricles, atrophy and prominent sulci) reported in 13 patients which represent 4.4% of the total sample and 13.8% of those with positive findings. Similar number was reported for patients with findings of vascular lesions (ischemic changes / infarction). Basal ganglia was the most common site of reported involvement occurring in 19 subjects and representing 6.4% of the total sample and 20.2% of those with positive findings. Common age at presentation with positive findings was 30-39y. Conclusions: Radiological abnormalities are common among psychiatric inpatients. Future studies are needed to identify the potential significance of these findings and correlate them with patient's psychopathology.

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Basal Ganglia Calcification in Psychiatric Inpatients: A Case-Control Study

Abstract: Patients with BGC tend to develop psychiatric symptoms later in life than other psychiatric patients, and have higher rates of medical comorbidities. Many patients with BGC have cognitive symptoms, which can be concurrent with a mood or psychotic disorder.

Cited by 5 publications

References 14 publications

Fahr´s Syndrome; Pseudohypoparathyroidism Type Ib Masquerading as Epileptic Seizures

Fahr´s Syndrome; Pseudohypoparathyroidism Type Ib Masquerading as Epileptic Seizures

On Neuropsychiatric Manifestations of Basal Ganglia Injury: A Report of Three Cases and Literature Review

Prevalence of Radiological Abnormalities Among Psychiatric Inpatients: A Study from the United Arab Emirates

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