Five-week sensory motor training program improves functional performance and postural control in young male soccer players – A blind randomized clinical trial
“…Others (Benis et al, 2016; Hammami et al; Malliou et al, 2004; 2016; Pau et al, 2012; Verhagen et al, 2002; Zech et al, 2010) described neuromuscular or proprioceptive training and included multi-intervention programs with a combination of balance, strength, plyometric, and sport-specific exercises. Some authors describe the implemented exercises as balance training (Verhagen et al, 2005; Gioftsidou et al, 2006), and others call it sensorimotor training (Heleno et al, 2016; Pauet al, 2011), neuromuscular training (Zech et al, 2014; Benis et al, 2016) or proprioceptive training (Eils et al, 2010; Malliou et al, 2004; Mandelbaum et al, 2005). However, the most common term used seems to be balance training.…”
Section: Balance Trainingmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The participants push the reach-indicator block with one foot in the anterior, posteromedial and posterolateral directions while standing on the other foot on a central footplate. Some researchers used the Modified Star Excursion Balance Test (MSEBT), where the subjects performed movements in the same directions as in the YBT (Zech et al, 2014; Heleno et al, 2016). Dynamic balance was also evaluated by a jumping test.…”
Section: Balance Trainingmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Dynamic balance was also evaluated by a jumping test. For example, Heleno et al (2016) conducted the Side Hop Test (SHT) with lateral jumps, and the Figure Eight Test (F8) using forward jumps with rotation. O’Malley et al (2016) used the Landing Error Scoring System (LESS).…”
Section: Balance Trainingmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The balance training programs typically included progression of the exercises. In some studies, balance exercises were performed first with the eyes open and then with the eyes closed in order to increase the difficulty (Hammami et al, 2016; Heleno et al, 2016; McGuine and Keene, 2006; Verhagen et al, 2005). Additionally, the balance training programs included transitions from a double-leg stance to a single-leg stance (Gioftsidou et al, 2006; O’Malley et al, 2016; Pau et al, 2011) on a stable or unstable surface (Eisen et al, 2010; Manolopoulos et al, 2015; Steib et al, 2016).…”
Section: Equipment and Exercisesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Although the SEBT was the most popular in these studies, at least two difficulties accompanied this procedure. In many cases, the SEBT was assessed only in three directions that corresponded to the YBT (Filipa et al, 2012; Imai et al, 2014; Heleno et al, 2016). In addition, in several studies, the results were presented as composite reach scores (Daneshjoo et al, 2012; Eisen et al, 2010; Pfile et al, 2016).…”
Section: The Influence Of Balance Training On Balance In Various Spormentioning
It has become almost routine practice to incorporate balance exercises into training programs for athletes from different sports. However, the type of training that is most efficient remains unclear, as well as the frequency, intensity and duration of the exercise that would be most beneficial have not yet been determined. The following review is based on papers that were found through computerized searches of PubMed and SportDiscus from 2000 to 2016. Articles related to balance training, testing, and injury prevention in young healthy athletes were considered. Based on a Boolean search strategy the independent researchers performed a literature review. A total of 2395 articles were evaluated, yet only 50 studies met the inclusion criteria. In most of the reviewed articles, balance training has proven to be an effective tool for the improvement of postural control. It is difficult to establish one model of training that would be appropriate for each sport discipline, including its characteristics and demands. The main aim of this review was to identify a training protocol based on most commonly used interventions that led to improvements in balance. Our choice was specifically established on the assessment of the effects of balance training on postural control and injury prevention as well as balance training methods. The analyses including papers in which training protocols demonstrated positive effects on balance performance suggest that an efficient training protocol should last for 8 weeks, with a frequency of two training sessions per week, and a single training session of 45 min. This standard was established based on 36 reviewed studies.
“…Others (Benis et al, 2016; Hammami et al; Malliou et al, 2004; 2016; Pau et al, 2012; Verhagen et al, 2002; Zech et al, 2010) described neuromuscular or proprioceptive training and included multi-intervention programs with a combination of balance, strength, plyometric, and sport-specific exercises. Some authors describe the implemented exercises as balance training (Verhagen et al, 2005; Gioftsidou et al, 2006), and others call it sensorimotor training (Heleno et al, 2016; Pauet al, 2011), neuromuscular training (Zech et al, 2014; Benis et al, 2016) or proprioceptive training (Eils et al, 2010; Malliou et al, 2004; Mandelbaum et al, 2005). However, the most common term used seems to be balance training.…”
Section: Balance Trainingmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The participants push the reach-indicator block with one foot in the anterior, posteromedial and posterolateral directions while standing on the other foot on a central footplate. Some researchers used the Modified Star Excursion Balance Test (MSEBT), where the subjects performed movements in the same directions as in the YBT (Zech et al, 2014; Heleno et al, 2016). Dynamic balance was also evaluated by a jumping test.…”
Section: Balance Trainingmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Dynamic balance was also evaluated by a jumping test. For example, Heleno et al (2016) conducted the Side Hop Test (SHT) with lateral jumps, and the Figure Eight Test (F8) using forward jumps with rotation. O’Malley et al (2016) used the Landing Error Scoring System (LESS).…”
Section: Balance Trainingmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The balance training programs typically included progression of the exercises. In some studies, balance exercises were performed first with the eyes open and then with the eyes closed in order to increase the difficulty (Hammami et al, 2016; Heleno et al, 2016; McGuine and Keene, 2006; Verhagen et al, 2005). Additionally, the balance training programs included transitions from a double-leg stance to a single-leg stance (Gioftsidou et al, 2006; O’Malley et al, 2016; Pau et al, 2011) on a stable or unstable surface (Eisen et al, 2010; Manolopoulos et al, 2015; Steib et al, 2016).…”
Section: Equipment and Exercisesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Although the SEBT was the most popular in these studies, at least two difficulties accompanied this procedure. In many cases, the SEBT was assessed only in three directions that corresponded to the YBT (Filipa et al, 2012; Imai et al, 2014; Heleno et al, 2016). In addition, in several studies, the results were presented as composite reach scores (Daneshjoo et al, 2012; Eisen et al, 2010; Pfile et al, 2016).…”
Section: The Influence Of Balance Training On Balance In Various Spormentioning
It has become almost routine practice to incorporate balance exercises into training programs for athletes from different sports. However, the type of training that is most efficient remains unclear, as well as the frequency, intensity and duration of the exercise that would be most beneficial have not yet been determined. The following review is based on papers that were found through computerized searches of PubMed and SportDiscus from 2000 to 2016. Articles related to balance training, testing, and injury prevention in young healthy athletes were considered. Based on a Boolean search strategy the independent researchers performed a literature review. A total of 2395 articles were evaluated, yet only 50 studies met the inclusion criteria. In most of the reviewed articles, balance training has proven to be an effective tool for the improvement of postural control. It is difficult to establish one model of training that would be appropriate for each sport discipline, including its characteristics and demands. The main aim of this review was to identify a training protocol based on most commonly used interventions that led to improvements in balance. Our choice was specifically established on the assessment of the effects of balance training on postural control and injury prevention as well as balance training methods. The analyses including papers in which training protocols demonstrated positive effects on balance performance suggest that an efficient training protocol should last for 8 weeks, with a frequency of two training sessions per week, and a single training session of 45 min. This standard was established based on 36 reviewed studies.
BT is a highly effective means to improve balance performance with moderate to large effects on static and dynamic balance in healthy youth irrespective of age, sex, training status, setting and testing method. The examined training modalities did not have a moderating effect on balance performance in healthy adolescents. Thus, we conclude that an additional but so far unidentified training modality may have a major effect on balance performance that was not assessed in our analysis. Training intensity could be a promising candidate. However, future studies are needed to find appropriate methods to assess BT intensity.
Concerning balance training, the most effective design of several load dimensions
(e. g., training frequency, volume) is unclear. Thus, we determined the
effects of different balance training volumes on dynamic balance in healthy
children. Three groups of 20 children (age: 11.0±0.7 years; 47%
females) were randomly assigned to a balance training group using a low or a
high training volume or an active control group that performed regular physical
education lessons. All groups trained for 8 weeks (2 sessions/week),
whereby balance training volume amounted to 4 min/session and
18–24 min/session for the low- and high-volume group,
respectively. Pre- and post-training, balance performance was assessed using the
Lower Quarter Y-Balance Test and the Timed-Up-and-Go Test. Fifty-five children
completed the study and significant Test x Group interactions were detected for
both outcome measures in favor of the two balance training groups. Additionally,
improvements in the high-volume group were significantly larger for some
measures (Y-balance test anterior reach distance: p<.001,
d=.94; Timed-Up-and-Go time: p=.003,
d=.81) compared to the low-volume group. The results indicate
that balance training is effective to improve balance performance in healthy
children and it seems that a 36–48 min/week compared to
an 8 min/week training volume provides additional effects.
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