“…NMDA receptor dysfunction has also been implicated as one outcome of maternal immune activation (MIA), a risk factor for the development of schizophrenia (Hao et al, 2019;Meyer et al, 2008aMeyer et al, , 2008b. MIA during the first and early second trimester has emerged as a significant etiological risk factor for the development of schizophrenia (Brown and Derkits, 2010;Khandaker et al, 2013;Patterson, 2009), and rodent models of MIA have shown a broad range of schizophrenia-relevant anatomical, neurochemical, and behavioral deficits (Boksa, 2010;Deane et al, 2017;Luchicchi et al, 2016;Meyer et al, 2005;Millar et al, 2017;Patterson, 2009), including NMDAR receptor hypofunction (Roenker et al, 2011). Because both MIA and ketamine influence NMDA receptor functioning and both manipulations are used to model schizophrenia, it raises the question of whether the MIA-induced changes in subjective state are similar to those induced by ketamine.…”