The American Journal of Cardiology

2016

DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2016.06.055

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Two-Decade Trends in the Prevalence of Atherosclerotic Risk Factors, Coronary Plaque Morphology, and Outcomes in Adults Aged ≤45 Years Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Kanhaiya L. Poddar

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Siddharth A. Wayangankar

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et al.

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Challenges Of Remote Ischemic Conditioning In Diabetic Cardi1

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Cited by 6 publications

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“…A slight decrease in the mean age of CABG patients was found in the second period mainly in patients younger than 50 years. A study conducted in Iran showed similar results, with a reduction in the mean age and increase in CABG patients younger than 50 years in 2016 [23]. This finding may be due to the increased development of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Patients: Comparison Between Two Periods

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et al. 2020

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Background Information showing risk factor trends in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft in Saudi Arabia is scarce. Thus, we aimed to compare cardiovascular risk factors among coronary artery bypass graft patients between two periods: 2012 and 2018. Methods This was a cross-sectional study based on hospital records at a tertiary center in Saudi Arabia. The medical records of 72 patients in 2012 and 111 patients in 2018 were reviewed. The study included all patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting for the first time. The chi-square test and independent t-test were used for statistical analysis; P-values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results The mean (SD) of the patient age was 61.21 (9.74) years in the first period and 58.01 (11.14) years in the second period. The number of patients who smoked was significantly higher in the second period of the study (14.3% in the first period; 27.0% in the second period; P < 0.001). The study also showed an increase in hypertension and diabetes mellitus in the second period compared to the first (70% vs 71.2% and 68.6% vs 72.1%, respectively), and a reduction in the percentage of patients with hypercholesterolemia (18.3% vs 17.1%). However, these findings were non-significant. Conclusions The percentage of smokers was significantly higher in the second period of this research as a consequence of cultural variation and because of the popularity of water-pipe smoking in the society. We recommend the need for increased awareness regarding smoking and the implementation of smoking-cessation programs.

“…A slight decrease in the mean age of CABG patients was found in the second period mainly in patients younger than 50 years. A study conducted in Iran showed similar results, with a reduction in the mean age and increase in CABG patients younger than 50 years in 2016 [23]. This finding may be due to the increased development of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Patients: Comparison Between Two Periods

¹

,

²

,

³

et al. 2020

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Background Information showing risk factor trends in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft in Saudi Arabia is scarce. Thus, we aimed to compare cardiovascular risk factors among coronary artery bypass graft patients between two periods: 2012 and 2018. Methods This was a cross-sectional study based on hospital records at a tertiary center in Saudi Arabia. The medical records of 72 patients in 2012 and 111 patients in 2018 were reviewed. The study included all patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting for the first time. The chi-square test and independent t-test were used for statistical analysis; P-values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results The mean (SD) of the patient age was 61.21 (9.74) years in the first period and 58.01 (11.14) years in the second period. The number of patients who smoked was significantly higher in the second period of the study (14.3% in the first period; 27.0% in the second period; P < 0.001). The study also showed an increase in hypertension and diabetes mellitus in the second period compared to the first (70% vs 71.2% and 68.6% vs 72.1%, respectively), and a reduction in the percentage of patients with hypercholesterolemia (18.3% vs 17.1%). However, these findings were non-significant. Conclusions The percentage of smokers was significantly higher in the second period of this research as a consequence of cultural variation and because of the popularity of water-pipe smoking in the society. We recommend the need for increased awareness regarding smoking and the implementation of smoking-cessation programs.

“…Poddar et al, in a study analyzing the evolutionary trend of PCI in young patients, during a 20-year period (1992 to 2012), reported the same results, with an increasing number of type B 2 /C and long lesions, which were addressed when drug-eluting stents were launched. 21 However, the reduction in interventions in chronic total occlusions, despite improved techniques and materials used, may be related to the more frequent evaluation of myocardial viability. 22,23 In addition, drug-eluting stents were not provided by the SUS in the first periods, and patients were referred for coronary artery bypass graft.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal analysis of percutaneous coronary intervention in diabetic patients. Data from a national registry

et al. 2019

J Transcat Intervent

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Background: Few publications have evaluated temporal trends and outcomes of percutaneous coronary intervention in diabetic patients in the contemporary era. Our objective was to verify characteristics, procedural results and mortality of percutaneous coronary intervention in diabetic subjects in Brazil in the last 10 years. Methods: We analyzed the percutaneous coronary interventions registered in the Brazilian National Registry of Cardiovascular Interventions (CENIC) of

“…Patients with diabetes have a significantly higher incidence of coronary heart disease compared with non-diabetic individuals 55, 86 . At present, 15% to 30% of the patients who undergo coronary artery surgery are diabetic 87– 89 .…”

Section: Challenges Of Remote Ischemic Conditioning In Diabetic Cardimentioning

confidence: 99%

The application of remote ischemic conditioning in cardiac surgery

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2017

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Perioperative myocardial ischemia and infarction are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality following anesthesia and surgery. The discovery of endogenous cardioprotective mechanisms has led to testing of new methods to protect the human heart. These approaches have included ischemic pre-conditioning, per-conditioning, post-conditioning, and remote conditioning of the myocardium. Pre-conditioning and per-conditioning include brief and repetitive periods of sub-lethal ischemia before and during prolonged ischemia, respectively; and post-conditioning is applied at the onset of reperfusion. Remote ischemic conditioning involves transient, repetitive, non-lethal ischemia and reperfusion in one organ or tissue (remote from the heart) that renders myocardium more resistant to lethal ischemia/reperfusion injury. In healthy, young hearts, many conditioning maneuvers can significantly increase the resistance of the heart against ischemia/reperfusion injury. The large multicenter clinical trials with ischemic remote conditioning have not been proven successful in cardiac surgery thus far. The lack of clinical success is due to underlying risk factors that interfere with remote ischemic conditioning and the use of cardioprotective agents that have activated the endogenous cardioprotective mechanisms prior to remote ischemic conditioning. Future preclinical research using remote ischemic conditioning will need to be conducted using comorbid models.

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