Complicated malaria symptoms associated with Plasmodium vivax among patients visiting health facilities in Mendi town, Northwest Ethiopia

Demissie, Yohannes; Ketema, Tsige

doi:10.1186/s12879-016-1780-z

Cited by 19 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Evaluation of clinical data between categorical groups of parasitemia identified significant differences in levels of hemoglobin ( P = 0.0005), RBC ( P < 0.0001), white blood cell (WBC) ( P = 0.0055), platelets ( P = 0.0211), ALT ( P = 0.033) and AST ( P = 0.034). Consistent with previous reports, we also identified significant correlations between parasitemia and levels of clinical parameters that include hemoglobin, RBCs, WBCs and platelets (Ketema and Bacha, 2013; Kotepui et al, 2015; Demissie and Ketema, 2016; Rodrigues-da-Silva et al, 2014). Demographics and clinical characteristics of the study population are described in Table 1.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Metabolome-wide association study of peripheral parasitemia in Plasmodium vivax malaria

Gardinassi

Cordy

Lacerda

et al. 2017

International Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Background Plasmodium vivax is one of the leading causes of malaria worldwide. Infections with this parasite cause diverse clinical manifestations, and recent studies revealed that infections with P. vivax can result in severe and fatal disease. Despite these facts, biological traits of the host response and parasite metabolism during P. vivax malaria are still largely underexplored. Parasitemia is clearly related to progression and severity of malaria caused by P. falciparum, however the effects of parasitemia during infections with P. vivax are not well understood. Results We conducted an exploratory study using a high-resolution metabolomics platform that uncovered significant associations between parasitemia levels and plasma metabolites from 150 patients with P. vivax malaria. Most plasma metabolites were inversely associated with higher levels of parasitemia. Top predicted metabolites are implicated into pathways of heme and lipid metabolism, which include biliverdin, bilirubin, palmitoylcarnitine, stearoylcarnitine, phosphocholine, glycerophosphocholine, oleic acid and omega-carboxytrinor-leukotriene B4. Conclusions The abundance of several plasma metabolites varies according to the levels of parasitemia in patients with P. vivax malaria. Moreover, our data suggest that the host response and/or parasite survival might be affected by metabolites involved in the degradation of heme and metabolism of several lipids. Importantly, these data highlight metabolic pathways that may serve as targets for the development of new antimalarial compounds.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Metabolome-wide association study of peripheral parasitemia in Plasmodium vivax malaria

Gardinassi

Cordy

Lacerda

et al. 2017

International Journal of Medical Microbiology

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“…Vomiting is one of the symptoms considered in clinical diagnosis of malaria [42,43]. Moreover, all doctors agree that nausea and vomiting are significant symptoms that help them make an initial prediction for a malaria case.…”

Section: Significant Symptoms and Non-symptom-related Factorsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Headache (S2) is another significant feature for malaria diagnosis. Some malaria studies and Indonesian guidelines about malaria treatment include headache as a malaria symptom [10,[42][43][44].…”

Section: Significant Symptoms and Non-symptom-related Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From the doctors' perspective, a fever or fever history in the last few days is the most important factor in clinical diagnosis of malaria. The literature on clinical diagnosis shows that a fever or fever history in the last few days is a main symptom for malaria diagnosis [10,42,43]. The interview results with eight experienced doctors also show that a starting point for predicting malaria is whether the patient has a fever or history of fever in the last 48 hours for those who live in endemic areas, or in the last seven days for those who live in non-endemic areas.…”

Section: Significant Symptoms and Non-symptom-related Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to the CM value shown in Table 4, this factor has a weak relationship with the diagnosis result. Some studies also find that malaria prevalence among female and male patients are almost equal [43,54,55]. Also, the eight medical doctors interviewed do not regard gender as a significant factor for clinical diagnosis of malaria.…”

Section: Significant Symptoms and Non-symptom-related Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Significant Symptoms and Non-Symptom-Related Factors for Malaria Diagnosis in Endemic Regions of Indonesia

Bria

Yeh

Bedingfield

2020

Preprint

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Background: In rural areas of Indonesia, where parasitological tests are not always available, a knowledge of significant symptoms and non-symptom-related factors is crucial for clinical diagnosis of malaria in order to take appropriate actions for treatment. Malaria diagnosis at early stages can avoid a progression in severity of the conditions and possible transmission of the disease. With insufficient knowledge of significant malaria symptoms and non-symptom-related factors for clinical diagnosis of malaria, medical doctors may presumptively treat febrile patients, which leads to an increase in resistance to antimalarial drugs.Methods: The study involves five stages. First, medical records are collected from patients suffering from malaria and other febrile diseases such as dengue fever, typhoid fever, respiratory tract infection, dyspepsia, pneumonia, common cold and gastritis. The records are obtained from two public hospitals in endemic regions in Indonesia’s East Nusa Tenggara Province, East Sumba and Lembata. Second, interviews with eight Indonesian medical doctors are conducted to understand the symptoms and non-symptom-related factors they use for clinical diagnosis of malaria. Third, symptoms and non-symptom-related factors from 472 collected medical records are selected and ranked using the correlation matrix method. Fourth, the 17 feature sets extracted from the ranked features are used to develop and compare various malaria classifiers using three machine-learning techniques, including logistic regression, support vector machines and k-nearest neighbors. Fifth, the most significant symptoms and non-symptom-related factors are identified for malaria diagnosis using the malaria classifiers developed. In addition, further experiments and comparisons are conducted to examine the performance of malaria classifiers using various feature sets.Results: (a) Out of 17 features identified from medical records, six significant symptoms (duration of fever, headache, nausea and vomiting, heartburn, pain and severe symptoms), and two non-symptom-related factors (history of malaria and age) contribute most to malaria diagnosis. These significant features can be used for malaria diagnosis with an average 85% accuracy. (b) As a symptom, duration of fever is more significant than temperature or fever for distinguishing malaria from other febrile diseases. (c) Trios malaria symptoms (fever, shivering and sweating) are shown to be less significant than other symptoms in endemic regions.Conclusions: The findings of this study can be used to raise the public awareness of significant malaria symptoms and non-symptom-related factors within societies vulnerable to malaria. These findings can also be used for helping unexperienced medical doctors with clinical diagnosis of malaria especially in rural areas, where the availability of parasitological tests is scarce.

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Plasmodium vivax in Children: Hidden Burden and Conspicuous Challenges, a Narrative Review

Gharbi¹,

Tan²,

Martín³

et al. 2022

Infect Dis Ther

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There has been progress towards decreasing malaria prevalence globally; however, Plasmodium vivax has been less responsive to elimination efforts compared with Plasmodium falciparum . P. vivax malaria remains a serious public health concern in regions where it is the dominant species (South and South-East Asia, the Eastern Mediterranean region, and South America) and is increasingly recognized for its contribution to overall morbidity and mortality worldwide. The incidence of P. vivax decreases with increasing age owing to rapidly acquired clinical immunity and there is a disproportionate burden of P. vivax in infants and children, who remain highly vulnerable to severe disease, recurrence, and anemia with associated developmental impacts. Diagnosis is sometimes difficult owing to the sensitivity of diagnostic tests to detect low levels of parasitemia. Additionally, the propensity of P. vivax to relapse following reactivation of dormant hypnozoites in the liver contributes to disease recurrence in infants and children, and potentiates morbidity and transmission. The 8-aminoquinolines, primaquine and tafenoquine, provide radical cure (relapse prevention). However, the risk of hemolysis in patients with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency necessitates testing prior to administration of 8-aminoquinolines, which has limited their uptake. Additional challenges include lack of availability of pediatric dose formulations and problems with adherence to primaquine owing to the length of treatment recommended. A paucity of data and studies specific to pediatric P. vivax malaria impacts the ability to deliver targeted interventions. It is imperative that P. vivax in infants and children be the focus of future research, control initiatives, and anti-malarial drug development. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40121-022-00713-w.

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Complicated malaria symptoms associated with Plasmodium vivax among patients visiting health facilities in Mendi town, Northwest Ethiopia

Cited by 19 publications

References 42 publications

Metabolome-wide association study of peripheral parasitemia in Plasmodium vivax malaria

Metabolome-wide association study of peripheral parasitemia in Plasmodium vivax malaria

Significant Symptoms and Non-Symptom-Related Factors for Malaria Diagnosis in Endemic Regions of Indonesia

Plasmodium vivax in Children: Hidden Burden and Conspicuous Challenges, a Narrative Review

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