Relationships between different nutritional anthropometric statuses and health-related fitness of South African primary school children

Armstrong, Miranda; Lambert, Michael; Lambert, Estelle V.

doi:10.1080/03014460.2016.1224386

Cited by 20 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Muscular power of the lower limb. Lower limb explosive power was evaluated by a long jump test [17,18,20,21,23,25,33,34,36,37]. The validity and reliability of jump tests have been previously evaluated in children by several authors [31,32,38].…”

Section: Physical Fitnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Flexibility. Hip and low back flexibility were evaluated by the Sit & Reach test [17,18,20,21,23,25,33,34], whose reliability and validity have been previously assessed in the literature [32,41]. In a seated position with their knees extended and their feet placed firmly against a vertical support, children reached forward along the measuring line as far as possible with their arms at the same level.…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, research has found positive associations between children's adiposity and physical fitness, regardless of physical activity levels [10]. In particular, several authors have linked higher BMIs to poor performance in weight bearing activities, i.e., activities that require moving bodyweight through space [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25], while inconsistences have been found in the association between children's weight status and muscular strength [18,20,21,[23][24][25]. Given the connections that are present among fitness, weight and health status, monitoring physical fitness levels in prepubertal children may be essential to prevent fitness deficiencies, obesity and their possible health-related consequences [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relationship between body mass index and physical fitness in Italian prepubertal schoolchildren

et al. 2020

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The objective of this study was to investigate the association between physical fitness and body mass index categories (obesity, OB; overweight, OW; normal-weight, NW; and underweight, UW) in prepubertal children. Anthropometric and physical fitness characteristics were collected from a convenience sample of 30472 Italian schoolchildren (6-11 years old). Six field-based tests were used: Lé ger, agility shuttle, long jump, frontal throw of the basketball, Sit & Reach and standing balance. Significant differences were found in the anthropometric characteristics, physical fitness and weight status prevalence between girls and boys (p<0.05) and, except for flexibility, by age class (p<0.05). Obese children performed worse than their NW counterparts in aerobic capacity (p<0.001), agility (p<0.001), muscular power of the lower limb (p<0.001) and balance (p<0.001). Conversely, children with obesity showed greater upper limb power than NW children (p<0.001). The discrepancy in physical fitness between OB and NW children increased in older girls (flexibility, p = 0.002; muscular power of the lower and upper limb, p = 0.002 and p = 0.005) and boys (aerobic capacity, p = 0.009; agility, p = 0.006; standing balance, p = 0.019; muscular power of the lower and upper limb, p<0.001 and p = 0.011) compared to their younger counterparts. On the other hand, UW children performed worse than NW children mainly in terms of muscular power of the arms (p<0.001). Additionally, there was an increasing disparity in the frontal throw test scores of UW and NW girls (p = 0.003) and boys (p = 0.011) in older children compared to younger children. In conclusion, the effect of body mass index on children's physical fitness intensifies with age. OB and OW negatively affect aerobic capacity, agility, lower limb power and balance but positively affect upper limb power. UW negatively affects upper limb power. This study underscores the importance of preventing childhood OW, OB, and UW in early life to promote children's health and proper fitness development.

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Section: Physical Fitnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relationship between body mass index and physical fitness in Italian prepubertal schoolchildren

et al. 2020

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“…noted that these findings were much higher than the baseline values of 1.2 and 0.2% prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity respectively in 1994 [ 63 ]. Again, Armstrong et.al [ 64 ]. study involving school children aged 6 to 13 years old reported a combined overweight and obesity prevalence of 15.4% (1564/10,285).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence, incidence, and trends of childhood overweight/obesity in Sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic scoping review

et al. 2020

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Background The growing burden of non-communicable diseases (NDC), particularly in low-and middle-income countries, poses a significant threat to global health. Obesity and overweight constitute major risk factors of NCDs such as heart diseases, diabetes, and kidney disease, and as a result, contribute significantly to the development of chronic morbidities, reduced quality of life, and increased risk of premature death. This study described evidence on the prevalence, incidence, and trends of childhood overweight and obesity in sub-Sahara Africa (SSA). Methods We conducted a systematic scoping review employing the Arksey and O’Malley framework, Levac et al. recommendations, and the Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines. To obtain relevant published articles for this review, we performed a comprehensive keywords search in PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and CINAHL via EBSCOhost platform for studies published between 2009 and June 2019. Guided by the eligibility criteria, title and abstracts, as well as the full-text articles were independently screened in parallel by two investigators. All relevant data were independently extracted by two investigators using a piloted form designed in Microsoft and thematic analysis conducted. Results Of the 81 included studies obtained from 250,148 potentially eligible articles, the majority (25) conducted in South Africa followed by 18 in Nigeria. Six studies were conducted in Ethiopia (6), Tanzania (5), Kenya (4), Cameroon (4), Ghana (3), Uganda (2), Mozambique (2), and Sudan (2). One study each was conducted in Botswana, Gambia, Lesotho, Mauritius, Seychelles, Togo, and Zimbabwe. The remaining three articles were multi-country studies. Most (81.5%) of the included studies were cross-sectional surveys and the majority (79) focused on both male and female participants. The majority (80/81) of the included studies reported on the prevalence of childhood overweight/obesity, 8 on the trends of childhood overweight/obesity, and one presented evidence on the incidence of childhood overweight and obesity in SSA. Conclusion This review demonstrates limited studies on childhood overweight/obesity in most SSA countries although the included studies suggest an increasing burden. Considering the consequences of childhood obesity, there is a need for more primary researches to inform policies decision and implementation to halt the rise of childhood obesity/overweight in SSA.

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“… 9 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 Previous studies have demonstrated that health-related physical fitness tests and comprehensive evaluations of the health status of the body are important in identifying early risk factors of cardiovascular disease. 21 , 22 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 However, studies investigating the relationship between stroke and health-related physical fitness are still lacking at this time. To determine the risk factors for stroke and explore the significance of health-related physical fitness testing in stroke prevention, we performed a survey in 627 medical staff members using stroke high-risk population screening and a health-related physical fitness test.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stroke screening and health‐related physical fitness testing in medical staff members in Urumqi, China

Wang

Liu

Jiang

et al. 2017

Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine

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ObjectiveStroke is the leading cause of death and disability, and is closely related to a lack of exercise. Currently, most Chinese medical staff members lack exercise and may be at risk for stroke. We sought to determine the risk factors for stroke and study the significance of health-related physical fitness testing in stroke prevention among Chinese medical staff members.MethodsA total of 627 subjects from Urumqi, Xinjiang, China, were included in the study and a survey was conducted from 1st January 2016 to 1st February 2016. Stroke screening and health-related physical fitness testing were completed according to the standard protocol, and the related data were analyzed.ResultsBased on the screening, 27.6% (n = 173) of the subjects were at high risk for stroke. The top risk factors for stroke in these subjects were dyslipidemia, lack of exercise or mild physical activity, being overweight or obese, and high blood pressure. Body weight, body mass index, body fat, visceral fat area, body fat percentage, and basal metabolic rate were significantly higher (P < 0.01) in subjects at high risk for stroke than in subjects who were not at high risk. Lung capacity, step index, grip test, vertical jump, and sit-up/push-up index were significantly lower (P < 0.01) in subjects at high risk for stroke than in subjects who were not at high risk.ConclusionsA large proportion of China's on-the-job medical personnel is at high risk for stroke. This may be related to the nature of the profession and warrants more attention from the society. The health-related physical fitness measurement parameters in subjects at high risk for stroke were significantly different from those in subjects who were not at high risk. Screening and health-related physical fitness testing in medical staff members may contribute to stroke prevention. More rigorous controlled clinical trials will be needed in the future.

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Relationships between different nutritional anthropometric statuses and health-related fitness of South African primary school children

Cited by 20 publications

References 38 publications

Relationship between body mass index and physical fitness in Italian prepubertal schoolchildren

Relationship between body mass index and physical fitness in Italian prepubertal schoolchildren

Prevalence, incidence, and trends of childhood overweight/obesity in Sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic scoping review

Stroke screening and health‐related physical fitness testing in medical staff members in Urumqi, China

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