Bem Sex Role Inventory Validation in the International Mobility in Aging Study

Ahmed, Tamer; Vafaei, Afshin; Bélanger, Emmanuelle; Phillips, Susan P.; Zunzunegui, Marı́a Victoria

doi:10.1017/s0714980816000404

Cited by 24 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 59 publications

(72 reference statements)

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“…This structure has been satisfactorily confirmed by a number of recent studies (Ahmed et al 2016;Carver et al 2013). As done in similar previous research (Ahmed et al 2016;Carver et al 2013;Mateo and Fernández 1991), responses to the 12 items comprising the scale were factor-analyzed to compute the masculinity and femininity factors. The results from the exploratory factor analysis (EFA) were fully satisfactory and yielded two factors (masculinity and femininity), explaining 55.7% of the overall variance.…”

Section: Independent Variablessupporting

confidence: 70%

“…The validity of this simplified version was confirmed for a Spanish sample (Mateo and Fernández 1991). The BSRI assumes a 2-factor structure representing the femininity and masculinity dimensions (Ahmed et al 2016;Bem 1981). This structure has been satisfactorily confirmed by a number of recent studies (Ahmed et al 2016;Carver et al 2013).…”

Section: Independent Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The BSRI assumes a 2-factor structure representing the femininity and masculinity dimensions (Ahmed et al 2016;Bem 1981). This structure has been satisfactorily confirmed by a number of recent studies (Ahmed et al 2016;Carver et al 2013). As done in similar previous research (Ahmed et al 2016;Carver et al 2013;Mateo and Fernández 1991), responses to the 12 items comprising the scale were factor-analyzed to compute the masculinity and femininity factors.…”

Section: Independent Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Does entrepreneurship fit her? Women entrepreneurs, gender-role orientation, and entrepreneurial culture

2020

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The present research analyzes the way in which gender-role orientation (GRO) and perceived entrepreneurial culture affect the advancement of women through the different stages in the entrepreneurial process. To do so, a sample of 1195 Spanish women is studied using Bem’s Sex Role Inventory to identify their GRO and a perceived regional culture (PRC) scale. The results confirm that women with a masculine or androgynous orientation are more likely to develop entrepreneurial careers. Besides, for masculine GRO women, the perception of a supportive entrepreneurial culture in their region fosters their advancement in entrepreneurship. In contrast, the effect of perceived culture is negative for women with an androgynous GRO. These results contribute to advance knowledge on the entrepreneurial process for women. Based on our results, the debate about women entrepreneurship should be expanded to fully acknowledge the relevance of GRO.

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Section: Independent Variablessupporting

confidence: 70%

Section: Independent Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Independent Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Does entrepreneurship fit her? Women entrepreneurs, gender-role orientation, and entrepreneurial culture

2020

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“…The Bem Sex-Role Inventory (BSRI) scale provides a continuous measure of psychological profiles pertaining to traits traditionally associated with masculinity and femininity [38,39]. We used a 12 item short form of the BSRI [40,41]. Each item was rated on a 7 point scale from 1 (never or almost never true) to 7 (almost always true).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Some animals are more equal than others: Validation of a new scale to measure how attitudes to animals depend on species and human purpose of use

et al. 2020

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Globally, many millions of animals are used by humans every year and much of this usage causes public concern. A new scale, devised to measure attitudes to animal use in relation to the purpose of use and species, the Animal Purpose Questionnaire (APQ), was completed by in total 483 participants, 415 British nationals and 68 participants from 39 other countries. The APQ was presented in two survey formats, alongside an established Animal Attitudes Scale (AAS). In both surveys, participants also provided demographic details to provide a context to their attitudes to animals. As might be expected, and consistent with the validity of the new scale, overall scores on the AAS and APQ were highly correlated. However, the APQ provided a more differentiated measure of attitudes to animal use across a variety of settings. The results showed that there was overall higher levels of agreement with the use of animals in medical research and basic science, less endorsement for food production and pest control, and the use of animals for other cultural practices was generally disapproved of, irrespective of species. Participants overall disagreed with the use of rabbits, monkeys, badgers, tree shrews (survey 1), chimpanzees, dogs, dolphins and parrots (survey 2), but were neutral about the use of rats, mice, pigs, octopus, chickens, zebrafish (survey 1), carp, chickens, pigs, pigeons, rabbits and rats (survey 2). Interactions between species and purpose were largely driven by the consideration of using diverse species for food production. In general, females and vegetarians expressed less agreement with the use of animals with some differences by purpose of use. Pet keeping consistently predicted reduced willingness to use animals for basic science (only). The APQ provides a new tool to unpack how public attitudes depend on the intersectionality of demographics, species and purpose of use.

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“…Previous research has not examined the associations between gender roles and physical function. Upon validation of a brief 12-item version of the Bem Sex Roles Inventory (BSRI), 22 we classified subjects into four types (masculine, feminine, androgynous and undifferentiated), unveiled cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between these gender role types and physical performance and identified mediating pathways between BSRI and physical performance. Feminine and undifferentiated gender roles are independent risk factors for mobility disability and low physical performance.…”

Section: Quantification Of the Gender Gap In Mobility Disabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%