Utility of S100B Serum Level for the Determination of Concussion in Male Rugby Players

Bouvier, Damien; Duret, Thomas; Abbot, Mathieu; Stiernon, Thibault; Pereira, Bruno; Coste, Aurélien; Chazal, J.; Sapin, Vincent

doi:10.1007/s40279-016-0579-9

Cited by 26 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The early acute elevations of brain injury biomarkers observed in the current work are consistent with prior studies of SRC or other forms of mild TBI (mTBI). For example, elevated S100B and UCH‐L1 have been reported in multiple samples of athletes with SRC and in emergency department (ED) patients with mTBI . Current results also extend prior work demonstrating the potential utility of alpha‐II‐spectrin breakdown products for the acute assessment of brain injury .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

“…Blood‐based biomarkers have been a focus recently because of their relative cost‐effectiveness and their potential as point‐of‐care markers. Biomarkers that putatively capture various aspects of the neurometabolic cascade of concussion have been investigated following SRC, including S100 calcium binding protein B (S100B), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), ubiquitin c‐terminal hydrolase‐L1 (UCH‐L1), alpha‐II‐spectrin derivatives, and general inflammatory markers . As highlighted in a recent systematic review, however, much of the prior blood biomarker work in SRC has been limited to relatively small sample sizes and/or did not include preseason (ie, preinjury) assessments .…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Matched uninjured football players and matched non–contact‐sport athletes were enrolled as separate control groups to account for the potential effects of football exposure without concussion. Based on prior work, we hypothesized that serum levels of the selected markers would be elevated at the early acute stage following SRC relative to preinjury levels and relative to both control groups. Furthermore, we hypothesized that the panel of markers would improve the discrimination of concussed from controls athletes compared to concussion symptoms alone (diagnostic biomarker).…”

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confidence: 99%

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A Prospective Study of Acute Blood‐Based Biomarkers for Sport‐Related Concussion

Meier

Huber

Bohorquez‐Montoya

et al. 2020

Annals of Neurology

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Objective: Prospectively characterize changes in serum proteins following sport-related concussion and determine whether candidate biomarkers discriminate concussed athletes from controls and are associated with duration of symptoms following concussion. Methods: High school and collegiate athletes were enrolled between 2015 and 2018. Blood was collected at preinjury baseline and within 6 hours (early acute) and at 24 to 48 hours (late acute) following concussion in football players (n = 106), matched uninjured football players (n = 84), and non-contact-sport athletes (n = 50). Glial fibrillary acidic protein, ubiquitin c-terminal hydrolase-L1, S100 calcium binding protein B, alpha-II-spectrin breakdown product 150, interleukin 6, interleukin 1 receptor antagonist, and c-reactive protein were measured in serum. Linear models assessed changes in protein concentrations over time. Receiver operating curves quantified the discrimination of concussed athletes from controls. A Cox proportional hazard model determined whether proteins were associated with symptom recovery. Results: All proteins except glial fibrillary acidic protein and c-reactive protein were significantly elevated at the early acute phase postinjury relative to baseline and both control groups and discriminated concussed athletes from controls with areas under the curve of 0.68 to 0.84. The candidate biomarkers also significantly improved the discrimination of concussed athletes from noncontact controls compared to symptom severity alone. Glial fibrillary acidic protein was elevated postinjury relative to baseline in concussed athletes with a loss of consciousness or amnesia. Finally, early acute levels of interleukin 1 receptor antagonist were associated with the number of days to symptom recovery. Interpretation: Brain injury and inflammatory proteins show promise as objective diagnostic biomarkers for sportrelated concussion, and inflammatory markers may provide prognostic value.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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A Prospective Study of Acute Blood‐Based Biomarkers for Sport‐Related Concussion

Meier

Huber

Bohorquez‐Montoya

et al. 2020

Annals of Neurology

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“…Previous work has attributed change of S100B levels to various factors besides frank concussion, including subconcussive head impacts, physical exertion, and non-brain injury. 16,19,23,24,31,32 Nevertheless, this study provides both cross-sectional and longitudinal evidence of elevated S100B levels measured at 6 h following SRC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Prospective Assessment of Acute Blood Markers of Brain Injury in Sport-Related Concussion

Meier

Nelson

Huber

et al. 2017

Journal of Neurotrauma

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There is a pressing need to identify objective biomarkers for the assessment of sport-related concussion (SRC) to reduce the reliance on clinical judgment for the management of these injuries. The goal of the current study was to prospectively establish the acute effects of SRC on serum levels of S100 calcium-binding protein beta (S100B), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L1 (UCH-L1). Collegiate and high school football players were enrolled and provided blood at pre-season. Injured athletes participated in follow-up visits at ∼6 and 24-48 h following documented SRC (n = 32). Uninjured football players participated in similar follow-up visits and served as controls (n = 29). The median time between injury and blood collection was 2 h (6 h visit) and 22.5 h (24-48 h visit) in concussed athletes. Concussed athletes had significantly elevated UCH-L1 levels at the 6 h visit relative to pre-season levels (Z = 2.22, p = 0.03) and levels in control athletes (Z = 3.02, p = 0.003). Concussed athletes also had elevated S100B at 6 h relative to pre-season (Z = 2.07, p = 0.04) and controls (Z = 2.75, p = 0.006). Both markers showed fair discrimination between concussed and control athletes (UCH-L1 area under receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC] [95% CI] = 0.74 [0.61-0.88], S100B AUC = 0.72 [0.58-0.87]). Percent-change of UCH-L1 and S100B at 6 h relative to pre-season also showed fair discrimination (AUC = 0.79 [0.66-0.92] and AUC = 0.77 [0.64-0.90]). GFAP levels did not differ between groups or in concussed athletes relative to pre-season. This study provides prospective evidence of significant increases in serum levels of UCH-L1 and S100B during the early acute period following SRC, and lays the foundation for future studies examining the clinical potential for blood-based biomarkers in the early detection of concussion.

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“…While several of the included studies apply to sports involving physical contact (170)(171)(172)(173), and as such do not apply to older individuals at risk of AD, other studies have found evidence of increased S100β in activities that may be undertaken by older adults. S100β levels were found to increase following running possibly due to repeated striking of the ground causing repeated subtle head trauma (173).…”

Section: The Impact Of Physical Activity On S100β Levelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of dietary and lifestyle changes as modifiers of S100β levels in Alzheimer’s disease

D’Cunha

McKune

Panagiotakos

et al. 2017

Nutritional Neuroscience

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There is a significant body of research undertaken in order to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the pathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD), as well as to discover early detection biomarkers and potential therapeutic strategies. One such proposed biomarker is the calcium binding protein S100β, which, depending on its local concentration, is known to exhibit both neurotrophic and neuroinflammatory properties in the central nervous system. At present, relatively little is known regarding the effect of chronic S100β disruption in AD. Dietary intake has been identified as a modifiable risk factor for AD. Preliminary in vitro and animal studies have demonstrated an association between S100β expression and dietary intake which links to AD pathophysiology. This review describes the association of S100β to fatty acids, ketone bodies, insulin, and botanicals as well as the potential impact of physical activity as a lifestyle factor. We also discuss the prospective implications of these findings, including support of the use of a Mediterranean dietary pattern and/or the ketogenic diet as an approach to modify AD risk.

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Utility of S100B Serum Level for the Determination of Concussion in Male Rugby Players

Abstract: S100B measured 36 h after a match is thus a discriminating test to identify concussion in a male rugby player, with a 100 % negative predictive value.

Cited by 26 publications

References 28 publications

A Prospective Study of Acute Blood‐Based Biomarkers for Sport‐Related Concussion

A Prospective Study of Acute Blood‐Based Biomarkers for Sport‐Related Concussion

Prospective Assessment of Acute Blood Markers of Brain Injury in Sport-Related Concussion

Evaluation of dietary and lifestyle changes as modifiers of S100β levels in Alzheimer’s disease

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