Mapping Global Potential Risk of Mango Sudden Decline Disease Caused by Ceratocystis fimbriata

Abstract

The Mango Sudden Decline (MSD), also referred to as Mango Wilt, is an important disease of mango in Brazil, Oman and Pakistan. This fungus is mainly disseminated by the mango bark beetle, Hypocryphalus mangiferae (Stebbing), by infected plant material, and the infested soils where it is able to survive for long periods. The best way to avoid losses due to MSD is to prevent its establishment in mango production areas. Our objectives in this study were to: (1) predict the global potential distribution of MSD, (2) identify the mango growing areas that are under potential risk of MSD establishment, and (3) identify climatic factors associated with MSD distribution. Occurrence records were collected from Brazil, Oman and Pakistan where the disease is currently known to occur in mango. We used the correlative maximum entropy based model (MaxEnt) algorithm to assess the global potential distribution of MSD. The MaxEnt model predicted suitable areas in countries where the disease does not already occur in mango, but where mango is grown. Among these areas are the largest mango producers in the world including India, China, Thailand, Indonesia, and Mexico. The mean annual temperature, precipitation of coldest quarter, precipitation seasonality, and precipitation of driest month variables contributed most to the potential distribution of MSD disease. The mango bark beetle vector is known to occur beyond the locations where MSD currently exists and where the model predicted suitable areas, thus showing a high likelihood for disease establishment in areas predicted by our model. Our study is the first to map the potential risk of MSD establishment on a global scale. This information can be used in designing strategies to prevent introduction and establishment of MSD disease, and in preparation of efficient pest risk assessments and monitoring programs.

Assessing the impact of climate change on the worldwide distribution of Dalbulus maidis (DeLong) using MaxEnt

“…AUC cv is a measurement of the model's ability to discriminate presence from background. Based on the AUC cv , models can be classified into those in which predictions are worse than random (AUC cv < 0.5), those in which predictions are not better than random (AUC cv = 0.5), those with poor performance (AUC cv < 0.7), those with reasonable or moderate performance (0.7 ≤ AUC cv < 0.9) and those with high performance (AUC cv ≥ 0.9) . The OR represents the percentage (0% and 10%) of the training presence locations for the model that fall outside the predicted suitable area.…”

Prévalence du dessèchement du manguier et evaluation de la fréquence des champignons associés à la maladie au Burkina Faso

“…La baisse de la nappe phréatique provoque une malnutrition généralisée du manguier et l'expose à la maladie. En outre les températures moyennes annuelles ainsi que la variabilité des précipitations mensuelles contribuent plus au potentiel distribution de la maladie (McDowell et al, 2014 ;Galdino et al, 2016). La province du Nahouri présente d'une manière générale des sols du type ferrugineux tropical (Felix., 1989) qui constituent 85% des sols du Burkina Faso.…”

“…Elle a été également décrite au Brésil, en Oman et au Pakistan (Oliveira et al, 2015). D'après des études prospectives, de nombreux pays producteurs dont le Burkina Faso seraient propices au développement de cette maladie (Galdino et al, 2016). Au Burkina Faso, le dessèchement du manguier existait depuis fort longtemps mais les dégâts étaient mineurs.…”

“…L'évaluation de la prévalence du dessèchement à partir des observations au champ sur certains cultivars de manguiers au Pakistan a révèlé que toutes les variétés sont attaquées avec des taux variables (Rehman et al, 2011;Naqvi et Perveen., 2015). L'agent causal de cette maladie est resté pendant de nombreuses années difficile à cerner en raison des différents champignons qui lui sont associés (Ploetz., 2003) (Naqvi et al, 2015 ;Galdino et al, 2016 ;Hassan et al, 2017 (Bonfigliol, 2010). D'une manière générale, la province présente des sols du type ferrugineux tropical peu favorable aux activités agricoles (Felix., 1989).…”

Potential Risk to Mango Orchards: Mango Sudden Decline Caused by Ceratocystis Fimbriata

“…Different problems which include biotic (diseases) and a-biotic (environmental stresses) lead to less production as well as economic losses. One of the most damaging, rigorous and emerging threat to Pakistan's mango industry is Mango sudden decline (MSD) also known as Mango Quick Wilt (Galdino et al, 2016) and the fungi Ceratocystis fimbriata Ellis & Halst, is the first plant pathogen associated with it in Brazil, Oman and Pakistan (Ribeiro 1980;Malik et al, 2005;Al Adawi et al, 2006;Oliveira et al, 2015). Three fungal pathogens are reported as Ceratocystis fimbriata, C. omanensis, and Lasiodiplodia theobromae, with the MSD in Oman.…”