No change in live birthweight of IVF singleton deliveries over an 18-year period despite significant clinical and laboratory changes

Maas, K.; Galkina, Ekaterina I.; Thornton, Kim L.; Penzias, Alan S.; Sakkas, Denny

doi:10.1093/humrep/dew173

Cited by 32 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Our findings are in line with several earlier reports in which a higher birth weight and higher risk of LGA and macrosomia are described in children born after FET compared with fresh embryo transfer and NC (Feng et al, 2012;Henningsen et al, 2011;Kato et al, 2012;Maas et al, 2016;Nakashima et al, 2013;Ozgur et al, 2015;Pelkonen et al, 2010;Pinborg et al, 2014;Roy et al, 2014;Shih et al, 2008). Our findings are also consistent with previous systematic reviews on perinatal outcome following FET (Maheshwari, Pandey, Shetty, Hamilton, & Bhattacharya, 2012;Maheshwari et al, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…A few studies have reported adjusted risk ratio (ARR) instead of AOR in their studies (Litzky et al, 2017;Maas et al, 2016;Maheshwari, Raja, & Bhattacharya, 2016) (Table 2).…”

Section: Statisticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, a significantly higher adjusted mean birth weight of singletons after FET cycles has been reported over the last years (Feng et al, 2012;Henningsen et al, 2011;Kato et al, 2012;Maas, Galkina, Thornton, Penzias, & Sakkas, 2016;Nakashima et al, 2013;Ozgur, Berkkanoglu, Bulut, Humaidan, & Coetzee, 2015;Pelkonen et al, 2010;Roy, Bradley, Bowman, & McArthur, 2014;Shih et al, 2008;Spijkers, Lens, Schats, & Lambalk, 2017) and a tendency toward children being born large for gestational age (LGA) following FET has been established (Pelkonen et al, 2010;Pinborg et al, 2014;Sazonova, Kallen, Thurin-Kjellberg, Wennerholm, & Bergh, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Large for gestational age and macrosomia in singletons born after frozen/thawed embryo transfer (FET) in assisted reproductive technology (ART)

Berntsen

Pinborg

2018

Birth Defects Research

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Increase in success rates with frozen embryo transfer (FET) and reduced risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) and multiple pregnancies has lead to a steady rise in FET. Further, FET is associated with lower risk of prematurity and low birth weight in singletons, when compared with fresh transfer. However, there is a growing concern of increased risk of large for gestational (LGA) and/or macrosomic children after FET. Macrosomic/LGA births have a higher risk of cesarean section, fetal hypoxia and stillbirth. Improvements in cryopreservation techniques indicate that FET is a trend expected to continue and a freeze-all policy has lately been introduced. With this review, we wished to evaluate the association between FET and LGA and/or macrosomia. We searched electronic databases on January 12, 2018. Ten studies on LGA and six studies on macrosomia were eligible for meta-analysis. We found that the risk of LGA in FET was increased 1.5-fold (AOR = 1.50 95% CI 1.44-1.57 p < 0.001) compared to fresh cycles and 1.3-fold (AOR = 1.31 95% CI 1.20-1.43 p < 0.001) compared to natural conception (NC). Similarly we found a 1.7-fold increased risk of macrosomia in FET compared to fresh transfer (AOR = 1.71 95% CI 1.59-1.83 p < 0.001) and a 1.4-fold increased risk compared to NC (AOR = 1.42 95% CI 1.17-1.71 p < 0.001). Whether the increased risk of LGA and macrosomia is associated with higher long-term health risks remains unknown. Future studies should explore epigenetics modifications in children born after FET and predictors of long-term diseases need to be examined further with longitudinal studies.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…A few studies have reported adjusted risk ratio (ARR) instead of AOR in their studies (Litzky et al, 2017;Maas et al, 2016;Maheshwari, Raja, & Bhattacharya, 2016) (Table 2).…”

Section: Statisticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Large for gestational age and macrosomia in singletons born after frozen/thawed embryo transfer (FET) in assisted reproductive technology (ART)

Berntsen

Pinborg

2018

Birth Defects Research

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“…In recent research, it was shown that BMI is an independent risk factor for being LGA; however, the investigators were unable to show a connection between BMI and transfer of cryopreserved embryos and therefore conclude that FET is also an independent risk factor for being LGA [48]. Other possible explanations could be the ART procedures itself, embryo quality or maternal factors [11,49,50]. We aim to prolong our study to assess the influence of embryo quality, ART procedures and lifestyle factors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Fresh and Frozen-Thawed Embryo Transfer Compared to Natural Conception: Differences in Perinatal Outcome

Spijkers

Lens

Schats

et al. 2017

Gynecol Obstet Invest

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Background/Aim: To compare the pregnancy outcome of singletons conceived after transfer of cryopreserved and thawed embryos (frozen embryo transfer [FET]) to singletons conceived after fresh embryo transfer (fresh ET) and natural conceived singletons. Methods: Using a retrospective data analysis on a study population consisting of 1,261 singletons born after FET and 2,519 singletons born after fresh ET between 2006 and 2015. The control group consisted of singletons born after natural conception. Main outcome measures consisted of birth weight (in grams), gestational age, preterm birth (<37 weeks of gestation), being large for gestational age (LGA, above 90th weight percentile adjusted for gestational age) and Apgar scores. Results: Babies born after FET had an increased risk of high birth weight (adjusted OR [AOR]) 2.92; 1.503-3.482) and being LGA (AOR fresh ET vs. FET 1.47; 1.210-1.787) compared to singletons born after fresh ET, as well as higher birth weights compared to natural conceived children. Conclusions: Singletons born after FET have a higher risk of high birth weight and being LGA compared to singletons after fresh ET and compared to natural conceived singletons. We assume that the freezing process might be the underlying cause.

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“…Additionally, as more data emerge regarding the improved perinatal outcomes with FET cycles as compared to fresh embryo transfer cycles, including less preterm delivery and fewer small-for-gestational age neonates, there are fewer reasons to proceed with a fresh embryo transfer if cryopreservation is an option. 39–42 …”

Section: Frozen Embryo Transfersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does elevated serum progesterone on the day of human chorionic gonadotropin administration decrease live birth rates?

Humm

Ibrahim

Dodge

et al. 2016

Journal of Reproductive Health and Medicine

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No change in live birthweight of IVF singleton deliveries over an 18-year period despite significant clinical and laboratory changes

Abstract: Not applicable.

Cited by 32 publications

References 54 publications

Large for gestational age and macrosomia in singletons born after frozen/thawed embryo transfer (FET) in assisted reproductive technology (ART)

Large for gestational age and macrosomia in singletons born after frozen/thawed embryo transfer (FET) in assisted reproductive technology (ART)

Fresh and Frozen-Thawed Embryo Transfer Compared to Natural Conception: Differences in Perinatal Outcome

Does elevated serum progesterone on the day of human chorionic gonadotropin administration decrease live birth rates?

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