Go-stimuli proportion influences response strategy in a sustained attention to response task

Wilson, Kyle M.; Finkbeiner, Kristin M.; Joux, Neil R. de; Russell, Paul N.; Helton, William S.

doi:10.1007/s00221-016-4701-x

Cited by 40 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Also, Hartmann et al (2016) reported enhanced activity of the right frontal cortex, including right IFG, in association with top-down IC after Go NoGo task (GNGT) training. GNGT is a mutual task used to assess IC in humans and animals where participants have to respond quickly to frequently occurring 'Go' stimuli and to inhibit responses to infrequent 'NoGo' stimuli (Tamm et al 2002;Swick et al 2008;Luijten et al 2011;Vara et al 2014;Hartmann et al 2016;Wilson et al 2016). Using GNGT, Tamm et al (2002) postulated an association between increasing left IFG activation and response inhibition abilities during development.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of transcranial direct current stimulation of left and right inferior frontal gyrus on creative divergent thinking are moderated by changes in inhibition control

et al. 2020

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Divergent thinking (DT) as one component of creativity is the ability to search for multiple solutions to a single problem and is reliably tested with the Alternative Uses Task (AUT). DT depends on activity in the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), a prefrontal region that has also been associated with inhibitory control (IC). Experimentally manipulating IC through transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) led to alterations in DT. Here, we aimed at further examining such potential mediating effects of IC on DT (measured as flexibility, fluency, and originality in the AUT) by modulating IC tDCS. Participants received either cathodal tDCS (c-tDCS) of the left IFG coupled with anodal tDCS (a-tDCS) of the right IFG (L−R + ; N = 19), or the opposite treatment (L + R−; N = 21). We hypothesized that L + R− stimulation would enhance IC assessed with the Go NoGo task (GNGT), and that facilitated IC would result in lower creativity scores. The reversed stimulation arrangement (i.e., L− R +) should result in higher creativity scores. We found that tDCS only affected the originality component of the AUT but not flexibility or fluency. We also found no effects on IC, and thus, the mediation effect of IC could not be confirmed. However, we observed a moderation effect: inhibition of left and facilitation of right IFG (L−R +) resulted in enhanced flexibility and originality scores, only when IC performance was also improved. We conclude that inducing a right-to-left gradient in IFG activity by tDCS is efficient in enhancing DT, but only under conditions where tDCS is sufficient to alter IC performance as well. Keywords Creativity • Divergent thinking (DT) • AUT (alternative uses task) • Fluency • Originality • Flexibility • tDCS • IFG Abbreviations AP Action potentials AUT Alternative uses task DT Divergent thinking EFs Executive functions GNGT Go No Go task IC Inhibitory control IFG Inferior frontal gyrus PFC Prefrontal cortex rDLPFC Right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex tDCS Transcranial direct current stimulation Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of transcranial direct current stimulation of left and right inferior frontal gyrus on creative divergent thinking are moderated by changes in inhibition control

et al. 2020

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“…It should be noted that the interference measure from the Stroop task did not correlate with any of the SART indices. It appears that the SART reflects, firstly, sustained attention rather than response inhibition or at least a different kind of inhibition than that captured by the RT interference index of the Stroop task (for discussion see Carter et al, 2013;Cheyne et al, 2009;Wilson, Finkbeiner, de Joux, Russell, & Helton, 2016).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between Self-Reported Symptoms of Fatigue and Cognitive Performance

Nieznański

Gasiul

Strus

et al. 2020

Psihol. teme (Online)

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In two correlational studies, we investigated the relationship between symptoms of mental fatigue connected with the ordinary daily activity of undergraduate students and the performance level in tasks engaging executive and attentional processes. We found that mild or moderate levels of fatigue are associated with only a few impairments in cognitive functioning, which suggests that the consequences of such a level of fatigue can be easily compensated by protection strategies adopted by participants. A notable exception was a significant positive correlation between the level of fatigue and higher accuracy switch cost in the Plus-minus task. Our participants also reported an increase in fatigue symptoms after performing several cognitive tasks and this change was larger for those who were more engaged in a sustained attention task. In a follow-up experiment, we investigated the effects of fatigue induced by the time on sustained attention task on switching task performance and reported symptoms of cognitive and executive fatigue. We confirmed that the level of accuracy switch cost is significantly higher in the participants who performed the sustained attention task than in the participants from the control group. We pointed out some possible practical implications of studies on the relationship between fatigue and cognition for such activities as driving a car.

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“…It is important to note that questions have been raised regarding the extent to which tasks like the SART tax sustained attention versus response inhibition . These alternative perspectives of the not‐X CPT tasks concern the degree to which strategic factors, such as speed–accuracy trade‐offs, are reflected in performance in addition to sustained attention ability . However, others have suggested that both X and not‐X CPT tasks measure overlapping attentional constructs, and recent findings that have shown relationships between performance on the SART and measures of real‐world deficits in sustained attention help to alleviate some of these concerns.…”

Section: Recent Developments In Paradigms To Investigate Sustained Atmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…50 These alternative perspectives of the not-X CPT tasks concern the degree to which strategic factors, such as speed-accuracy trade-offs, are reflected in performance in addition to sustained attention ability. 50,[198][199][200] However, others have suggested that both X and not-X CPT tasks measure overlapping attentional constructs, 24,54,201 and recent findings that have shown relationships between performance on the SART and measures of real-world deficits in sustained attention 51 help to alleviate some of these concerns. We note, however, that this continues to be an active area of debate in the literature.…”

Section: Recent Developments In Paradigms To Investigate Sustained Atmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent theoretical, neural, and clinical advances in sustained attention research

Fortenbaugh

DeGutis

Esterman

2017

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

205

161

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Models of attention often distinguish between attention subtypes, with classic models separating orienting, switching, and sustaining functions. Compared to other forms of attention, the neurophysiological basis of sustaining attention has received far less attention yet it is known that momentary failures of sustained attention can have far ranging negative impacts in healthy individuals and lasting sustained attention deficits are pervasive in clinical populations. In recent years, however, there has been increased interest in characterizing moment-to-moment fluctuations in sustained attention in addition to the overall vigilance decrement and understanding how these neurocognitive systems change over the lifespan and across various clinical populations. The use of novel neuroimaging paradigms and statistical approaches has allowed for better characterization of the neural networks supporting sustained attention, and highlighted dynamic interactions within and across multiple distributed networks that predict behavioral performance. These advances have also provided potential biomarkers to identify individuals with sustained attention deficits. These findings have led to new theoretical models of why sustaining focused attention is a challenge for individuals and form the basis for the next generation of sustained attention research, which seeks to accurately diagnose and develop theoretically-driven treatments for sustained attention deficits that affect a variety of clinical populations.

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Go-stimuli proportion influences response strategy in a sustained attention to response task

Cited by 40 publications

References 35 publications

Effects of transcranial direct current stimulation of left and right inferior frontal gyrus on creative divergent thinking are moderated by changes in inhibition control

Effects of transcranial direct current stimulation of left and right inferior frontal gyrus on creative divergent thinking are moderated by changes in inhibition control

Relationship between Self-Reported Symptoms of Fatigue and Cognitive Performance

Recent theoretical, neural, and clinical advances in sustained attention research

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