Urine Contamination in Nontoilet-trained and Uncircumcised Boys

Ballouhey, Quentin; Fourcade, Laurent; Couvé-Deacon, Elodie; Cros, Jérôme; Lescure, V.; Bahans, Claire; Chainier, Delphine; Garnier, Fabien; Guigonis, Vincent

doi:10.1016/j.urology.2016.05.056

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Studies show that the rates of contamination in the CCU vary between 4.5 and 51%. While our catheter contamination rate was consistent with the literature [8,[13][14][15], our MS-CCU contamination rate was consistent with some studies [8,16,17], but higher than the results of other studies [9,10,14,[18][19][20][21][22]. We suggest that these variations were caused by differences in study design, study population, and different cutoff values.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Midstream Clean-Catch Urine Culture Obtained by Stimulation Technique versus Catheter Specimen Urine Culture for Urinary Tract Infections in Newborns: A Paired Comparison of Urine Collection Methods

Altuntaş

Alan

2019

Med Princ Pract

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Objective: The group of Herreros Fernández developed a new, safe, quick, and successful technique for collecting midstream clean-catch urine(MS-CCU) in newborns based on bladder stimulation and lumbar paravertebral massage maneuvers. The purpose of this study was to compare the contamination rates of catheter specimen urine (CSU) and MS-CCU by a lumbar/sacral stimulation technique in newborns. Materials and Methods: Full-term newborns ranging in age from 2 to 28 days who needed an investigation for a presumed urinary tract infection (UTI) were included in the study. Two samples, MS-CCU by lumbar/sacral stimulation technique and CSU, were collected consecutively for each patient. Suitable samples were obtained from 90 patients. Results: The contamination rate in MS-CCU cultures (n = 24/90, 26.66%) was higher than in CSU cultures (n = 9/90, 10%), and the difference was statistically significant (p = 0.039). Thirteen patients had UTI according to both samples (14.14%). In urine analysis, while there was no statistically significant difference in bacteriuria (p = 0.61) and nitrite positivity (p = 0.14) between patients with and without UTI, pyuria (p = 0.01) and leukocyte esterase positivity (p = 0.01) were higher in patients with UTI, and the difference was statistically significant. Conclusion: The contamination rate in MS-CCU cultures was two and a half times greater than in the CSU culture samples. Thus, MS-CCU cannot replace the catheter for the diagnosis of UTI.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Midstream Clean-Catch Urine Culture Obtained by Stimulation Technique versus Catheter Specimen Urine Culture for Urinary Tract Infections in Newborns: A Paired Comparison of Urine Collection Methods

Altuntaş

Alan

2019

Med Princ Pract

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“…Contamination of clean catch urine may be related to urine flushing of the foreskin or vagina, which is seen on micturating cystourethrogram, 40 and higher contamination has been found from initial void rather than midstream samples. 41 Future research to further reduce the contamination of clean catch urine by incidental skin flora, such as through standardised methods to clean the perigenital area, 42 may be of additional benefit.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Faster clean catch urine collection (Quick-Wee method) from infants: randomised controlled trial

Kaufman

Fitzpatrick

Tosif

et al. 2017

BMJ

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“…While difficulty obtaining CCU samples in a controlled environment could be one of the reasons for contamination, other factors need to be considered, such as time taken to collect a specimen and success rates of collection …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Educational intervention does not reduce non‐invasive urine contamination rates in children presenting to the emergency department

Jacob

John‐Denny

Donaldson

et al. 2019

J Paediatrics Child Health

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Aim: Urinary tract infection is common in children with high contamination rates with non-invasive urine sampling (NIU). Our aims were to evaluate an educational tool for decreasing contamination rates and find factors associated with contamination. Methods: This was a prospective cohort interventional study with a review of microbiology data and medical records of all NIU specimens collected at a large tertiary children's emergency department (ED) over a 1-year period. The intervention was the provision of a urine collection kit and educational pamphlet and education of staff. NIU contamination was calculated for 6 months pre-intervention and 6 months post-intervention. The association of factors with NIU contamination was evaluated for all cohorts (age, gender, presence of diarrhoea, season, time of day, time to incubation and activity of the ED). Results: A total of 2104 NIU samples were included (median age 3 years, 52% females). There was no difference between periods in contamination rates (29.2% and 31.2%, respectively, P = 0.322). Collectively, high monthly activity of the department, age and female gender were associated with contamination. The highest contamination rates were among children aged 0-3 months and 12 years and older (38.1 and 48.9%, respectively). Conclusions: The urine collection kit and educational tool did not decrease NIU contamination rates in our ED. Contamination rates were correlated with the monthly activity of our department and female gender and were noticeably high among infants and adolescents. Given the high prevalence of urinary tract infection among these age groups, measures should be taken to reassess indications and methods for urine collection.

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Urine Contamination in Nontoilet-trained and Uncircumcised Boys

Cited by 8 publications

References 24 publications

Midstream Clean-Catch Urine Culture Obtained by Stimulation Technique versus Catheter Specimen Urine Culture for Urinary Tract Infections in Newborns: A Paired Comparison of Urine Collection Methods

Midstream Clean-Catch Urine Culture Obtained by Stimulation Technique versus Catheter Specimen Urine Culture for Urinary Tract Infections in Newborns: A Paired Comparison of Urine Collection Methods

Faster clean catch urine collection (Quick-Wee method) from infants: randomised controlled trial

Educational intervention does not reduce non‐invasive urine contamination rates in children presenting to the emergency department

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