Whole Blood ω-3 Fatty Acids Are Inversely Associated with Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in Indigenous Mexican Women

Monge, Adriana; Harris, William S.; Ortíz-Panozo, Eduardo; Yunes, Elsa; Cantú-Brito, Carlos; Catzin-Kuhlmann, Andres; López‐Ridaura, Ruy; Lajous, Martín

doi:10.3945/jn.115.227264

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 51 publications

(66 reference statements)

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“…EPA, and DHA, suggesting good reproducibility of these PUFA in DBS samples. Ease of collection, storage, and analysis of DBS allows for larger clinical studies (Bisgaard et al, 2016;Collins et al, 2017;Monge et al, 2016) and cross-sectional studies (Adjepong et al, 2018;Mashavave et al, 2016) to utilize DBS for determining n-3 PUFA status, and our results allow comparison of EPA + DHA levels between such studies and ultimately populations with confidence. Because research interests of the five labs included in this study are primarily focused on PUFA, reproducibility of ARA, EPA, and DHA may be better compared to labs with greater interest in other fatty acids.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Interlaboratory Assessment of Dried Blood Spot Fatty Acid Compositions

Metherel

Harris

Liu

et al. 2019

Lipids

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Dried blood spots for fatty acid profiling are increasing in popularity; however, variability in results between laboratories has not been characterized. Whole blood from two subjects (low and high n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acid [PUFA] status) was collected, 25 μL applied to butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT)‐treated chromatography strips, dried in air, and shipped to five laboratories. Results were reported as “routine” (typical fatty acids for each laboratory) or “standardized” (a set of 19 fatty acids), and outliers and variability (%CV) were determined. Five and eight outliers of a possible 91 measures each were identified by routine and standardized reporting, respectively, including eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n‐3) in the low n‐3 PUFA sample and arachidonic acid in the high n‐3 PUFA sample. By standardized reporting, no outliers were identified for EPA or docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n‐3), and %CV decreased from 8.6% to 6.0% and 9.1% to 6.6% for EPA and 10.5% to 7.2% and 10.5% to 6.6% for DHA in the low and high n‐3 PUFA sample, respectively. In conclusion, fatty acid profiles yielded few outliers, and standardization of reporting reduced the variability between laboratories.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Interlaboratory Assessment of Dried Blood Spot Fatty Acid Compositions

Metherel

Harris

Liu

et al. 2019

Lipids

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“…Because of their favourable effect on cardiometabolic risk factors, the omega-3 index (defining the amount of EPA and DHA as a proportion of total fatty acids in red blood cells) has been proposed as a biomarker for assessing the risk of coronary heart disease [ 70 ]. This is plausible considering that the omega-3 index in red blood cells is thought to be representative of cardiac cell membranes [ 71 ] and was found to be inversely associated with the risk of morbidity [ 72 , 73 ] and mortality from coronary heart disease [ 74 , 75 , 76 ]. Interestingly, Allaire et al reported a greater increase in the omega-3 index following DHA supplementation compared with EPA supplementation [ 53 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Differential Effects of Eicosapentaenoic Acid and Docosahexaenoic Acid on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors: A Systematic Review

Innes

Calder

2018

IJMS

159

112

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A large body of evidence supports the cardioprotective effects of the long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). There is increasing interest in the independent effects of EPA and DHA in the modulation of cardiometabolic risk factors. This systematic review aims to appraise the latest available evidence of the differential effects of EPA and DHA on such risk factors. A systematic literature review was conducted up to May 2017. Randomised controlled trials were included if they met strict eligibility criteria, including EPA or DHA > 2 g/day and purity ≥ 90%. Eighteen identified articles were included, corresponding to six unique studies involving 527 participants. Both EPA and DHA lowered triglyceride concentration, with DHA having a greater triglyceride-lowering effect. Whilst total cholesterol levels were largely unchanged by EPA and DHA, DHA increased high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol concentration, particularly HDL2, and increased low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol concentration and LDL particle size. Both EPA and DHA inhibited platelet activity, whilst DHA improved vascular function and lowered heart rate and blood pressure to a greater extent than EPA. The effects of EPA and DHA on inflammatory markers and glycaemic control were inconclusive; however both lowered oxidative stress. Thus, EPA and DHA appear to have differential effects on cardiometabolic risk factors, but these need to be confirmed by larger clinical studies.

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“…Omega-3 index is inversely associated with a number of cardiovascular risk factors and with cardiovascular morbidity (36,37) and mortality (38,39). Harris and von Schacky (34) suggest than an omega-3 index of or more is associated with optimal cardioprotection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%