Accelerated dysbiosis of gut microbiota during aggravation of DSS-induced colitis by a butyrate-producing bacterium

Abstract

Butyrate-producing bacteria (BPB) are potential probiotic candidates for inflammatory bowel diseases as they are often depleted in the diseased gut microbiota. However, here we found that augmentation of a human-derived butyrate-producing strain, Anaerostipes hadrus BPB5, significantly aggravated colitis in dextran sulphate sodium (DSS)-treated mice while exerted no detrimental effect in healthy mice. We explored how the interaction between BPB5 and gut microbiota may contribute to this differential impact on the hosts. Butyrate production and severity of colitis were assessed in both healthy and DSS-treated mice, and gut microbiota structural changes were analysed using high-throughput sequencing. BPB5-inoculated healthy mice showed no signs of colitis, but increased butyrate content in the gut. In DSS-treated mice, BPB5 augmentation did not increase butyrate content, but induced significantly more severe disease activity index and much higher mortality. BPB5 didn’t induce significant changes of gut microbiota in healthy hosts, but expedited the structural shifts 3 days earlier toward the disease phase in BPB5-augmented than DSS-treated animals. The differential response of gut microbiota in healthy and DSS-treated mice to the same potentially beneficial bacterium with drastically different health consequences suggest that animals with dysbiotic gut microbiota should also be employed for the safety assessment of probiotic candidates.

Calprotectin protects against experimental colonic inflammation in mice

“…A related possibility is modulation of the microbiota, that is, a prebiotic mechanism. Metagenomic analysis of faecal microbiota showed a profound alteration of bacterial composition, consistent with previous studies of the microbiota in DSS colitis and in colonic inflammation in general (Schwab et al, ; Zhang et al, ). CP treatment resulted in significant but rather limited effects at this level, that is, a reduction of only Bacteroides in the DSS CP group.…”

Micro Integral Membrane Protein (MIMP), a Newly Discovered Anti-Inflammatory Protein of Lactobacillus Plantarum, Enhances the Gut Barrier and Modulates Microbiota and Inflammatory Cytokines

“…Herein, we performed pyrosequencing analysis to investigate whether MIMP can improve the gut dysbiosis in the colitis model. As expected, we observed that DSS treatment caused significantly the decreased diversity of gut microbiota compared with the control group, a finding that is consistent with that in previous studies on IBD patients and the DSS-induced colitis model [34, 35]. In particular, MIMP intervention remarkably increased bacterial diversity and modified the community structure in the colitis mice, as shown by our cluster analysis and PCoA analysis.…”

Alteration of Fecal Microbiota Profiles in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis. Associations with HLA-B27 Allele and Disease Status

“…cluster IV that have been reported to be inducers of colonic T regulatory cell (Atarashi et al, 2011), as well as in Odoribacter , known producer of Short Chain Fatty Acids (SCFAs), anti-inflammatory metabolites, and previously found reduced in IBD (Morgan et al, 2012). However, in remission we also found enriched bacteria involved in intestinal inflammation and metabolic disorders, such as Parasutterella , found in a mice model of chemically induced colitis (Zhang et al, 2016), Clostridium cluster XVIII , encompassing C. ramosum , involved in diet-induced obesity (Woting et al, 2014) and C. spiroforme , a toxin-associated disease producer, involved in rabbit colitis (Carman and Borriello, 1984). …”