Neck Kaposiform haemangioendothelioma in a Fischer’s lovebird (Agapornis fischeri)

Case Report: Multiple Cavernous Pericardial Lymphangioma (Pericardial Lymphangiomatosis) in a Captive Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus brookei)

“…As in this case, lymphangiomas are characterized by the presence of endothelial cells with immunoreactivity for endothelial marker factor VIII-related antigen and lack cytokeratin expression, particularly cytokeratin 5 and 6 (recognized by the antibody employed), together with the lack of a clearly identified basal lamina and the existence of a layer of smooth muscle in the cystic wall, as demonstrated by the positive immunolabelling for α-SMA. These findings can be used to differentiate lymphangioma from multicystic mesotheliomas or haemangioendotheliomas (55)(56)(57). Prox-1 marker was tested since it is reported to be expressed by lymphatic endothelium (58,59).…”

Electrochemotherapy for the treatment of an incompletely excised subcutaneous low-grade epithelioid hemangioendothelioma in a budgerigar parakeet (<i>Melopsittacus undulatus</i>)

“…In avian species, tumors of endothelial origin, such as hemangiomas, hemangioendothelioma, and hemangiosarcomas, have primarily been described in chickens (Soffer et al, 1990) mostly having a viral etiology (Masegi et al, 1993). Scant reports of tumors of endothelial cell origin have been documented in nonpoultry avian species (Suedmeyer et al, 2001;Sledge et al, 2006;Kline et al, 2016;Rossi et al, 2016). A subcutaneous hemangiosarcoma has been reported in a golden pheasant (Suedmeyer et al, 2001) and in a cockatiel (Sledge et al, 2006).…”

“…A survey of 257 neoplasms of budgerigars (Baker, 1980) reported that the commonest neoplasms were the testicular tumors. In terms of occurrence, testicular tumors are followed by cutaneous (Owen et al, 2007;Jakab et al, 2013;Nau et al, 2017), mesenchymal (Sasipreeyajan et al, 1988;Gulbahar et al, 2005;Hernández et al, 2012), renal (Simova-Curd et al, 2007), and vascular (Kline et al, 2016;Rossi et al, 2016). Regarding vascular neoplasms in avian, they are most of the times benign hemangiomas associated with subgroup J avian leukosis virus (Lin et al, 2013).…”

“…Regarding vascular neoplasms in avian, they are most of the times benign hemangiomas associated with subgroup J avian leukosis virus (Lin et al, 2013). Very few cases of malignant vascular tumors have been reported in different species, including hemangiosarcoma and hemangioendothelioma, with locally aggressive behavior (Sledge et al, 2006;Kline et al, 2016;Rossi et al, 2016). Treatment options aimed at local control are limited to surgical excision of the neoplasms (Baker, 1980;Reece, 1992) and, in selected cases, radiation therapy (Freeman et al, 1999;Swisher et al, 2016).…”