Penetration and decontamination of americium-241 ex vivo using fresh and frozen pig skin

Tazrart, Anissa; Bolzinger, Marie‐Alexandrine; Moureau, Agnès; Molina, T.; Coudert, Sylvie; Angulo, Jaime F.; Briançon, Stéphanie; Griffiths, N. M.

doi:10.1016/j.cbi.2016.05.027

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Experiments included: (i) two routes of intake in an experimental rat model (inhalation and wound) and a cutaneous deposition on pig skin ex-vivo , (ii) two actinides of interest (americium, plutonium) and (iii) two physico-chemical forms of the contaminant (nitrate and oxide). More precisely, contaminants contained plutonium oxide [32], mixed oxide (MOX) of uranium and plutonium [33, 34], and americium nitrate [35]. Because Pu-241 contained in MOX decays into Am-241 with a physical half-life of 14 years, the MOX compound contains an increasing amount of americium oxide.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Actinide bioimaging in tissues: Comparison of emulsion and solid track autoradiography techniques with the iQID camera

et al. 2017

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This work presents a comparison of three autoradiography techniques for imaging biological samples contaminated with actinides: emulsion-based, plastic-based autoradiography and a quantitative digital technique, the iQID camera, based on the numerical analysis of light from a scintillator screen. In radiation toxicology it has been important to develop means of imaging actinide distribution in tissues as these radionuclides may be heterogeneously distributed within and between tissues after internal contamination. Actinide distribution determines which cells are exposed to alpha radiation and is thus potentially critical for assessing absorbed dose. The comparison was carried out by generating autoradiographs of the same biological samples contaminated with actinides with the three autoradiography techniques. These samples were cell preparations or tissue sections collected from animals contaminated with different physico-chemical forms of actinides. The autoradiograph characteristics and the performances of the techniques were evaluated and discussed mainly in terms of acquisition process, activity distribution patterns, spatial resolution and feasibility of activity quantification. The obtained autoradiographs presented similar actinide distribution at low magnification. Out of the three techniques, emulsion autoradiography is the only one to provide a highly-resolved image of the actinide distribution inherently superimposed on the biological sample. Emulsion autoradiography is hence best interpreted at higher magnifications. However, this technique is destructive for the biological sample. Both emulsion- and plastic-based autoradiography record alpha tracks and thus enabled the differentiation between ionized forms of actinides and oxide particles. This feature can help in the evaluation of decorporation therapy efficacy. The most recent technique, the iQID camera, presents several additional features: real-time imaging, separate imaging of alpha particles and gamma rays, and alpha activity quantification. The comparison of these three autoradiography techniques showed that they are complementary and the choice of the technique depends on the purpose of the imaging experiment.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Actinide bioimaging in tissues: Comparison of emulsion and solid track autoradiography techniques with the iQID camera

et al. 2017

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“…In specified intervals, 3 mL sample was taken from the receptor medium, and the same volume was replaced with phosphate buffer of pH 7.4. The filtered samples were analyzed by UV spectrometer at 409 nm after suitable dilution (Tazrart et al, 2017).…”

Section: Ex-vivo Permeation Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of amphotericin b Based organogels against mucocutaneous fungal infections

Gopalan

Jose

2020

Braz. J. Pharm. Sci.

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Amphotericin B is a broad spectrum antifungal agent used to treat fungal infections. Organogel is a semisolid preparation in which the apolar phase gets immobilized within spaces of the threedimensional structure. The current study aimed at the formulation and comparative evaluation of sorbitan monostearate organogels and pluronic lecithin organogels (PLO). Different compositions of span 60 based organogels were prepared by varying the concentrations of the span 60 and PLO gels were prepared by varying the concentration of Pluronic F 127. The developed organogels were subjected to various characteristics such as pH, viscosity, spreadability, extrudability, and drug release studies. The optimized formulations were evaluated against Candida albicans and carried out ex vivo release study. The optimized formulation was selected from span 60 based organogels, and pluronic lecithin organogels were S1 and P1, respectively. The optimized formulation (S1) showed effective inhibition against Candida albicans. The skin irritation test was carried out on albino mice for optimized formulations and results showed that no irritation to the skin. Based on the results, organogels prepared by sorbitan monostearate showed better antifungal activity, and also all the formulations were found to be stable and safe throughout the study period.

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“…During the processing of nuclear fuels for recycling purposes, workers manipulate different actinide forms from extraction processes, or discharges of nuclear plants that may be a potential source of contamination (Tazrart et al, 2018). Alpha particles are characterised by high radiation energy and a very short range (40 µm in tissue) (Tazrart et al, 2017;Tymen et al, 2000). 137 Cs and 90 Sr nuclides are respectively β/γ emitter and pure β emitter and therefore belong to the most dangerous radionuclides.…”

Section: Harmful Effects Of Heavy Metal Ionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…-and β-rays are highly penetrating radiations. α-emitters may locally emit very high dose in the case of repeated occupational exposure (Bolzinger et al, 2010;Liu, 2004;Tazrart et al, 2017). The critical site of radiation resulting from topical contamination is the basal layer of epidermal cells.…”

Section: Harmful Effects Of Heavy Metal Ionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inorganic ions in the skin: Allies or enemies?

Tarnowska

Briançon

Azevedo

et al. 2020

International Journal of Pharmaceutics

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Skin constitutes a barrier protecting the organism against physical and chemical factors. Therefore, it is constantly exposed to the xenobiotics, including inorganic ions that are ubiquitous in the environment. Some of them play important roles in homeostasis and regulatory functions of the body, also in the skin, while others can be considered dangerous. Many authors have shown that inorganic ions could penetrate inside the skin and possibly induce local effects. In this review, we give an account of the current knowledge on the effects of skin exposure to inorganic ions. Beneficial effects on skin conditions related to the use of thermal spring waters are discussed together with the application of aluminium in underarm hygiene products and silver salts in treatment of difficult wounds. Finally, the potential consequences of dermal exposure to topical sensitizers and harmful heavy ions including radionuclides are discussed.

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Penetration and decontamination of americium-241 ex vivo using fresh and frozen pig skin

Cited by 10 publications

References 41 publications

Actinide bioimaging in tissues: Comparison of emulsion and solid track autoradiography techniques with the iQID camera

Actinide bioimaging in tissues: Comparison of emulsion and solid track autoradiography techniques with the iQID camera

Development of amphotericin b Based organogels against mucocutaneous fungal infections

Inorganic ions in the skin: Allies or enemies?

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