Solanum tuberosum and Lycopersicon esculentum Leaf Extracts and Single Metabolites Affect Development and Reproduction of Drosophila melanogaster

Abstract

Glycoalkaloids are secondary metabolites commonly found in Solanaceae plants. They have anti-bacterial, anti-fungal and insecticidal activities. In the present study we examine the effects of potato and tomato leaf extracts and their main components, the glycoalkaloids α-solanine, α-chaconine and α-tomatine, on development and reproduction of Drosophila melanogaster wild-type flies at different stages. Parental generation was exposed to five different concentrations of tested substances. The effects were examined also on the next, non-exposed generation. In the first (exposed) generation, addition of each extract reduced the number of organisms reaching the pupal and imaginal stages. Parent insects exposed to extracts and metabolites individually applied showed faster development. However, the effect was weaker in case of single metabolites than in case of exposure to extracts. An increase of developmental rate was also observed in the next, non-exposed generation. The imagoes of both generations exposed to extracts and pure metabolites showed some anomalies in body size and malformations, such as deformed wings and abdomens, smaller black abdominal zone. Our results further support the current idea that Solanaceae can be an impressive source of molecules, which could efficaciously be used in crop protection, as natural extract or in formulation of single pure metabolites in sustainable agriculture.

Phenotypic Diversity and Pest Management of Potato Varieties Grown at Baffa Mansehra

“…Our findings further revealed that maximum leaf width growth of Lacetta, and SH-5, despite maximum infestation frequencies of all the insects, showed that these varieties may be most resistant/tolerant, while minimum leaf width growth of Hannat white with lowest infestation frequencies for Aphid (14.433), Leafhopper (17.72), Thrips (7.22), and Whitefly (12.97), revealed that this variety is more susceptible to various insects/pests. These results agreed with the findings of Ventrella et al [51], who reported similar results in potato.…”

Synthesis and insecticidal activities of novel solanidine derivatives

“…This pest of stored grains and cereal products is drastically affected after 96 h by a topical application of α‐chaconine (LD 50 = 18.1 µg/mg insect) and α‐solanine (LD 50 = 22.5 µg/mg insect), as shown by Nenaah . α‐Chaconine or α‐solanine containing phyto extracts also affect the development and reproduction of Drosophila melanogaster . On the contrary, colorado potato beetle ( Leptinotarsa decemlineata ) survival is not affected by the two glycoalkaloids …”

“…6 -Chaconine or -solanine containing phyto extracts also affect the development and reproduction of Drosophila melanogaster. 7 On the contrary, colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata) survival is not affected by the two glycoalkaloids. 8 Aphids can be harmful to a lot of cultures because of their phytophagous activity, but also as carriers of pathogens leading to plant diseases.…”

Exhaustive extraction of cyclopeptides from Amanita phalloides: Guidelines for working with complex mixtures of secondary metabolites

“…Therefore, the observed biological effect from such assays can only be attributed to the specific sample used in the experiment. In addition, correct interpretation of experimental data is also jeopardized by the lack of detailed information related to extraction and secondary metabolite profile of the natural sample (Ladhari, Laarif, Omezzine, & Haouala, 2013; Ventrella et al, 2016; Wachira et al, 2014). Thus, an absence of guidelines when using secondary metabolite extracts in ecological experiments results in a lack of reproducibility of experiments.…”