Evaluation of changes in serum chemistry in association with feed withdrawal or high dose oral gavage with dextran sodium sulfate- (DSS-) induced gut leakage in broiler chickens

Abstract

Dextran sodium sulfate ( DSS: ) has been shown to be effective at inducing enteric inflammation in broiler chickens, resulting in increased leakage of orally administered fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran to circulation. In a previous study, 2 doses of DSS (0.45 g/dose) administered as oral gavage resulted in increased mucosal permeability. The main objective of the present study was to compare serum turbidity in control and DSS treated birds plus with feed restriction ( FR: ), and evaluate the associated serum chemistry. Three independent experiments were conducted with different combinations of treatment groups. In Experiment 1, control full-fed ( CON: ) and DSS full-fed ( FFD: ) with n = 15 birds/group were evaluated, Experiment 2 had groups (n = 15/group) CON, FFD, feed restriction ( FRS: for 34 h), and DSS with feed restriction ( FRD: ), and Experiment 3 (n = 15/group) had CON, FFD, and FRS (29 h FRS). All DSS treated birds received one or 2 doses of DSS by oral gavage (0.45 g/dose/bird). Results showed that, compared to CON group, there was an increase (P < 0.05) in serum turbidity in FFD birds, even though the difference between FRS and FRD was not apparent (P > 0.05). Administration of DSS did not result in increase of serum enzymes such as alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and lactate dehydrogenase ( LDH: ), nonetheless, the FFD showed lower (P < 0.05) LDH level compared to CON in Experiment 2. Among the various serum chemistry parameters evaluated triglycerides had the highest positive correlation (r = 0.85; P < 0.05) with serum turbidity. DSS administration resulted in decreased serum protein levels, especially albumin. These results suggest that oral gavage with DSS in broiler chicks could result in changes to serum chemistry parameters which could be developed as potential marker/s for gut leakage.

Ganoderma Lucidum Extract Modulates Cecal Microbiota Community in Broilers under Dextran Sulfate Sodium Challenge During the Starter Phase

“…Intestinal inflammation disrupts the balance and diversity of the intestinal microbiota, resulting in intestinal dysbiosis (Lupp et al, 2007;Lobionda et al, 2019). In poultry, it has been demonstrated that DSS challenge induces intestinal inflammation, leading to diarrhea, necrotic enteritis, and body weight loss (Menconi et al, 2015;Kuttappan et al, 2016;Nii et al, 2020). In this study, inflammatory gene expression in the small intestine was induced in the DSS challenge-only group, which is in agreement with a previous study (Nii et al, 2020).…”

“…It has been proposed that the toxic effect of DSS induces intestinal inflammation and is likely the result of damage to the intestinal epithelial cells allowing the dissemination of proinflammatory intestinal contents into underlying tissue (Yan et al, 2009). Administration of DSS to the drinking water of broilers causes intestinal bleeding, diarrhea, and body weight loss (Menconi et al, 2015;Kuttappan et al, 2016;Chen & Yu, 2022). The addition of DSS to the drinking water of broilers disrupts the intestinal structure, promotes an inflammatory response, and induces necrotic enteritis (Menconi et al, 2015;Chen & Yu, 2022).…”