Associations Between Parkinson Disease and Cancer in US Asian Americans

Freedman, D. Michal; Pfeiffer, Ruth M.

doi:10.1001/jamaoncol.2016.0729

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…In contrast, Lin et al reported that there was an increased cancer risk in PD patients [29]. Besides, Freedman and Pfeiffer used Medicare data to elucidate null association between PD and prevalent cancers in the Asian American patients [30]. Notably, the reports with an increased or null overall cancer risk for PD had some pitfalls in their methodology.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Parkinsons Disease Dementia Reduce Cancer Risk more than Alzheimers Disease Alone?

Chen¹,

Lin²,

Wu³

et al. 2018

Neuropsychiatry

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Objective: Both Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are associated with lower cancer risk. However, the cancer risk in Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD) has never been discussed. We aimed to test whether PDD is cancer protective, and to compare the types and risks of incident cancer between AD and PDD. Methods:We used Taiwan National Health Insurance Database. From 1997 to 2010, a total of 2,527 PD dementia and 25,557 AD patients were enrolled and followed up for cancer by record linkage. Age and sex standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) of overall and site-specific cancers were calculated. Cox proportional hazards model was used to compare the cancer risk of AD relative to PDD. Results:With an average 4.4 years of follow-up period, both AD and PDD were associated with lower overall cancer risk (SIR and 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.83 (0.77-0.89) and 0.70 (0.55-0.89), respectively). The adjusted overall cancer risk of AD was significantly higher than that of PDD (hazard ratio (HR) and 95% CI: 1.26 (1.04-2.53), p=0.02). As for the site-specific cancer risk, the colorectal cancer risk of AD was also significantly higher than that of PDD (SIR: 0.95 (0.80-1.12) and 0.53 (0.80-1.00); HR: 1.83 (1.07-3.14), p=0.029). Conclusions:Both AD and PDD are inversely associated with incident cancer. Compared to AD, PDD is associated with even lower cancer risk. The decreased cancer risk in PDD may be contributed by the combined effect from both AD and PD. The mechanism deserves further investigations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Parkinsons Disease Dementia Reduce Cancer Risk more than Alzheimers Disease Alone?

Chen¹,

Lin²,

Wu³

et al. 2018

Neuropsychiatry

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“…We found that genetic variants of some autophagy lysosome genes significantly associated with cancer risk in our study were also recognized as the genetic causes of Parkinson's disease, including GBA, TMEM175 and SCARB2 . Our results may partly explain why patients with Parkinson's disease suffered with a higher probability of cancer occurrence in Taiwan, which did not supported in US Asian Americans . Although the association between cancer and Parkinson disease was inconsistent, our results may explain some similarities in pathogenesis of cancer and Parkinson disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

Association study of genetic variation in the autophagy lysosome pathway genes and risk of eight kinds of cancers

Tan

Chen

et al. 2018

Intl Journal of Cancer

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The autophagy lysosome pathway is essential to maintain cell viability and homeostasis in response to many stressful environments, which is reported to play a vital role in cancer development and therapy. However, the association of genetic alterations of this pathway with risk of cancer remains unclear. Based on genome-wide association study data of eight kinds of cancers, we used an adaptive rank truncated product approach to perform a pathway-level and gene-level analysis, and used a logistic model to calculate SNP-level associations to examine whether an altered autophagy lysosome pathway contributes to cancer susceptibility. Among eight kinds of cancers, four of them showed significant statistics in the pathway-level analysis, including breast cancer (p = 0.00705), gastric cancer (p = 0.00880), lung cancer (p = 0.000100) and renal cell carcinoma (p = 0.00190). We also found that some autophagy lysosome genes had signals of association with cancer risk. Our results demonstrated that inherited genetic variants in the overall autophagy lysosome pathway and certain associated genes might contribute to cancer susceptibility, which warrant further evaluation in other independent datasets.

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“…2 However, high rates of CMM in PD cohorts are in contrast with the ample epidemiological evidence reporting low rates of most non-skin cancers in PD, 9,13,14 with the exception of breast and prostate cancers being more common in PD patients in some studies. 19,20 Taken together, epidemiological evidence suggests that CMM is the only cancer whose high prevalence in PD has been consistently reported in ethnically diverse populations. 18 A study performed later than these meta-analyses reported exceptionally high rates of several cancers in Taiwanese PD cases (including CMM and prostate cancer).…”

mentioning

confidence: 87%

“…16 These latter findings may have been biased by excessive surveillance in PD, and were not confirmed in Asian Americans. 19,20 Taken together, epidemiological evidence suggests that CMM is the only cancer whose high prevalence in PD has been consistently reported in ethnically diverse populations.…”

mentioning

confidence: 87%

“…A study performed later than these meta‐analyses reported exceptionally high rates of several cancers in Taiwanese PD cases (including CMM and prostate cancer) . These latter findings may have been biased by excessive surveillance in PD, and were not confirmed in Asian Americans . Taken together, epidemiological evidence suggests that CMM is the only cancer whose high prevalence in PD has been consistently reported in ethnically diverse populations.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Cutaneous malignant melanoma and Parkinson disease: Common pathways?

Inzelberg

Flash

Friedman

et al. 2016

Annals of Neurology

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The mechanisms underlying the high prevalence of cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) in Parkinson disease (PD) are unclear, but plausibly involve common pathways. 129Ser-phosphorylated α-synuclein, a pathological PD hallmark, is abundantly expressed in CMM, but not in normal skin. In inherited PD, PARK genes harbor germline mutations; the same genes are somatically mutated in CMM, or their encoded proteins are involved in melanomagenesis. Conversely, genes associated with CMM affect PD risk. PD/CMM-targeted cells share neural crest origin and melanogenesis capability. Pigmentation gene variants may underlie their susceptibility. We review putative genetic intersections that may be suggestive of shared pathways in neurodegeneration/melanomagenesis. Ann Neurol 2016;80:811-820.

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Associations Between Parkinson Disease and Cancer in US Asian Americans

Cited by 8 publications

References 5 publications

Does Parkinsons Disease Dementia Reduce Cancer Risk more than Alzheimers Disease Alone?

Does Parkinsons Disease Dementia Reduce Cancer Risk more than Alzheimers Disease Alone?

Association study of genetic variation in the autophagy lysosome pathway genes and risk of eight kinds of cancers

Cutaneous malignant melanoma and Parkinson disease: Common pathways?

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