An integrated soil-crop system model for water and nitrogen management in North China

Liang, Hao; Hu, Kelin; Batchelor, William D.; Qi, Zhiming; Li, Baoguo

doi:10.1038/srep25755

Cited by 79 publications

(39 citation statements)

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“…Field evidence has shown that proper nutrient management during rice production can improve crop yield while reducing the N application rate and decreasing the environmental costs through integrated soil-crop system management (ISSM) 4, 15 . Chen et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The rice production practices of high yield and high nitrogen use efficiency in Jiangsu, China

Guo

Gao

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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To face the great challenges of ensuring food security and environmental sustainability, agricultural production must be improved by high yield and high resource utilization efficiency (HYHE). We recently addressed this challenge and evaluated yield potential by surveying 735 farmers in 2008–2012 and then conducting 6 rice field experiments in 2008–2013 with large demonstration areas in 2010–2013 aimed to actualize the HYHE in Jiangsu Province, China. The survey result showed that the averaged N rate, grain yield and N partial factor productivity (PFPN) of the farmers were 336.7 kg ha−1, 8131.8 kg ha−1 and 24.2 kg kg−1, respectively. Through controlling total N rates and adjusting the application timing, the yield and the PFPN of optimal N managements (OPT) were increased by 5.9% and 37.6% with 31.4% reduction in N supply amounts for 6 experimental sites, and the yield increased by 5.6% for large demonstration areas compared with farmers’ fertilizer practices (FFP), respectively. In conclusion, although the soil properties of the different regions varied, HYHE could be achieved by regulating the N management practices, thus contributing to higher rice production and lower environmental costs from intensive agriculture in Jiangsu, China.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The rice production practices of high yield and high nitrogen use efficiency in Jiangsu, China

Guo

Gao

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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“…The crop modeling analyses showed that cereal crops are most vulnerable to increasing water scarcity in many countries of the world [29]. Recently, an integrated soil-crop model (WHCNS, soil water-heat-carbon-nitrogen simulator) was developed based on the Chinese climate, soil types, and field management and the model has been successfully applied to simulate water use, N loss, and N use efficiency in China [30][31][32]. Previous research showed that the model simulated soil and crop indicators agreed well with observed data [33].…”

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confidence: 99%

Modeling Water and Nitrogen Balance of Different Cropping Systems in the North China Plain

Leghari

Liang

et al. 2019

Agronomy

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The North China Plain (NCP) is experiencing serious groundwater level decline and groundwater nitrate contamination due to excessive water pumping and application of nitrogen (N) fertilizer. In this study, grain yield, water and N use efficiencies under different cropping systems including two harvests in 1 year (winter wheat-summer maize) based on farmer (2H1Y) FP and optimized practices (2H1Y) OPT , three harvests in 2 years (winter wheat-summer maize-spring maize, 3H2Y), and one harvest in 1 year (spring maize, 1H1Y) were evaluated using the water-heat-carbon-nitrogen simulator (WHCNS) model. The 2H1Y FP system was maintained with 100% irrigation and fertilizer, while crop water requirement and N demand for other cropping systems were optimized and managed by soil testing. In addition, a scenario analysis was also performed under the interaction of linearly increasing and decreasing N rates, and irrigation levels.Results showed that the model performed well with simulated soil water content, soil N concentration, leaf area index, dry matter, and grain yield. Statistically acceptable ranges of root mean square error, Nash-Sutcliffe model efficiency, index of agreement values close to 1, and strong correlation coefficients existed between simulated and observed values. We concluded that replacing the prevalent 2H1Y FP with 1H1Y would be ecofriendly at the cost of some grain yield decline. This cropping system had the highest average water use (2.1 kg m −3 ) and N use efficiencies (4.8 kg kg -1 ) on reduced water (56.64%) and N (81.36%) inputs than 2H1Y FP . Whereas 3H2Y showed insignificant results in terms of grain yield, and 2H1Y FP was unsustainable. The 2H1Y FP system consumed a total of 745 mm irrigation and 1100 kg N ha -1 in two years. When farming practices were optimized for two harvests in 1 year system (2H1Y) OPT , then grain yield improved and water (18.12%) plus N (61.82%) consumptions were minimized. There was an ample amount of N saved, but water conservation was still unsatisfactory. However, considering the results of scenario analyses, it is recommended that winter wheat would be cultivated at <200 mm irrigation by reducing one irrigation event.Since the 1970s, the annual use of the two-harvest cropping system greatly increased the total grain output. However, it has also caused severe groundwater decline [7,8], because both crops generally have high water requirements to complete their life cycle [9,10]. Crop water requirement does not meet the balance between groundwater recharge through rain and evapotranspiration (ET) loss from plant and soil [11]. An estimated amount of more than 450 mm yr −1 irrigation water is required to maintain high crop yield under the conventional double cropping system [12], which dominatingly depends on pumping of groundwater, and there is no access to irrigation from the river source. Thus, the groundwater is almost the only source of irrigation [13]. In the last 20 years, sustained water pumping has adversely affected aquifers. Consequently, the groundwater leve...

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“…For example, the CENTURY/DAYCENT model (Parton et al 1988(Parton et al , 1998 focuses on carbon and nutrient dynamics and has been widely accepted by the ecological and geochemical communities, though they do not use physically based equations to calculate data. Liang et al (2016) developed an integrated soil-crop system model called Soil Water Heat Carbon Nitrogen Simulator, containing modules to model soil water, soil temperature, soil carbon, soil nitrogen, and crop growth in North China. It has been integrated with various root growth models (Groenendyk et al 2012;Peña-Haro et al 2012;Zhou et al 2012;Li et al 2014;Han et al 2015;Hartmann et al 2018).…”

Section: Definition and Scopementioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been integrated with various root growth models (Groenendyk et al 2012;Peña-Haro et al 2012;Zhou et al 2012;Li et al 2014;Han et al 2015;Hartmann et al 2018). Liang et al (2016) developed an integrated soil-crop system model called Soil Water Heat Carbon Nitrogen Simulator, containing modules to model soil water, soil temperature, soil carbon, soil nitrogen, and crop growth in North China. A DSSAT-HYDRUS 1D coupling was tested to simulate soil water dynamics along with crop growth and yield in Florida, USA (Shelia et al 2018).…”

Section: Definition and Scopementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Technical challenges result from models being written in different computer languages (e.g., MATLAB, FORTRAN, Python) and their dependence on "legacy code" (Liang et al 2016), which may no longer be supported by model creators. Some computer languages and source codes are proprietary and/or must be compiled prior to running, or may require extensive setup in an additional software application.…”

Section: Challenges For Integrated Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transition Pathways to Sustainable Agricultural Water Management: A Review of Integrated Modeling Approaches

Haacker

Sharda

Cano

et al. 2019

J American Water Resour Assoc

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Agricultural water management (AWM) is an interdisciplinary concern, cutting across traditional domains such as agronomy, climatology, geology, economics, and sociology. Each of these disciplines has developed numerous process‐based and empirical models for AWM. However, models that simulate all major hydrologic, water quality, and crop growth processes in agricultural systems are still lacking. As computers become more powerful, more researchers are choosing to integrate existing models to account for these major processes rather than building new cross‐disciplinary models. Model integration carries the hope that, as in a real system, the sum of the model will be greater than the parts. However, models based upon simplified and unrealistic assumptions of physical or empirical processes can generate misleading results which are not useful for informing policy. In this article, we use literature and case studies from the High Plains Aquifer and Southeastern United States regions to elucidate the challenges and opportunities associated with integrated modeling for AWM and recommend conditions in which to use integrated models. Additionally, we examine the potential contributions of integrated modeling to AWM — the actual practice of conserving water while maximizing productivity. Editor's note: This paper is part of the featured series on Optimizing Ogallala Aquifer Water Use to Sustain Food Systems. See the February 2019 issue for the introduction and background to the series.

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An integrated soil-crop system model for water and nitrogen management in North China

Cited by 79 publications

References 50 publications

The rice production practices of high yield and high nitrogen use efficiency in Jiangsu, China

The rice production practices of high yield and high nitrogen use efficiency in Jiangsu, China

Modeling Water and Nitrogen Balance of Different Cropping Systems in the North China Plain

Transition Pathways to Sustainable Agricultural Water Management: A Review of Integrated Modeling Approaches

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