Retraction Note: Alteration of astrocytes and Wnt/β-catenin signaling in the frontal cortex of autistic subjects

Cao, Fujiang; Yin, Ailan; Wen, Guang Y.; Sheikh, Ashfaq M.; Tauqeer, Zujaja; Malik, Mazhar N.; Nagori, Amenah; Schirripa, Michael; Schirripa, Frank; Merz, George; Feng, Shiqing; Brown, W. Ted; Li, Xiaohong

doi:10.1186/s12974-016-0568-9

Cited by 8 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 1 publication

(1 reference statement)

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“…It was shown recently that astrocytes in autistic patients also exhibit significantly altered morphology, particularly of their processes. In addition, astrocytes of the neuroligin knockdown mice showed similar alterations [80]. This is suggesting implication of neuroligins in the maintenance of synaptic structures, including the astrocytic component.…”

Section: Driving Force and Mechanisms Of Pap Structural Plasticitymentioning

confidence: 89%

Astrocyte-Synapse Structural Plasticity

2014

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The function and efficacy of synaptic transmission are determined not only by the composition and activity of pre- and postsynaptic components but also by the environment in which a synapse is embedded. Glial cells constitute an important part of this environment and participate in several aspects of synaptic functions. Among the glial cell family, the roles played by astrocytes at the synaptic level are particularly important, ranging from the trophic support to the fine-tuning of transmission. Astrocytic structures are frequently observed in close association with glutamatergic synapses, providing a morphological entity for bidirectional interactions with synapses. Experimental evidence indicates that astrocytes sense neuronal activity by elevating their intracellular calcium in response to neurotransmitters and may communicate with neurons. The precise role of astrocytes in regulating synaptic properties, function, and plasticity remains however a subject of intense debate and many aspects of their interactions with neurons remain to be investigated. A particularly intriguing aspect is their ability to rapidly restructure their processes and modify their coverage of the synaptic elements. The present review summarizes some of these findings with a particular focus on the mechanisms driving this form of structural plasticity and its possible impact on synaptic structure and function.

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Section: Driving Force and Mechanisms Of Pap Structural Plasticitymentioning

confidence: 89%

Astrocyte-Synapse Structural Plasticity

2014

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“…Several ASD animal models have been developed, including TSC∓ mice (Tsai et al, 2012), PTEN deletion mice (Lugo et al, 2014), BTBR T+tfJ mice (Cao et al, 2012), VPAexposed rats (Schneider and Przewlocki, 2005), and others. Compared with gene deletion animal models, the VPA-exposed rat is a wellestablished chemical-induced ASD model.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In BTBR T+tfJ and Neuroligin (NL)-3 knock-down autism model mice, the Wnt and β-catenin proteins are decreased in the frontal cortex (Cao et al, 2012). Downregulating the canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway attenuates the susceptibility to autism-like phenotypes in Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience 75 (2016) [27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] valproic acid (VPA)-treated mice (Zhang et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Valproic acid exposure sequentially activates Wnt and mTOR pathways in rats

Qin

Dai

Yin

2016

Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience

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“…In addition to GFAP, the astrocytic markers AQP4 and CX43 also demonstrate abnormal expression patterns in ASD patient samples [45]. More recent reports indicate that astrocytes of autistic patients exhibit reduced branching processes, branching length, and cell body sizes, which may be attributable to decreased Wnt/β-catenin signaling in these individuals [46]. …”

Section: Astrocytes Driving Neuronal Pathology In Autismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of astrocyte development and their contributions to neurodevelopmental disorders

Sloan

Barres

2014

Current Opinion in Neurobiology

214

187

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The development of functional neural circuits relies upon the coordination of various cell types. In particular, astrocytes play a crucial role in orchestrating neural development by powerfully coordinating synapse formation and function, neuronal survival, and axon guidance. While astrocytes help to shape neural circuits in the developing brain, the mechanisms underlying their own development may play an equally crucial role in nervous system function. The onset of astrogenesis is a temporally regulated phenomenon that relies upon exogenously secreted cues and intrinsic chromatin changes. Defects in the mechanisms underlying astrogenesis or in astrocyte function during early development may contribute to the progression of a variety of neurodevelopmental disorders.

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Retraction Note: Alteration of astrocytes and Wnt/β-catenin signaling in the frontal cortex of autistic subjects

Cited by 8 publications

References 1 publication

Astrocyte-Synapse Structural Plasticity

Astrocyte-Synapse Structural Plasticity

Valproic acid exposure sequentially activates Wnt and mTOR pathways in rats

Mechanisms of astrocyte development and their contributions to neurodevelopmental disorders

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