Confirmed Zika virus infection in a Belgian traveler returning from Guatemala, and the diagnostic challenges of imported cases into Europe

Smet, Birgit De; Bossche, Dorien Van den; Werve, Charlotte van de; Mairesse, Jacques; Schmidt‐Chanasit, Jonas; Michiels, Jo; Ariën, Kevin K.; Esbroeck, Marjan Van; Cnops, Lieselotte

doi:10.1016/j.jcv.2016.04.009

Cited by 23 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In addition, the ongoing Zika virus epidemic in the Americas since 2015 was associated with congenital infection and an unprecedented number of infants born with microcephaly ( 6 , 7 ). In 2015, the Zika virus epidemic spread from Brazil to 60 other countries and territories; active local virus transmission ( 8 ) and cases of imported Zika virus disease are occurring all over the world ( 9 , 10 ). In view of the seriousness of the epidemic, the World Health Organization declared the clusters of microcephaly and Guillian-Barré syndrome a Public Health Emergency of International Concern ( 11 ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Competence of Aedes aegypti, Ae. albopictus, and Culex quinquefasciatus Mosquitoes as Zika Virus Vectors, China

Liu¹,

Zhou²,

Lai³

et al. 2017

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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In China, the prevention and control of Zika virus disease has been a public health threat since the first imported case was reported in February 2016. To determine the vector competence of potential vector mosquito species, we experimentally infected Aedes aegypti, Ae. albopictus, and Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes and determined infection rates, dissemination rates, and transmission rates. We found the highest vector competence for the imported Zika virus in Ae. aegypti mosquitoes, some susceptibility of Ae. albopictus mosquitoes, but no transmission ability for Cx. quinquefasciatus mosquitoes. Considering that, in China, Ae. albopictus mosquitoes are widely distributed but Ae. aegypti mosquito distribution is limited, Ae. albopictus mosquitoes are a potential primary vector for Zika virus and should be targeted in vector control strategies.

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confidence: 99%

Competence of Aedes aegypti, Ae. albopictus, and Culex quinquefasciatus Mosquitoes as Zika Virus Vectors, China

Liu¹,

Zhou²,

Lai³

et al. 2017

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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“…Many ZIKV imported cases in travelers returning to Europe were reported after 2013 [15][16][17][18][19]25]. Due to similar clinical symptoms and geographical distribution as well as possible co-infections with dengue and chikungunya, DENV and CHIKV should be considered in the differential diagnosis in febrile travelers [7,26,27].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Europe, the first imported case of Zika fever was reported in 2013 in a German traveler returning from Thailand [15], and thereafter imported cases were continuously noted [16][17][18][19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First detection of Zika virus infection in a Croatian traveler returning from Brazil, 2016

Vilibić-Čavlek¹,

Betica-Radić

Venturi

et al. 2017

J Infect Dev Ctries

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In the last few years, several imported cases of Zika virus (ZIKV) infection were reported in European countries. We report the first imported ZIKV infection case in a Croatian traveler returning from Brazil. The patient presented with a low-grade fever, pruritic rash, general weakness, myalgia, arthralgia and edema of the legs and recovered completely within a week. ZIKV infection was confirmed by detection of IgM/IgG antibodies using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and confirmed by plaque-reduction neutralization test (PRNT). ZIKV IgM antibodies cross-reacted with dengue virus (DENV), West Nile virus (WNV) and tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) in ELISA. In indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA), IgM cross-reactivity was found only with DENV-3. ZIKV IgG antibodies cross-reacted with DENV in both ELISA and IFA. PRNT for DENV was negative. Control serology performed on days 64 and 98 after disease onset showed a decline in crossreactive heterologous DENV IgG antibodies compared to persistently high titer of homologous ZIKV IgG antibodies.

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“…8 It is particularly challenging to diagnose patients in the acute phase of Zika infection, which appears to be short, because serological testing is complicated by crossreactivity, vaccination status, and the scarce availability of specific Zika virus tests. 68 In addition to the flaviviruses Zika and tick-borne encephalitis virus, there are 2 other viruses that are emerging as important arboviruses in North America that are not flaviviruses. 69 Jamestown Canyon virus is an orthobunyavirus and was first identified in Jamestown Canyon, Colorado in 1961.…”

Section: Related Viruses: Similarities and Differencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zika virus: An emergent neuropathological agent

White

Wollebo

Beckham

et al. 2016

Annals of Neurology

109

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The emergence of Zika virus in the Americas has followed a pattern that is familiar from earlier epidemics of other viruses, where a new disease is introduced into a human population and then spreads rapidly with important public health consequences. In the case of Zika virus, an accumulating body of recent evidence implicates the virus in the etiology of serious pathologies of the human nervous system, that is, the occurrence of microcephaly in neonates and Guillain–Barré syndrome in adults. Zika virus is an arbovirus (arthropod-borne virus) and a member of the family Flaviviridae, genus Flavivirus. Zika virions are enveloped and icosahedral, and contain a nonsegmented, single-stranded, positive-sense RNA genome, which encodes 3 structural and 7 nonstructural proteins that are expressed as a single polyprotein that undergoes cleavage. Zika genomic RNA replicates in the cytoplasm of infected host cells. Zika virus was first detected in 1947 in the blood of a febrile monkey in Uganda’s Zika Forest and in crushed suspensions of the Aedes mosquito, which is one of the vectors for Zika virus. The virus remained obscure, with a few human cases confined to Africa and Asia. There are two lineages of the Zika virus, African and Asian, with the Asian strain causing outbreaks in Micronesia in 2007 and French Polynesia in 2013–2014. From here, the virus spread to Brazil with the first report of autochthonous Zika transmission in the Americas in March 2015. The rapid advance of the virus in the Americas and its likely association with microcephaly and Guillain–Barré syndrome make Zika an urgent public health concern.

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Confirmed Zika virus infection in a Belgian traveler returning from Guatemala, and the diagnostic challenges of imported cases into Europe

Cited by 23 publications

References 12 publications

Competence of Aedes aegypti, Ae. albopictus, and Culex quinquefasciatus Mosquitoes as Zika Virus Vectors, China

Competence of Aedes aegypti, Ae. albopictus, and Culex quinquefasciatus Mosquitoes as Zika Virus Vectors, China

First detection of Zika virus infection in a Croatian traveler returning from Brazil, 2016

Zika virus: An emergent neuropathological agent

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