Anti-inflammatory effect of aqueous extracts of spent Pleurotus ostreatus substrates in mouse ears treated with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate

Abstract

Aims:To evaluate the application of spent Pleurotus ostreatus substrates, enriched or not with medicinal herbs, as a source of anti-inflammatory compounds.Subjects and Methods:P. ostreatus was cultivated on five different substrates: Barley straw (BS) and BS combined 80:20 with medicinal herbs (Chenopodium ambrosioides L. [BS/CA], Rosmarinus officinalis L. [BS/RO], Litsea glaucescens Kunth [BS/LG], and Tagetes lucida Cav. [BS/TL]). The anti-inflammatory activity of aqueous extracts of spent mushroom substrates (SMSs) (4 mg/ear) was studied using an acute inflammation model in the mouse ear induced with 2.5 μg/ear 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol13-acetate (TPA).Results:Groups treated with BS/CA, BS/RO, and BS/LG aqueous extracts exhibited the best anti-inflammatory activity (94.0% ± 5.5%, 92.9% ± 0.6%, and 90.4% ± 5.0% inhibition of auricular edema [IAO], respectively), and these effects were significantly different (P < 0.05) from that of the positive control indomethacin (0.5 mg/ear). BS/TL and BS were also able to reduce TPA-induced inflammation but to a lesser extent (70.0% ± 6.7% and 43.5% ± 6.6% IAO, respectively).Conclusions:Spent P. ostreatus substrate of BS possesses a slight anti-inflammatory effect. The addition of CA L. to mushroom substrate showed a slightly synergistic effect while RO L. had an additive effect. In addition, LG Kunth and TL Cav. enhanced the anti-inflammatory effect of SMS. However, to determine whether there is a synergistic or additive effect, it is necessary to determine the anti-inflammatory effect of each medicinal herb.

Efecto antihelmíntico y antibacteriano in vitro del extracto hidroalcohólico de hojas y tallos de Kalanchoe daigremontiana

“…A representative voucher specimen of the plant material was deposited in the herbarium of the Institute of Biological Sciences of the Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, and the identification code 06 was assigned to it. Extract preparation: One-hundred grams of dried leaves and steams (4-6 mm) were macerated with 3000 mL of extraction solvent (30% methanol, 70% water); after 72 h, the extract was separated from the solid residue using a filter paper (Whatman™ qualitative filter paper, grade 1), and the solvent was removed by distillation under reduced pressure in a BÜCHI™ R-210 (Flawil, Germany) rotary evaporator, following the methodology described by Rivero-Pérez et al, (2016). The concentrations evaluated for egg hatching and larval motility inhibition, as well as larval mortality, were 200, 100, 50, 25, and 12.5 mg mL −1 .…”

“…daigremontiana hydroalcoholic extract is capable of inhibiting egg hatching and larval motility (Figure 2). Other plant-derived molecules, like flavonoids, flavones, saponins, alkaloids, xanthones (Rivero et al, 2016), polyphenols (Akkari et al, 2016), tannins (Desrues et al, 2016 and pyrazole-5-carboxamide derivatives (Jiao et al, 2017), have also been reported to reduce larval motility. The presence in K. daigremontiana of flavonoids and polyphenols (Karwatzki et al, 1993) has been reported, and it is feasible that these compounds play a role in larval motility inhibition.…”