Compromised Vitamin D Status Negatively Affects Muscular Strength and Power of Collegiate Athletes

Hildebrand, Rachel Ann; Miller, Bruce D.; Warren, Aric J.; Hildebrand, Deana; Smith, Brenda J.

doi:10.1123/ijsnem.2016-0052

Cited by 35 publications

(22 citation statements)

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“…The high prevalence of low levels of vitamin D was also found in the studies on Swedish young soccer players and Canadian young hockey players residing in regions with low levels of solar insolation [34,35]. However, prolonged insolation is not a guarantee of sufficient formation of vitamin D and its deficiency is also widespread among athletes permanently residing in the southern regions [36]. Reduced workload in comparison to summer and autumn may provide a possible explanation of lower prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among young Russian soccer players during winter season.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Prevalence and Treatment of Vitamin D Deficiency in Young Male Russian Soccer Players in Winter

et al. 2019

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Vitamin D (25(OH)D) insufficiency and deficiency are highly prevalent in adult soccer players and can exceed 80% even in regions with high insolation; however, the treatment of this condition is often complicated. The aim of the present study was to examine the prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency in youth Russian soccer players and the efficacy of its treatment. Participants were 131 young male football players (age 15.6 ± 2.4 years). Low vitamin D levels (below 30 ng/mL) were observed in 42.8% of the analyzed participants. These athletes were split in two groups composed of persons with vitamin D deficiency (serum vitamin D below 21 ng/mL) and insufficiency (serum vitamin D in range of 21–29 ng/mL). A dietary supplement of 5000 IU cholecalciferol per day was administered for two months. After the treatment, an average 92% increase in vitamin D concentration was observed (before treatment—19.7 ± 5.4 ng/mL, after treatment—34.7 ± 8.6 ng/mL, p<0.001) and 74% of the post-treatment values were within the reference range (30–60 ng/mL). Serum concentration of vitamin D increased by 200% ± 98% (p<0.001) during the first month of treatment with vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency being successfully treated in 83% of the football players. In summary, the prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency was high in young Russian soccer players. Furthermore, it was indicated that the daily usage of cholecalciferol in a dose 5000 IU was an effective and well-tolerated treatment for vitamin D insufficiency. No linear dependency between the duration of treatment and increase in vitamin 25(OH)D concentration was observed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Prevalence and Treatment of Vitamin D Deficiency in Young Male Russian Soccer Players in Winter

et al. 2019

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“…Vitamin D insufficiency affects exercise performance and injury prevention; thus, it is an essential topic of interest for athletes. Moreover, it is also known to impact athletic performance; however, most previous studies have assessed jumping and running performances [26]. Thus, our study is the first study to analyze the association between vitamin D levels and shoulder rotator cuff strength, which is involved in one of the most forceful movements in volleyball, i.e., spiking.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The Relationship between Vitamin D Status and Rotator Cuff Muscle Strength in Professional Volleyball Athletes

et al. 2019

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This study aimed to examine the vitamin D status of professional volleyball athletes and to determine its correlation with shoulder muscle strength. We included 52 healthy male professional volleyball players (23.2 ± 4.5 years), who were categorized by vitamin D status (<20 ng/mL: deficiency, 20–30 ng/mL: insufficiency, and >30 ng/mL: sufficiency). We examined the strength of the internal rotator (IR) and external rotator (ER) muscles of the shoulder by using an isokinetic dynamometer. Fourteen players (26.9%) had vitamin D deficiency, 24 players (46.2%) were vitamin D-insufficient, and 14 players (26.9%) were vitamin D-sufficient. There was no significant correlation between vitamin D level and shoulder muscle strength at 60°/s (IR, r = 0.159, p = 0.26; ER, r = 0.245, p = 0.08) and at 180°/s (IR, r = −0.093, p = 0.51; ER, r = −0.037, p = 0.79). Moreover, the isokinetic shoulder strengths were not significantly different across the three groups in all settings. In conclusion, vitamin D insufficiency was common in elite volleyball players. Though not being associated with isokinetic muscle weakness, vitamin D levels should be regularly monitored, and vitamin D should be supplied to young elite athletes, considering its importance for musculoskeletal health.

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“…This data therefore suggests, that submariners are at increased risk for muscle mass loss. The causes of the accelerated reduction in fat-free mass remain speculative, but may relate to the irregular daily rhythm induced by shift-work [25,26], voided sunlight/vitamin D deficiency [27,28], chronic stress [10], and altered dietary pattern, e.g., low protein [29], low eating frequency [30,31]. Notably, in other studies on submariners, a reduction in fat-free mass was not observed [7,32], and vitamin D supplementation did not increase fat-free mass during 3-month submarine deployment [6].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Expenditure and Changes in Body Composition During Submarine Deployment—An Observational Study “DasBoost 2-2017”

et al. 2020

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The present study was designed to objectively assess the effects of 3-months submarine deployment on behavioural and metabolic determinants of metabolic health. In 13 healthy, non-obese volunteers, we using stable isotope dilution, and plasma and urinary biochemistry to characterize metabolic health before and after a 3-month submarine deployment. Volunteers worked in 6-h shifts. After deployment, we observed reduced fat-free mass (mean ± SD, −4.1 ± 3.3 kg, p = 0.003) and increased adiposity (21.9 ± 3.2% fat mass to 24.4 ± 4.7%, p = 0.01). Changes in fat-free mass were positively associated with physical activity (+0.8 kg per 0.1 increase in PAL, p = 0.03). The average physical activity level was 1.64 ± 0.26 and total energy expenditure during deployment was 2937 ± 498 kcal/d, while energy intake was 3158 ± 786 kcal/d. Fasting glucose (p = 0.03), and triglycerides (p = 0.01) declined, whereas fasting free fatty acids increased (p = 0.04). Plasma vitamin D and B12 concentrations decreased (−14%, p = 0.04, and −44%, p = 0.001, respectively), and plasma calcium, and magnesium increased (+51%, p = 0.01, and +5%, p = 0.02). Haemoglobin was unchanged, but haematocrit decreased (−2.2 ± 2.1%, p = 0.005). In conclusion, submarine deployment impairs fat-free mass maintenance and promotes adiposity. High physical activity may prevent the decline in fat-free mass. Our study confirms the need to counteract Vitamin D and B12 deficiencies, and suggests impairments in erythrocyte metabolism.

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Compromised Vitamin D Status Negatively Affects Muscular Strength and Power of Collegiate Athletes

Cited by 35 publications

References 0 publications

Prevalence and Treatment of Vitamin D Deficiency in Young Male Russian Soccer Players in Winter

Prevalence and Treatment of Vitamin D Deficiency in Young Male Russian Soccer Players in Winter

The Relationship between Vitamin D Status and Rotator Cuff Muscle Strength in Professional Volleyball Athletes

Energy Expenditure and Changes in Body Composition During Submarine Deployment—An Observational Study “DasBoost 2-2017”

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