Late-life deficits in cognitive, physical and emotional functions, childhood intelligence and occupational profile: a life-course examination of the Aberdeen 1936 Birth Cohort (ABC1936)

Chapko, Dorota; Staff, Roger T.; McNeil, Christopher J.; Whalley, Lawrence J.; Black, Corri; Murray, Alison

doi:10.1093/ageing/afw061

Cited by 10 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…We reduced our variables of interest in two steps to obtain a single representative value for impairment in cognitive, physical and emotional function. We used the same method to calculate TOI as described previously [12] with some modifications. Briefly, the cognitive test scores, AVLT, DS, BLK and RPM, were used to calculate general cognitive factor (gf).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Here we examined associations between polypharmacy and TOI. We controlled this association for the potentially confounding effects of early-life predictors of cognitive and emotional impairment, such as childhood IQ and education [12], and late-life predictors of physical impairment, such as co-morbidities and BMI [6, 14]. We hypothesized that polypharmacy would be associated with increased impairment in a normal aging population sample independent of the effect of chronic disorders.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The association between polypharmacy and late life deficits in cognitive, physical and emotional capability: a cohort study

et al. 2018

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Background Polypharmacy is a growing health concern for older adults and is associated with poorer clinical outcome. Objective This study aim is to investigate the association between polypharmacy and impairment in cognitive, physical and emotional capability controlling for the confounding effect of co-morbidities. Setting The Aberdeen 1936 Birth Cohort from 1999 to 2004. Method Recruited were 498 dementia free participants around 64 years old and recruited into wave one. Linear regression and structural equation models were used. Models were adjusted for the effect of age, gender, childhood IQ, education and Body Mass Index. A triad of impairment was defined as a composite measure of impairment in cognitive, physical and emotional function. Main outcome measure The relationships between polypharmacy, co-morbidity and triad of impairment. Results The prevalence of polypharmacy was 12.3% in this relatively healthy sample. Polypharmacy was significantly associated with increased impairment in cognitive, physical and emotional ability (β = 3.6, p = 0.003) after controlling for the effect of comorbidities and other confounding variables. As expected, higher childhood IQ and educational achievement had protective effects against impairment while higher comorbidity score and Body Mass Index were associated with increased impairment in this population. Conclusions The independent association of polypharmacy and reduced cognitive, physical and emotional capability makes this a promising target for predicting and potentially reducing the risk of impairment and associated healthcare costs in older adults. Longitudinal studies are required to investigate the underlying mechanisms for the observed relationships further. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s11096-018-0761-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between polypharmacy and late life deficits in cognitive, physical and emotional capability: a cohort study

et al. 2018

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“…Children who experience adversity or less favorable parenting are also more prone to adopt an unhealthy lifestyle [38] which further contributes to worse functioning in later life. Childhood intelligence has been found to be a strong predictor of an outcome of a triad of impairments including cognition, depression, physical health in older age and the association was independent of occupation [39]. The finding indicates that the association in our study might also be brain embedded.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

Association of childhood adversities and home atmosphere with functioning in old age: the Helsinki birth cohort study

et al. 2018

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Objective Childhood adversities have been linked with adverse health outcomes, but less is known about the long-term consequences of childhood home atmosphere. We investigated whether childhood adversities and home atmosphere were associated with physical and mental functioning in older age. Methods In the Helsinki Birth Cohort Study 2003 participants born 1934-44 had data available on 9 childhood home atmosphere items e.g. whether it was supportive and warm (sum score ranged between 0 and 36, higher score indicating better atmosphere), and 9 childhood adversities e.g. unemployment and divorce (sum score 0-9, coded into no; one; and two or more adversities) assessed in 2001-04. Of those, 835 had data on physical and mental functioning assessed using the Short Form 36 questionnaire in 2011-13. Results Those who had experienced two or more childhood adversities were more likely to have poorer physical and mental functioning in older age compared to those with no adversities. A better home atmosphere score was associated with better mental functioning (per one unit higher score β 0.24, 95% CI 0.16 to 0.32, p<0.001). In models including both childhood adversities and home atmosphere, a more favorable home atmosphere was associated with better mental functioning while the association for childhood adversities attenuated. There were no associations between childhood adversities or home atmosphere and physical functioning in the models that included both childhood exposures. Conclusions Childhood adversities and home atmosphere have long-term associations with physical and mental functioning in older age.

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“…The co-occurrence of physical, cognitive and emotional decline had been collectively named triad of impairment (TOI) and used as a surrogate marker of frailty in the Cardiovascular Health study [43] and Aberdeen Birth Cohort (ABC) study [36,44]. TOI proposed in the ABC study included both subjective (self-reported; SF-36, HADS depression and anxiety questionnaire) and objective (memory tests, gait speed test) measures of function quantifying as a continuing variable to represent frailty status.…”

Section: Frailty As Multidimensional Impairmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This study has revealed the importance of considering a life-course approach to predict and potentially reduce frailty in older adults. However, the validity of TOI and whether it could predict adverse health outcomes such as hospitalization and mortality rate in late life need to be estimated in other studies [44].…”

Section: Frailty As Multidimensional Impairmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Frailty Syndrome and Its Physical, Cognitive and Emotional Domains in the Elderly

et al. 2017

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Abstract:Background: Frailty, a very important complication of increasing age, is a well-recognised concept although it has not been accurately measured in the clinical setting. The aim of this literature review is to summarise commonly used frailty screening tools, and to describe how new measurement methods have been developed recently. Methods: Several frailty measurement tools including the most cited and newly developed scales have been described in this review. We searched the MEDLINE using the search terms; "frailty score, scale, tool, instrument, index, phenotype" and then summarised selected tools for physical, cognitive, emotional and co-morbidity domains. Results: The most cited frailty measurement methods developed from 1999 to 2005 are primarily criteria for physical frailty (e.g., frailty phenotype). More recently developed tools (e.g., triad of impairment and multidimensional frailty score) consider cognitive and emotional domains in addition to physical deficit in measuring frailty. Co-morbidity has also been considered as a domain of frailty in several measurement tools. Conclusion: Although frailty tools have traditionally assessed physical capability, cognitive and emotional impairment often co-exist in older adults and may have shared origins. Therefore, newer tools which provide a composite measure of frailty may be more relevant for future use.

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Late-life deficits in cognitive, physical and emotional functions, childhood intelligence and occupational profile: a life-course examination of the Aberdeen 1936 Birth Cohort (ABC1936)

Abstract: childhood intelligence was the predominant influence on the triad of impairment in late life, independently of the occupational profile. Efforts to reduce impairment in older adults should be informed by a life-course approach with special attention to the early-life environment.

Cited by 10 publications

References 35 publications

The association between polypharmacy and late life deficits in cognitive, physical and emotional capability: a cohort study

The association between polypharmacy and late life deficits in cognitive, physical and emotional capability: a cohort study

Association of childhood adversities and home atmosphere with functioning in old age: the Helsinki birth cohort study

A Review of Frailty Syndrome and Its Physical, Cognitive and Emotional Domains in the Elderly

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