2706 km cycling in 2 weeks: effects on cardiac function in 6 elderly male athletes

Morville, Thomas; Rosenkilde, Mads; Mattsson, Nick; Dela, Flemming; Helge, Jørn Wulff; Rasmusen, Hanne Kruuse

doi:10.1080/00913847.2018.1477403

Cited by 6 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…The study participants experienced a decrease in cardiorespiratory fitness, a decrease in maximal fat oxidation rate (MFO) and a decrease in insulin sensitivity (HOMA‐IR) after the exercise intervention, suggesting that the intervention negatively impacted these markers of physiological and metabolic health. 19 , 20 We speculated that these apparently detrimental adaptations to extreme endurance exercise could have been age‐specific and some support for this contention is provided by Easthope and collegues who demonstrated somewhat larger muscle damage in 46 ± 6 years versus 31 ± 7 years old master and younger athletes, respectively after a 55 km trail running competition. 21 To test this possibility, we conducted the present study, which examines the physiologic and metabolic impact of repeated prolonged moderate intensity exercise (7–10 h/day for 15 consecutive days at ≈63% HR max ) in two cohorts of seven men, age 30 ± 5 years or age 65 ± 6 years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In an earlier study, we investigated the metabolic and physiologic impact of 14 days of consecutive cycling over a total distance of approximately 2700 km in a cohort of six older men (61 years). The study participants experienced a decrease in cardiorespiratory fitness, a decrease in maximal fat oxidation rate (MFO) and a decrease in insulin sensitivity (HOMA‐IR) after the exercise intervention, suggesting that the intervention negatively impacted these markers of physiological and metabolic health 19,20 . We speculated that these apparently detrimental adaptations to extreme endurance exercise could have been age‐specific and some support for this contention is provided by Easthope and collegues who demonstrated somewhat larger muscle damage in 46 ± 6 years versus 31 ± 7 years old master and younger athletes, respectively after a 55 km trail running competition 21 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Extreme duration exercise affects old and younger men differently

et al. 2022

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Aim & Methods: Extreme endurance exercise provides a valuable research model for understanding the adaptive metabolic response of older and younger individuals to intense physical activity. Here, we compare a wide range of metabolic and physiologic parameters in two cohorts of seven trained men, age 30 ± 5 years or age 65 ± 6 years, before and after the participants travelled ≈3000 km by bicycle over 15 days. Results: Over the 15-day exercise intervention, participants lost 2-3 kg fat mass with no significant change in body weight. VȮ 2 max did not change in younger cyclists, but decreased (p = 0.06) in the older cohort. The resting plasma FFA concentration decreased markedly in both groups, and plasma glucose increased See related editorial: Henriksson J. 2022. Extreme duration endurance exercise affects old and younger men differently-Older individuals experience a negative adaptive response affecting cardiovascular function. Acta Physiol (Oxf). e13843.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extreme duration exercise affects old and younger men differently

et al. 2022

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“…At a first glance, these results tend to disagree with most publications on this topic. Indeed, previous data reported a transient decrease of ventricular systolic function after prolonged multistage exercise [ 7 , 10 , 16 – 18 ]. The systolic dysfunction severity seemed to be positively related to the characteristics of the endurance exercise carried out such as its intensity and duration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, it makes sense to think that the physiological stress placed on the myocardium during repeated and prolonged efforts may result in a cumulative decrement in cardiac function, subsequently delaying the recovery process. Surprisingly, this cumulative cardiac fatigue was not found in most of studies that investigated the impact of multi-day prolonged exercise on cardiac function [ 16 – 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of long-lasting moderate-intensity stage cycling event on cardiac function in young female athletes: A case study

et al. 2022

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Purpose Effects of intense and/or prolonged exercise have been studied extensively in male athletes. Nevertheless, data are scare on the effect of long duration events on cardiac function in female athletes. Our aim was to investigate the effect of a long-lasting moderate-intensity stage cycling event on cardiac function of young female athletes. Methods Seven well-trained female cyclists were included. They completed a cycling event of 3529 km on 23 days. All underwent an echocardiography on 6 time-points (baseline and at the arrival of day (D) 3, 7, 12, 13 and 23). Cardiac function was assessed by conventional echocardiography, tissue Doppler imaging and speckle tracking techniques. Daily exercise load was determined by heart rate (HR), power output and rate of perceived exertion data (RPE, Borg scale). Results All stages were mainly done at moderate intensity (average HR: 65% of maximal, average aerobic power output: 36% of maximal, average RPE: 4). Resting HR measured at the time of echocardiography did not vary during the event. Resting cardiac dimensions did not significantly change during the 23 days of cycling. No significant modification of cardiac function, whatever the studied cavity, were observed all along the event. Conclusion The results suggest that, in the context of our case study, the long-lasting moderate-intensity stage cycling event was not associated with cardiac function alteration. Nevertheless, we must be careful in interpreting them due to the limits of an underpowered study.

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“…Troponin elevation may result from several mechanisms: parietal mechanical stress in response to pressure or volume overload ( 18 ), tachycardia ( 19 ), massive release of catecholamines ( 20 ), direct action of PAMPs (pathogen-associated molecular patterns) or lipopolysaccharides in sepsis ( 21 ), or viral, bacterial, or immune myocarditis ( 22 ). Previous studies have found a significant increase in cardiac biomarkers [N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and troponin] during long-distance exercises ( 23 , 24 ), with unclear significance ( 25 , 26 ). Recently, it has been observed that a troponin exercise-induced increase above the 99th percentile could be an early marker of mortality and cardiovascular events ( 27 ) notably in participants with hypertension ( 28 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between echocardiographic characteristics and cardiac biomarkers during long-distance trail running

Jouffroy

Hergault

Antero

et al. 2022

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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BackgroundEven if the beneficial cardiovascular effects of moderate exercise are recognized, effects of prolonged and intense exercise are still debated. This study aims to detect cardiovascular changes associated with long endurance running by assessing the relationship between echocardiographic parameters and cardiac biomarkers during long-distance trail running.MethodsWe performed a prospective observational study that included 20 participants who were all amateur runners (median age of 41 years old, still alive after a 7-year clinical follow-up) from 80-km trail running. All the participants underwent an echocardiographic examination and venous blood sampling before the race, at the intermediate refreshment checkpoints of the race (21st and 53rd km), and within 10 min after arrival.ResultsMitral E/A velocity ratio and mitral TDI e’ wave were significantly decreased at the 21st km to arrival (p < 0.05). Mitral S wave and global longitudinal strain (GLS) were significantly decreased from the 53rd km to arrival (p < 0.05 for 53rd and 80th km). As compared to baseline, T-troponin and NT-proBNP were significantly increased at the 21st km in all the participants, but T-troponin values were systematically increased above the significative threshold. Diastolic echocardiographic abnormalities were mainly observed among participants with highest NT-proBNP (> 77 ng.l–1) values at the 21st km. As compared to baseline, mitral e’ wave was significantly decreased (–35%) in participants with highest values of NT-proBNP. Similarly, GLS was also depressed among participants with highest troponin values at the 53rd km (p = 0.01 for 53rd km and p = 0.04 for arrival).ConclusionDuring the long-distance trail running, the early LV decrease in diastolic echocardiographic parameters is associated with increase in NT pro-BNP blood levels, and the decrease in LV systolic echocardiographic parameters later is associated with increase in T-troponin blood levels.

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2706 km cycling in 2 weeks: effects on cardiac function in 6 elderly male athletes

Cited by 6 publications

References 30 publications

Extreme duration exercise affects old and younger men differently

Extreme duration exercise affects old and younger men differently

Impact of long-lasting moderate-intensity stage cycling event on cardiac function in young female athletes: A case study

Relationship between echocardiographic characteristics and cardiac biomarkers during long-distance trail running

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